{"id":7905,"date":"2021-02-08T01:13:16","date_gmt":"2021-02-07T22:13:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/?p=7905"},"modified":"2021-05-25T21:43:49","modified_gmt":"2021-05-25T18:43:49","slug":"2-fonksiyonel-gruplar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/ayt-kimya\/organik-bilesikler\/2-fonksiyonel-gruplar\/","title":{"rendered":"2. Fonksiyonel Gruplar"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Alkoller\">Alkoller<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Alkollerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Alkollerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-2\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Oretici_Ornek\">\u00d6retici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-3\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-4\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-5\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-6\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-7\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-8\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mono_ve_Poli_Alkoller\">Mono ve Poli Alkoller<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-9\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-10\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Etandiol_Ve_Gliserin\">Etandiol Ve Gliserin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Primer_8211_Sekonder_8211_Tersiyer_Alkoller\">Primer &#8211; Sekonder &#8211; Tersiyer Alkoller<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-11\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Alkollerin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Alkollerin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Metanol_CH3OH\">Metanol (CH3OH)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Etanol_C2H5OH\">Etanol (C2H5OH)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Eterler\">Eterler<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Eterlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Eterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-12\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-13\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-14\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-15\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-16\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-17\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Simetrik_ve_Asimetrik_Eterler\">Simetrik ve Asimetrik Eterler<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Eterlerin_Ozellikleri\">Eterlerin \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Karbonil_Bilesikleri_Aldehit_ve_Ketonlar\">Karbonil Bile\u015fikleri (Aldehit ve Ketonlar)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Aldehitlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Aldehitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Aldehitlerin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Aldehitlerin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ketonlarin_Adlandirilmasi\">Ketonlar\u0131n Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ketonlarin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Ketonlar\u0131n Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Karboksilli_Asitler\">Karboksilli Asitler<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Karboksilli_Asitlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-18\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-19\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-20\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-21\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-22\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mono_ve_Poli_Karboksilik_Asitler\">Mono ve Poli Karboksilik Asitler<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-23\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Hidroksiasitler\">Hidroksiasitler<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Amino_Asitler\">Amino Asitler<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-24\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Karboksilli_Asitlerin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Karboksilli Asitlerin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yag_Asitleri\">Ya\u011f Asitleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Esterler\">Esterler<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Esterlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Esterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-25\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Esterlerin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Esterlerin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Aminler\">Aminler<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Aminlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Aminlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek-26\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Organik bile\u015fiklerin s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda bu bile\u015fiklerin &#8220;<em><strong>fonksiyonel gruplar\u0131<\/strong><\/em>&#8221; dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li><li>Tan\u0131m olarak; organik molek\u00fcllerin, kimyasal tepkimelere girme e\u011filimlerini ve baz\u0131 fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerini belirleyen atom gruplar\u0131na &#8220;<strong>fonksiyonel gruplar<\/strong>&#8221; denir.<ul><li>Fonksiyonel gruplar; organik molek\u00fcllerin di\u011fer k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olan atom gruplar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bir organik bile\u015fi\u011fin, ne t\u00fcr bir organik bile\u015fik oldu\u011fu, fonksiyonel grubuna bakara anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, bizi ilgilendiren organik bile\u015fik s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ve fonksiyonel gruplar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"653\" height=\"2191\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar.jpg\" alt=\"Fonksiyonel Gruplar\" class=\"wp-image-7927\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar.jpg 653w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-89x300.jpg 89w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-305x1024.jpg 305w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-458x1536.jpg 458w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-610x2048.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 653px) 100vw, 653px\" \/><figcaption>Fonksiyonel Gruplar<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Alkoller\">Alkoller<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-white-background-color has-background\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"104\" height=\"73\" class=\"wp-image-7941\" style=\"width: 104px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller.jpg\" alt=\"Alkoller\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Alkollerin fonksiyonel grubu <strong>-OH (hidroksil)<\/strong> grubudur.<\/li><li>Alkollerin genel form\u00fcl\u00fc <strong>C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n+2<\/sub>O<\/strong> \u015feklindedir.<\/li><li>Bir alkan molek\u00fcl\u00fcnde, bir H atomunu kopar\u0131p, yerine OH ba\u011flarsak, bir alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fc elde ederiz.<\/li><li>Alkoller, su (<strong>H-OH<\/strong>) molek\u00fcl\u00fcndeki bir H atomunun yerine alkil (<strong>R-<\/strong>) gurubunun ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ile de olu\u015fur. Bu y\u00fczden alkollere, &#8220;alkillenmi\u015f su&#8221; da denilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da baz\u0131 alkol molek\u00fclleri verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"390\" height=\"287\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Alkol-Ornekleri.jpg\" alt=\"Alkol Molek\u00fcllerine \u00d6rnekler\" class=\"wp-image-8200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Alkol-Ornekleri.jpg 390w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Alkol-Ornekleri-300x221.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><figcaption>Alkol Molek\u00fcllerine \u00d6rnekler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>-OH<\/strong> grubu \u015fu \u015fartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yorsa bile\u015fik bir <em><strong>alkol de\u011fildir<\/strong><\/em>;<ul><li>\u0130kili ya da \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u011f yapm\u0131\u015f bir karbon atomuna ba\u011fl\u0131 ise<\/li><li>Fenil grubuna ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ise<\/li><li>Ayn\u0131 karbon atomunda iki tane ise<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen bile\u015fikler alkol de\u011fildir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"242\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Alkol-Olmayan-Bilesiklere-Ornekleri.jpg\" alt=\"Alkol Olmayan Bile\u015fiklere \u00d6rnekler\" class=\"wp-image-8204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Alkol-Olmayan-Bilesiklere-Ornekleri.jpg 320w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Alkol-Olmayan-Bilesiklere-Ornekleri-300x227.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><figcaption>Alkol Olmayan Bile\u015fiklere \u00d6rnekler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Alkollerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Alkollerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>IUPAC sistemine g\u00f6re, alkolleri adland\u0131r\u0131rken \u015fu kurallara uyulur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0130\u00e7inde -OH grubunun da bulundu\u011fu en uzun karbon zinciri bulunur. Bu zincir, bile\u015fi\u011fin g\u00f6vdesi olur.<\/li><li>G\u00f6vdeye ba\u011fl\u0131 di\u011fer gruplar dallard\u0131r.<\/li><li>\u00d6nce numaralar\u0131 ile birlikte dallar okunur, sonra -OH grubunun yerini de belirterek g\u00f6vde okunur.<\/li><li>Alkol grubunun g\u00f6vdesi, karbon say\u0131s\u0131 kadar alkan\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n sonunda &#8220;-ol&#8221; son eki getirilerek okunur.<\/li><li>Alkollerin, yayg\u0131n isimlerinde, -OH grubunun ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu alkil grubunun ad\u0131na ve &#8220;alkol&#8221; kelimesi eklenir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1 ve 2 karbonlu alkollerde, -OH grubunun numaras\u0131na gerek yoktur:<\/strong><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"248\" class=\"wp-image-7958\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Metanol-.jpg\" alt=\"Metanol - Metil Alkol\"> &nbsp;&nbsp;<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"248\" class=\"wp-image-7958\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Metanol-.jpg\" alt=\"Metanol - Metil Alkol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-2\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Numara vermeye -OH grubuna yak\u0131n u\u00e7tan ba\u015flan\u0131r:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"134\" class=\"wp-image-7962\" style=\"width: 350px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-Propil-alkol.jpg\" alt=\"Propil Alkol\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-Propil-alkol.jpg 348w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-Propil-alkol-300x115.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"130\" class=\"wp-image-7964\" style=\"width: 300px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-Butil-alkol.jpg\" alt=\"B\u00fctil Alkol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Oretici_Ornek\">\u00d6retici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>G\u00f6vdenin isminden \u00f6nce -OH grubunun ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu karbon atomunun numaras\u0131 da belirtilir:<\/strong><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"260\" height=\"177\" class=\"wp-image-7963\" style=\"width: 260px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-izoPropil-alkol.jpg\" alt=\"\u0130zopropil Alkol\"><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"179\" class=\"wp-image-7965\" style=\"width: 250px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-2-Butil-alkol.jpg\" alt=\"Sec-B\u00fctil Alkol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-3\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6nce dallar\u0131n numaras\u0131 ve ad\u0131 sonra da -OH grubunun numaras\u0131 ve g\u00f6vdenin ad\u0131 okunur:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"167\" class=\"wp-image-7968\" style=\"width: 300px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-izoButil-alkol.jpg\" alt=\"2-Metil-1-Propanol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-4\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dallar\u0131n ve -OH grubunun numaras\u0131 belitilir:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"280\" height=\"186\" class=\"wp-image-7969\" style=\"width: 280px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-ter-Butil-alkol.jpg\" alt=\"Ter-B\u00fctil-Alkol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-5\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aromatik alkoller de vard\u0131r:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"138\" class=\"wp-image-7975\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Propanol-Benzil-alkol.jpg\" alt=\"Benzil Alkol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-6\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Alkenlerden t\u00fcremi\u015f alkoller de vard\u0131r:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"123\" class=\"wp-image-7976\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-2-Propenol.jpg\" alt=\"2-Propenol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-7\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Alkinlerden t\u00fcremi\u015f alkoller de vard\u0131r:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"136\" class=\"wp-image-7977\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-2-Propinol.jpg\" alt=\"2-Propinol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-8\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Siklo alkoller de vard\u0131r:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"155\" class=\"wp-image-7978\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkollerin-Adlandirilmasi-Siklo-Hekzanol.jpg\" alt=\"Siklohekzanol\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Mono_ve_Poli_Alkoller\">Mono ve Poli Alkoller<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fcnde 1 tane -OH grubu varsa, bu alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fc, <strong><em>mono alkol<\/em><\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-9\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da; mono alkollere \u00f6rnekler verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"561\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Mono-Alkoller.jpg\" alt=\"Monoalkoller\" class=\"wp-image-7979\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Mono-Alkoller.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Mono-Alkoller-294x300.jpg 294w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption>Monoalkoller<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fcnde, birden \u00e7ok -OH grubu varsa bu alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fc, <em><strong>polialkol<\/strong><\/em> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bir polialkolde, iki tane -OH grubu varsa dialkol, \u00fc\u00e7 tane -OH grubu varda trialkol olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-10\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da polialkollere \u00f6rnekler verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"401\" height=\"221\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Poli-Alkoller.jpg\" alt=\"Polialkoller\" class=\"wp-image-7980\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Poli-Alkoller.jpg 401w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Poli-Alkoller-300x165.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\" \/><figcaption>Polialkoller<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Etandiol_Ve_Gliserin\">Etandiol Ve Gliserin<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Etandiol, baz\u0131 polimerlerin \u00fcretiminde ham madde olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Etandiol, donmay\u0131 \u00f6nleyici (antifriz) bir maddedir; ancak zehirli bir madde olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131; ara\u00e7 motorlar\u0131nda antifriz olarak propilen glikol (1,2-propandiol)<\/li><li>Gliserin, tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 madde olarak g\u0131da end\u00fcstrisinde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131z bak\u0131m suyu, nemlendirici krem gibi ki\u015fisel bak\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin, \u015furuplar\u0131n ve baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131nda gliserin vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ayr\u0131ca gliserin, baz\u0131 patlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde (nitro gliserin) ham madde olarak \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Primer_8211_Sekonder_8211_Tersiyer_Alkoller\">Primer &#8211; Sekonder &#8211; Tersiyer Alkoller<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Alkollerde hidroksilin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu karbon atomu, <strong><em>\u03b1 (alfa) karbon atomu<\/em><\/strong> olarak ifade edilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"209\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Alfa-Karbonu.jpg\" alt=\"Alkollerde Alfa Karbonu\" class=\"wp-image-7983\"\/><figcaption>Alkollerde Alfa Karbonu<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fcnde, -OH grubunun ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu C atomuna 1 tane C atomu ba\u011fl\u0131 ise; o alkol <strong><em>birincil veya primer (1<sup>o<\/sup>) alkol<\/em><\/strong> olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (CH<sub>3<\/sub>OH de birincil alkold\u00fcr.)<\/li><li>Alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fcnde, -OH grubunun ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu C atomuna 2 tane C atomu ba\u011fl\u0131 ise; o alkol <strong><em>ikincil veya sekonder (2<sup>o<\/sup>) alkol<\/em><\/strong> olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fcnde, -OH grubunun ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu C atomuna 3 tane C atomu ba\u011fl\u0131 ise; o alkol <strong><em>\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcl veya tersiyer (3<sup>o<\/sup>) alkol<\/em><\/strong> olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-11\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da; birincil-ikincil-\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcl alkollere \u00f6rnekler verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"189\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Birincil-Ikincil-Ucuncul-Primer-Sekonder-Tersiyer.jpg\" alt=\"Birincil - \u0130kincil - \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcl Alkoller\" class=\"wp-image-7986\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Birincil-Ikincil-Ucuncul-Primer-Sekonder-Tersiyer.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Birincil-Ikincil-Ucuncul-Primer-Sekonder-Tersiyer-300x113.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Birincil &#8211; \u0130kincil &#8211; \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcl Alkoller<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Alkollerin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Alkollerin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Alkoller, sahip olduklar\u0131 -OH grubundan dolay\u0131 polar bile\u015fiklerdir ve hidrojen ba\u011f\u0131 kurma yetenekleri vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>\u00d6zellikle karbon say\u0131s\u0131 az olan alkoller suda \u00e7ok iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr ve sulu \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerinde hidrojen ba\u011flar\u0131 kurulur.<\/li><li>Alkollerdeki -OH say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a kaynama noktas\u0131 ve sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck artar.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Metanol_CH3OH\">Metanol (CH<sub>3<\/sub>OH)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Alkollerin en basit \u00fcyesi metanold\u00fcr.<\/li><li>Metanol, \u00f6nceki y\u0131llarda odunun kuru olarak (havas\u0131z ortamda, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda) dam\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilirdi. Bu nedenle metanol, \u201codun alkol\u00fc\u201d olarak da bilinir.<\/li><li>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde metanol, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7ta karbonmonoksitin (CO), hidrojen gaz\u0131 (H<sub>2(g)<\/sub>) ile tepkimesinden elde edilir.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"72\" class=\"wp-image-7991\" style=\"width: 400px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Metanol-Uretimi.jpg\" alt=\"Metanol Eldesi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Metanol-Uretimi.jpg 365w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Metanol-Uretimi-300x54.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/li><li>Metanol, olduk\u00e7a zehirli bir maddedir. Az miktarda metanol\u00fcn yutulmas\u0131 k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011fe, fazla miktarda yutulmas\u0131 (yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 mL) \u00f6l\u00fcme yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/li><li>Metanol zehirlenmesi, buhar\u0131n\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre solunmas\u0131 ya da cildin uzun s\u00fcre metanole maruz kalmas\u0131 ile de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/li><li>Metanol\u00fc, koku ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok benzedi\u011fi etanolden ay\u0131rt etmek \u00e7ok zordur.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Etanol_C2H5OH\">Etanol (C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub>OH)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Etanol; \u015feker kam\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve m\u0131s\u0131r gibi baz\u0131 bitkilerden elde edilen \u015fekerlerin fermantasyonu sonucu olu\u015fur.<\/li><li>Fermantasyon, suyla \u015fekerlerin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na maya ilave edilerek yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Mayan\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi enzimler, basit \u015fekeri (glikoz, C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub> ) etanol ve karbondioksite d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"77\" class=\"wp-image-7994\" style=\"width: 400px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Uretimi.jpg\" alt=\"Etanol \u00dcretimi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Uretimi.jpg 425w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Uretimi-300x58.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/li><li>Canl\u0131lar\u0131n temas ettikleri y\u00fczeylerde bulunan ve insanlarda hastal\u0131k yapma \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip mikroorganizmalar\u0131n yok edilmesinde dezenfektan olarak etanol kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu i\u015fleme <strong><em>dezenfeksiyon<\/em><\/strong> denir.<\/li><li>Ayr\u0131ca canl\u0131 dokulardaki zararl\u0131 mikroorganizmalar\u0131n yok edilmesinde de etanol antiseptik madde (mikroorganizmalar\u0131 yok edici) olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><li>Saf etanol, end\u00fcstriyel kullan\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir kimyasal maddedir. End\u00fcstriyel ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lacak etanol; etenin, asidik ortamda su ile kat\u0131lma tepkimesinden elde edilir:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"71\" class=\"wp-image-7997\" style=\"width: 400px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Uretimi-.jpg\" alt=\"Etenden Etanol \u00dcretimi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Uretimi-.jpg 405w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Uretimi--300x53.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/li><li>Etanol, alkil halojen\u00fcrlerin sulu sodyum hidroksit \u00e7\u00f6zeltisiyle \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunda meydana gelen yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme tepkimesiyle de elde edilebilir:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"93\" class=\"wp-image-7998\" style=\"width: 500px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Eldesi-.jpg\" alt=\"Etanol Eldesi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Eldesi-.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Alkoller-Etanol-Eldesi--300x56.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/li><li>Etanol\u00fcn g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde en \u00f6nemli kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131ndan biri de yak\u0131t olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>Yak\u0131t olarak kullan\u0131lan etanol, biyolojik kaynaklardan (m\u0131s\u0131r, bu\u011fday, \u015feker kam\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi) mayalanma yoluyla \u00fcretildi\u011fi i\u00e7in <strong><em>biyoetanol<\/em><\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Etanol, hafif roketli yar\u0131\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131nda roket yak\u0131t\u0131 olarak da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><li>Etanol, polar yap\u0131da oldu\u011fundan (Hidroksil, hidrofil \u00f6zelliktedir.), suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnebilen \u00f6nemli bir organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle \u00e7e\u015fitli ila\u00e7larda, tent\u00fcrdiyot, boya, esans, parf\u00fcm ve bir\u00e7ok kozmetik \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>140 \u00b0C s\u0131cakl\u0131kta ve asidik ortamda, etanol molek\u00fcllerinin tepkimesiyle dietil eter (etoksi etan) elde edilir. Bu tepkime kondenzasyon tepkimesine bir \u00f6rnektir:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"57\" class=\"wp-image-7999\" style=\"width: 550px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Etanolden-Eter-Eldesi.jpg\" alt=\"Etil Alkolden Eter Eldesi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Etanolden-Eter-Eldesi.jpg 600w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Etanolden-Eter-Eldesi-300x31.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/li><li>Etanol\u00fcn, karboksilik asitlerle tepkimesiyle esterler elde edilir (esterle\u015fme tepkimesi). \u00d6rne\u011fin asetik asit ile etanol\u00fcn tepkimesinden etil asetat elde edilir. Tepkimede a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan suyun ortamdan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 tepkimeyi h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"99\" class=\"wp-image-8000\" style=\"width: 550px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Etanol-Karboksilli-Asit-Tepkimesi.jpg\" alt=\"Alkollerin Asitlerle Tepkimesi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Etanol-Karboksilli-Asit-Tepkimesi.jpg 700w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Etanol-Karboksilli-Asit-Tepkimesi-300x54.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Eterler\">Eterler<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"82\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler.jpg\" alt=\"Eterler\" class=\"wp-image-8006\"\/><figcaption>Eterler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>R<sub>1<\/sub> &#8211; O &#8211; R<sub>2<\/sub><\/em><\/strong> \u015feklinde g\u00f6sterilen bile\u015fiklere <strong>eter<\/strong> denir. R<sub>1<\/sub> ve R<sub>2<\/sub>; ayn\u0131 veya farkl\u0131 alkil gruplar\u0131 olabilir.<\/li><li>Eterlerin genel form\u00fcl\u00fc <strong>C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n+2<\/sub>O<\/strong> \u015feklindedir.<\/li><li>R &#8211; O grubuna alkoksi grubu da denir. Eterler, bir alkoksi grubuna bir alkil grubunun ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fur:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"117\" height=\"146\" class=\"wp-image-8007\" style=\"width: 117px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Alkoksi.jpg\" alt=\"Eterler\"><\/li><li>Su molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn, bir hidrojeni alkil grubu (R-) ile yer de\u011fi\u015ftirirse, alkol bile\u015fi\u011fi olu\u015fur; su molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn her iki hidrojeni de alkil gruplar\u0131 ile yer de\u011fi\u015ftirirse eter bile\u015fi\u011fi olu\u015fur:<br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"318\" height=\"127\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Sudan-Eter.jpg\" alt=\"Sudan Eter T\u00fcremesi\" class=\"wp-image-8008\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Sudan-Eter.jpg 318w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Sudan-Eter-300x120.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 318px) 100vw, 318px\" \/><figcaption>Sudan Eter T\u00fcremesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Eterlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Eterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>IUPAC adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, karbon say\u0131s\u0131 fazla alkil grubuna bir alkoksi grubu ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li><li>Oksijene ba\u011fl\u0131 daha uzun alkil grubundaki karbon atomlar\u0131na, oksijenin oldu\u011fu taraftan itibaren numara verilir.<\/li><li>Daha uzun olan alkil grubu alkan gibi okunur; k\u0131sa alkil grubu, alkoksi (metoksi, etoksi&#8230;) olarak isimlendirilir.<\/li><li>Halkal\u0131 yap\u0131daki eterler adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken, sikloalkan\u0131n bir karbon atomunun yerine oksijen geldi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr ve &#8220;<em><strong>oksa<\/strong><\/em>&#8221; \u00f6n eki ile okunur.<\/li><li>Yayg\u0131n adland\u0131r\u0131lmada da ise oksijen atomuna ba\u011fl\u0131 gruplar\u0131n isimleri, alfabetik s\u0131raya g\u00f6re s\u00f6ylenir ve sonuna &#8220;eter&#8221; s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc eklenir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-12\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen eter bile\u015fiklerinin IUPAC ve yayg\u0131n isimlerine dikkat edelim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"152\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma.jpg\" alt=\"Eterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8011\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-300x91.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Eterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-13\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Eterlerin form\u00fcl\u00fc genelde do\u011frusal yaz\u0131l\u0131r:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"109\" class=\"wp-image-8020\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-Metoksietan.jpg\" alt=\"Metoksi Etan\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"217\" height=\"109\" class=\"wp-image-8022\" style=\"width: 217px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-Etoksietan.jpg\" alt=\"D\u0130etil Eter\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-14\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u0131sa ve uzun alkil grubuna dikkat:<\/strong><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"115\" class=\"wp-image-8023\" style=\"width: 250px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-Etoksipropan.jpg\" alt=\"Etoksipropan\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-15\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Alkil grubu ve aril grubu (fenil) de eter olu\u015fturabilir:<\/strong><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"176\" class=\"wp-image-8024\" style=\"width: 250px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-ter-butil-fenil-eter.jpg\" alt=\"ter-butil-fenil-eter\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-ter-butil-fenil-eter.jpg 328w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-ter-butil-fenil-eter-300x211.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-16\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Alkoksi grubu dal olarak da okunabilir:<\/strong><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"152\" class=\"wp-image-8027\" style=\"width: 250px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-2.jpg\" alt=\"Eterlerine Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-17\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Uzun olan alkil\/aril grubu numaraland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r:<\/strong><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"121\" class=\"wp-image-8028\" style=\"width: 250px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-3.jpg\" alt=\"Eterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-3.jpg 320w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Adlandirma-3-300x145.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Simetrik_ve_Asimetrik_Eterler\">Simetrik ve Asimetrik Eterler<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>R<sub>1<\/sub> ve R<sub>2<\/sub> ayn\u0131 ise bu etere <strong><em>basit (simetrik) eter<\/em><\/strong> denir, R<sub>1<\/sub> ve R<sub>2<\/sub> farkl\u0131 ise <em><strong>kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k (asimetrik) eter<\/strong><\/em> denir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"440\" height=\"124\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Simetrik-Asimetrik-Eter.jpg\" alt=\"Simetrik ve Asimetrik Eter\" class=\"wp-image-8014\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Simetrik-Asimetrik-Eter.jpg 440w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Simetrik-Asimetrik-Eter-300x85.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><figcaption>Simetrik ve Asimetrik Eter<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Eterlerin_Ozellikleri\">Eterlerin \u00d6zellikleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karbon say\u0131lar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan mono alkoller ile eterler izomerlerdir. Bu \u015fekildeki alkol ve eterlere fonksiyonel grup izomerleri denir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Alkoller-Fonksiyonel-Grup-Izomerleri.jpg\" alt=\"Eterler ve Alkoller Fonksiyonel Grup \u0130zomerleri Olu\u015ftururlar\" class=\"wp-image-8034\" width=\"-32\" height=\"-13\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Alkoller-Fonksiyonel-Grup-Izomerleri.jpg 425w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Alkoller-Fonksiyonel-Grup-Izomerleri-300x125.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><figcaption>Eterler ve Alkoller Fonksiyonel Grup \u0130zomerleri Olu\u015ftururlar<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Eterler; hidrojen ba\u011flar\u0131 kuramaz. Bu y\u00fczden, ayn\u0131 karbon say\u0131s\u0131ndaki alkollere g\u00f6re kaynama noktalar\u0131 ve sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckleri daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr<\/li><li>Eterler; polar molek\u00fcllerdir, karbon say\u0131s\u0131 azald\u0131k\u00e7a sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckleri artar.<\/li><li>Eterler \u00e7ok reaktif olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ya\u011flar, mumlar, plastikler ve vernikler gibi organik maddeler i\u00e7in iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Dietil eter, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan eterdir.<\/li><li>Dietil eter; anestezik (bay\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131) bir maddedir. Solunum yollar\u0131n\u0131 tahri\u015f eder ve mide bulant\u0131s\u0131 yapar.<\/li><li>Eterler \u00e7ok kararl\u0131 bile\u015fiklerdir. Bu y\u00fczden kimyasal tepkimelere girme istekleri azd\u0131r.<\/li><li>Simetrik eterler, alkollerin asidik ortamda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ile elde edilir:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"73\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Simetrik-Eterlerin-Eldesi.jpg\" alt=\"Simetrik Eter Eldesi\" class=\"wp-image-8036\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Simetrik-Eterlerin-Eldesi.jpg 700w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-Simetrik-Eterlerin-Eldesi-300x31.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>Simetrik Eter Eldesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Asimetrik eterler, alkolatlar\u0131n NaOH ile tepkimesinden elde edilir. Bu tepkimeye<em><strong> Williamson Sentezi<\/strong><\/em> denir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"108\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-ASimetrik-Eterlerin-Eldesi.jpg\" alt=\"Asimetrik Eterlerin Eldesi\" class=\"wp-image-8037\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-ASimetrik-Eterlerin-Eldesi.jpg 700w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Eterler-ASimetrik-Eterlerin-Eldesi-300x46.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>Williamson Sentezi: Asimetrik Eterlerin Eldesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Karbonil_Bilesikleri_Aldehit_ve_Ketonlar\">Karbonil Bile\u015fikleri (Aldehit ve Ketonlar)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"83\" height=\"98\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitler-Ketonler-Karbonil-Grubu.jpg\" alt=\"Karbonil Grubu\" class=\"wp-image-8043\"\/><figcaption>Karbonil Grubu<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karbonil bile\u015fiklerin fonksiyonel grubu, yukar\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz karbonil grubudur.<\/li><li>Karbonil grubunda, bir karbon atomu, bir oksijen atomu ile iki kovalent ba\u011f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Fonksiyonel grubu karbonil grubu olan bile\u015fikler; aldehit ve ketonlard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Aldehitlerde, karbonil grubuna en az bir tane H atomu da ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ketonlarda, karbonil gurubuna alkil gruplar\u0131 ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"258\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitler-Ketonler-Karbonil-Grubu-1.jpg\" alt=\"Aldehit ve Ketonlar\" class=\"wp-image-8044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitler-Ketonler-Karbonil-Grubu-1.jpg 400w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitler-Ketonler-Karbonil-Grubu-1-300x194.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption>Aldehit ve Ketonlar<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Aldehit ve ketonlar, bir\u00e7ok canl\u0131 sistemde bulunan, genellikle kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc kokular\u0131 olan bile\u015fiklerdir.<\/li><li>G\u00fcl\u00fcn, bademin, tar\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n, vanilyan\u0131n, limonun, bergamotun, nanenin, portakal \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finin, yasemin \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finin&#8230; kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc kokular\u0131, i\u00e7erdikleri aldehit ve ketonlardan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Aldehitlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Aldehitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Aldehitlerin IUPAC adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, karbonil grubunu i\u00e7eren en uzun karbon zinciri, ana zincir olarak se\u00e7ilir ve karbonile en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck numara gelecek \u015fekilde numaraland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ba\u011fl\u0131 gruplar\u0131n yerleri ve say\u0131lar\u0131 belirtilir.<\/li><li>Ana zincire kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen alkan\u0131n sonuna &#8220;<em><strong>-al<\/strong><\/em>&#8221; son eki getirilir (Aril grubu varsa adland\u0131rma aril grubuna g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r.).<\/li><li>Aldehitlerin yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan adlar\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Bu adlar\u0131nda, \u00f6zel ad\u0131n\u0131n sonuna <em><strong>-aldehit<\/strong><\/em> son eki getirilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen aldehitlerin IUPAC ve yayg\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Adlandirilmasi.jpg\" alt=\"Aldehitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8045\" width=\"600\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Adlandirilmasi.jpg 600w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-300x109.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Aldehitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Aldehitlerin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Aldehitlerin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ketonlar\u0131n genel form\u00fcl\u00fc <em><strong>C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n<\/sub>O<\/strong><\/em>&#8216;dur.<\/li><li>Aldehitler, karbonil grubunun oksijeninden dolay\u0131 polar yap\u0131l\u0131 bile\u015fiklerdir. Fakat; hidrojen ba\u011f\u0131 kuramazlar.<\/li><li>Hidrojen ba\u011f\u0131 kuramad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in, ayn\u0131 karbon say\u0131s\u0131ndaki alkol ve karboksilli asitlerden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama noktas\u0131na sahiptirler.<\/li><li>Sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckleri karbon say\u0131s\u0131 azald\u0131k\u00e7a artar.<\/li><li>Aldehitler kolayl\u0131kla y\u00fckseltgenerek organik asitlere (karboksilli asitlere) d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"178\" class=\"wp-image-8050\" style=\"width: 350px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi.jpg\" alt=\"Aldehitlerin Y\u00fckseltgenmesi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi.jpg 475w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi-300x152.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/li><li>Fehling ay\u0131rac\u0131, bazik ortamda bak\u0131r(II) iyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir \u00e7\u00f6zeltidir. Aldehitler, fehling \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi ile karboksilik aside y\u00fckseltgenirken bak\u0131r(II) iyonlar\u0131 bak\u0131r(I)\u2019e indirgenir ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkli bak\u0131r(I) oksit \u00e7\u00f6kele\u011fi olu\u015fur.<br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"621\" height=\"75\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Fehling-Cozeltisi-ile-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi.jpg\" alt=\"Aldehitlerin Fehling \u00c7\u00f6zeltisi ile Y\u00fckseltgenme Tepkimeleri\" class=\"wp-image-8051\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Fehling-Cozeltisi-ile-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi.jpg 621w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Fehling-Cozeltisi-ile-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi-300x36.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" \/><figcaption>Aldehitlerin Fehling \u00c7\u00f6zeltisi ile Y\u00fckseltgenme Tepkimeleri<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tollens ay\u0131rac\u0131, amonyakl\u0131 g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f nitrat \u00e7\u00f6zeltisidir. Tollens ay\u0131rac\u0131 ile tepkimeye giren aldehit, karboksilik aside y\u00fckseltgenirken g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f iyonlar\u0131 metalik g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fe indirgenir. Bu tepkimenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi cam kab\u0131n i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyi metalik g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ile kaplan\u0131r. Cam kaba d\u0131\u015ftan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ayna gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Buna <em><strong>g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f aynas\u0131<\/strong><\/em> ad\u0131 verilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"64\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Tolenz-Ayraci-ile-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi.jpg\" alt=\"Aldehitlerin Tolenz Ayrac\u0131 \u0130le Y\u00fckseltgenmesi\" class=\"wp-image-8052\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Tolenz-Ayraci-ile-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi.jpg 650w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Tolenz-Ayraci-ile-Yukseltgenme-Tepkimesi-300x30.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><figcaption>Aldehitlerin Tolenz Ayrac\u0131 \u0130le Y\u00fckseltgenmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Aldehit ve ketonlar\u0131n indirgenmesinde hidrojen kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak LiAlH<sub>4<\/sub> ve NaBH<sub>4<\/sub> kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Aldehitler uygun kataliz\u00f6rler ve indirgen maddelerle birincil alkollere indirgenir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte etanal, birincil alkol olan etanole indirgenmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"556\" height=\"247\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Indirgenme-Tepkimesi.jpg\" alt=\"Aldehitlerin \u0130ndirgenme Tepkimesi\" class=\"wp-image-8053\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Indirgenme-Tepkimesi.jpg 556w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aldehitlerin-Indirgenme-Tepkimesi-300x133.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" \/><figcaption>Aldehitlerin \u0130ndirgenme Tepkimesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ketonlarin_Adlandirilmasi\">Ketonlar\u0131n Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ketonlar\u0131n IUPAC adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, karbonil grubunun yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en uzun karbon zincirindeki karbon say\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen alkan\u0131n sonuna &#8220;<strong><em>\u2013on<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; son eki getirilir.<\/li><li>Karbonil grubuna en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck say\u0131 gelecek \u015fekilde karbon atomlar\u0131 numaraland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda karbonil grubundaki karbon atomunun numaras\u0131 belirtilir.<\/li><li>Ketonlar\u0131n yayg\u0131n adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, karbonil grubuna ba\u011fl\u0131 gruplar alfabetik s\u0131raya g\u00f6re s\u00f6ylenir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da baz\u0131 ketonlar ve adlar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"671\" height=\"219\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Adlandirilmasi.jpg\" alt=\"Ketonlar\u0131n Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8058\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Adlandirilmasi.jpg 671w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Adlandirilmasi-300x98.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 671px) 100vw, 671px\" \/><figcaption>Ketonlar\u0131n Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Birden fazla karbonil grubu i\u00e7eren ketonlar \u015f\u00f6yle adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Adlandirma-2.jpg\" alt=\"Ketonlar\u0131n Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8083\"\/><figcaption>Ketonlar\u0131n Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, farkl\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri olan ketonlar ve isimleri verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Adlandirilmasi-3.jpg\" alt=\"Ketonlar\u0131n Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8086\" width=\"530\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Adlandirilmasi-3.jpg 620w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Adlandirilmasi-3-300x247.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><figcaption>Ketonlar\u0131n Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ketonlarin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Ketonlar\u0131n Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ketonlar\u0131n genel form\u00fcl\u00fc <em><strong>C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n<\/sub>O<\/strong><\/em>&#8216;dur.<\/li><li>Aldehitlerin en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcyesi tek karbonlu iken (metanal), ketonlar\u0131n en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcyesi 3 karbonludur (aseton).<\/li><li>Karbonil grubuna ayn\u0131 alkil gruplar\u0131 ba\u011flan\u0131nca <em><strong>basit (simetrik) keton<\/strong><\/em>, farkl\u0131 alkil gruplar\u0131 ba\u011flan\u0131nca <em><strong>kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k (asimetrik) keton<\/strong><\/em> olu\u015fur.<\/li><li>Ketonlar, karbonil gurubundaki oksijen atomundan dolay\u0131 polar yap\u0131l\u0131 bile\u015fiklerdir.<\/li><li>Karbon say\u0131s\u0131 azald\u0131k\u00e7a sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckleri artar.<\/li><li>Hidrojen ba\u011f\u0131 kuramazlar. Bu y\u00fczden karbon say\u0131lar\u0131 e\u015fit olan alkol ve karboksilli asitlerden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama noktalar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ketonlar, y\u00fckseltgenme tepkimesi vermezler.<\/li><li>Ketonlar\u0131n indirgenmesinden ikincil alkoller elde edilir:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"181\" class=\"wp-image-8064\" style=\"width: 450px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Indirgenmesi.jpg\" alt=\"Ketonlar\u0131n \u0130ndirgenmesi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Indirgenmesi.jpg 610w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Indirgenmesi-300x121.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karbon say\u0131lar\u0131 e\u015fit bir aldehit ile bir keton molek\u00fcl\u00fc, birbirinin <em><strong>fonksiyonel grup izomeri<\/strong><\/em>dir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"401\" height=\"589\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Aldehitler-Fonksiyonel-Grup-Izomerleri.jpg\" alt=\"Aldehitler ve Ketonlar Fonksiyonel Grup \u0130zomerleri Olu\u015fturur\" class=\"wp-image-8067\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Aldehitler-Fonksiyonel-Grup-Izomerleri.jpg 401w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Ketonlarin-Aldehitler-Fonksiyonel-Grup-Izomerleri-204x300.jpg 204w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px\" \/><figcaption>Aldehitler ve Ketonlar Fonksiyonel Grup \u0130zomerleri Olu\u015fturur<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Karboksilli_Asitler\">Karboksilli Asitler<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"341\" height=\"86\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksil-Grubu-1.jpg\" alt=\"Karbonil Grubu\" class=\"wp-image-8071\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksil-Grubu-1.jpg 341w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksil-Grubu-1-300x76.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 341px) 100vw, 341px\" \/><figcaption>Karboksil Grubu<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karboksilik asitler, karboksil grubu (\u2013COOH) i\u00e7eren bile\u015fiklerdir. Genel form\u00fclleri RCOOH \u015feklindedir.<\/li><li>R grubu, hidrojen atomu olabilir.<\/li><li>Karboksilik asitlerin fonksiyonel grubu, karboksil grubudur.<\/li><li>Karboksilli asitlerin genel form\u00fcl\u00fc <em><strong>C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><\/em>&#8216;dir.<\/li><li>Polikarboksilik asitlerde iki karboksil grubu i\u00e7erenler <em>dikarboksilik <\/em>asit, \u00fc\u00e7 karboksil i\u00e7erenler <em>trikarboksilik <\/em>asit olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Karboksilli_Asitlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karboksilik asitlerin IUPAC adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, karboksil grubunun yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en uzun karbon zincirindeki karbon say\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen alkan\u0131n sonuna &#8220;<strong><em>-oik asit<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; son eki getirilir.<\/li><li>Numaraland\u0131rma i\u015flemine, karboksil grubuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olan karbon atomuna 1 numara vererek ba\u015flan\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ba\u015fka ba\u011fl\u0131 gruplar varsa bunlar\u0131n yerleri ve say\u0131lar\u0131 belirtilerek adland\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>IUPAC adlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7ok bilinen karboksilik asitlerin yayg\u0131n adlar\u0131 da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><li>Yayg\u0131n adland\u0131rma i\u00e7in <em>formik asit<\/em>, <em>asetik asit<\/em> ve <em>benzoik asit<\/em>, karboksilik asitler \u00f6rnek verilebilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-18\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tek karbonlu, iki karbonlu ve aromatik bir karboksilli asit \u00f6rne\u011fi verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"637\" height=\"284\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Adlandirma.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8072\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Adlandirma.jpg 637w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Adlandirma-300x134.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px\" \/><figcaption>Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-19\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Dall\u0131 bir karboksilli asit \u00f6rne\u011fi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"266\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Adlandirma-1.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8076\"\/><figcaption>Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-20\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4 ve 5 karbonlu asitler:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"301\" class=\"wp-image-8087\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-4.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 - B\u00fctanoik asit\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-4.jpg 250w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-4-219x300.jpg 219w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"248\" height=\"301\" class=\"wp-image-8088\" style=\"width: 248px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-5.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 - Pentanoik Asit\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-5.jpg 280w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-5-247x300.jpg 247w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 248px) 100vw, 248px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-21\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fenil grubu dal olarak okunuyor:<\/strong><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"178\" class=\"wp-image-8091\" style=\"width: 300px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-6.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-22\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aromatik bir asit:<br><\/strong><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"121\" class=\"wp-image-8094\" style=\"width: 150px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-7.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Mono_ve_Poli_Karboksilik_Asitler\">Mono ve Poli Karboksilik Asitler<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Yap\u0131s\u0131nda bir tane karboksil grubu bulunan karboksilik asitler <strong><em>monokarboksilik <\/em><\/strong>asitler, birden fazla karboksil grubu bulunanlar <strong><em>polikarboksilik <\/em><\/strong>asitler olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-23\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, <em>polikarboksilik<\/em> asitlere \u00f6rnekler verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-8.jpg\" alt=\"Polikarboksillik Asitler\" class=\"wp-image-8095\"\/><figcaption>Polikarboksillik Asitler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Hidroksiasitler\">Hidroksiasitler<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Yap\u0131s\u0131nda -OH grubu bulanan karboksilli asitlere <em><strong>hidroksiasitler<\/strong><\/em> denir.<\/li><li>Karboksil grubunun ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu karbon atomuna <em><strong>\u03b1 (alfa)<\/strong><\/em>, onun yan\u0131ndakine <em><strong>\u03b2 (beta)<\/strong><\/em>, onun yan\u0131ndakine <em><strong>\u03b3 (gama)<\/strong><\/em>&#8230; karbonu denir.<\/li><li>\u00d6zel adland\u0131rmada numara yerine; \u03b1 (alfa), \u03b2 (beta), \u03b3 (gama) harfleri kullan\u0131labilir:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"379\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-Alfa-Beta-Gama.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-Alfa-Beta-Gama.jpg 450w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-Alfa-Beta-Gama-300x253.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption>Karboksilli Asitlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Amino_Asitler\">Amino Asitler<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"178\" height=\"83\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Amino-Asitler.jpg\" alt=\"Amino Grubu\" class=\"wp-image-8102\"\/><figcaption>Amino Grubu<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Yap\u0131s\u0131nda amino grubu bulanan karboksilli asitlere <em><strong>amino asitler<\/strong><\/em> denir.<\/li><li>Amino grubu bazik \u00f6zellik g\u00f6sterir. Bu y\u00fczden amino asitler; hem asidik hem de bazik \u00f6zellik g\u00f6steren bile\u015fiklerdir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-24\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, amino asitlere \u00f6rnekler verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"369\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Amino-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi.jpg\" alt=\"Amino Asitler\" class=\"wp-image-8105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Amino-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Amino-Asitlerin-Adlandirilmasi-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption>Amino Asitler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Karboksilli_Asitlerin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Karboksilli Asitlerin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karboksil gurubu polar bir gruptur. Bu y\u00fczden karboksilli asitler suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrler.<\/li><li>Karboksil grubu, Hidrojen ba\u011f\u0131 (H-ba\u011f\u0131) kurma yetene\u011fi olan bir gruptur. <\/li><li>\u0130ki karboksilli asit molek\u00fcl\u00fc aras\u0131nda iki tane H-ba\u011f\u0131 kurulur.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"131\" class=\"wp-image-8109\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Hidrojen-Baglari.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin H-Ba\u011flar\u0131\"><\/li><li>H-ba\u011f\u0131 kurabildikleri i\u00e7in, H-ba\u011f\u0131 kuramayan e\u015fit say\u0131da karbonu olan bile\u015fiklerden daha y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131na sahiptirler.<\/li><li>Karboksil say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a, kaynama noktas\u0131 artar, sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck azal\u0131r.<\/li><li>Karboksilli asitler zay\u0131f asitlerdir. Zay\u0131f asitlerin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6zelliklerini g\u00f6sterirler.<\/li><li>Karbon say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a, karboksilli asidin asitlik kuvveti artar.<\/li><li>Karboksilli asitlerde, alfa karbonuna ba\u011fl\u0131 y\u00fcksek elektronegatif ametalin say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a asitlik kuvveti artar.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"132\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asitlik-Kuvveti.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin Kuvveti\" class=\"wp-image-8114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asitlik-Kuvveti.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asitlik-Kuvveti-300x72.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption>Karboksilli Asitlerin Kuvveti<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karboksilli asitler, di\u011fer asitler gibi aktif metallerle tepkimeye girerler. Sonu\u00e7ta tuz ve H<sub>2<\/sub> gaz\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"504\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asit-Metal-Tepkimeleri-2.jpg\" alt=\"Asit - Metal Tepkimeleri\" class=\"wp-image-8137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asit-Metal-Tepkimeleri-2.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asit-Metal-Tepkimeleri-2-298x300.jpg 298w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asit-Metal-Tepkimeleri-2-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Asit &#8211; Metal Tepkimeleri<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karboksilli asitler bir kademe indirgendi\u011finde <em><strong>aldehitler<\/strong><\/em>, iki kademe indirgendi\u011finde <strong><em>primer alkoller<\/em><\/strong> olu\u015fur.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"106\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Indirgenme-Tepkimeleri.jpg\" alt=\"Karboksilli Asitlerin \u0130ndirgenmesi\" class=\"wp-image-8122\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Indirgenme-Tepkimeleri.jpg 600w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitlerin-Indirgenme-Tepkimeleri-300x53.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Karboksilli Asitlerin \u0130ndirgenmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Baz\u0131 karboksilli asitlerin yayg\u0131n isimleri \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"587\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asitlerin-Yaygin-Adlari.jpg\" alt=\"Baz\u0131 Asitlerin Yayg\u0131n Adlar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asitlerin-Yaygin-Adlari.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asitlerin-Yaygin-Adlari-281x300.jpg 281w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption>Baz\u0131 Asitlerin Yayg\u0131n Adlar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karboksilli asitler y\u00fckseltgenmezler.<\/li><li>Formik asit; hem karboksilli asit hem de aldehit \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131r:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"152\" class=\"wp-image-8124\" style=\"width: 450px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Formik-Asit.jpg\" alt=\"Formik Asit Hem Asit Hem Aldehit \u00d6zelli\u011fi G\u00f6sterir\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Formik-Asit.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Formik-Asit-300x101.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/li><li><strong>Formik asit<\/strong>:<ul><li>Kar\u0131ncalarda ve \u0131s\u0131rgan otunda bulunur.<\/li><li><strong><em>Kar\u0131nca asidi<\/em><\/strong> olarak bilinir.<\/li><li>Kau\u00e7uk \u00fcretiminde, g\u0131da ve ila\u00e7 sanayiinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Asetik asit:<\/strong><ul><li>Sirke asidi olarak bilinir.<\/li><li>Yakla\u015f\u0131k %5&#8217;lik sulu \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi <em><strong>sirke<\/strong><\/em> olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Oksalik asit domates ve \u0131spanakta, b\u00fctirik asit tereya\u011f\u0131nda, propiyonik asit s\u00fctte, tartarik asit \u00fcz\u00fcmde, malik asit elmada, sitrik asit limonda bulunur.<\/li><li>Tartarik asit, malik asit ve sitrik asit <em><strong>meyve asitleri<\/strong><\/em> olarak bilinir.<\/li><li><strong>Sodyum benzoat<\/strong>:<ul><li>Benzoik asitin tuzudur.<\/li><li>G\u0131da katk\u0131 maddesi olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Zararl\u0131 mikroorganizmalar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr ve bozunmay\u0131 engeller.<\/li><li>\u015eampuan, t\u0131ra\u015f k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve parf\u00fcmde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Folik asit<\/strong>:<ul><li>B grubu vitaminlerindendir (B9).<\/li><li>Folik asit\u00e7e zengin baz\u0131 besin maddeleri asit, \u0131spanak gibi ye\u015fil yaprakl\u0131 sebzelerde bol miktarda bulunur.<\/li><li>Ayr\u0131ca alabal\u0131k, b\u00f6brek, f\u0131st\u0131k, brokoli, lahana, portakal ve tam tah\u0131ll\u0131lar folik asit\u00e7e zengindir.<\/li><li>DNA sentezinde gerekli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in folik asit, h\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynar.<\/li><li>Folik asit eksikli\u011finde h\u00fccreler yeterli \u015fekilde b\u00f6l\u00fcnemezler.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karboksilli asitlerin monoalkoller ile tepkimesinden esterler olu\u015fur. Bu tepkime, bir t\u00fcr kondenzasyon tepkimesidir:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"110\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Esterlesme-Tepkimesi.jpg\" alt=\"Esterle\u015fme Tepkimeleri\" class=\"wp-image-8127\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Esterlesme-Tepkimesi.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Esterlesme-Tepkimesi-300x60.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption>Esterle\u015fme Tepkimeleri<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0130ki tane monokarboksilli asit molek\u00fcl\u00fcnden bir tane su molek\u00fcl\u00fc \u00e7ekilirse, bir asit anhidrit molek\u00fcl\u00fc olu\u015fur:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"286\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asit-Anhidrit-Eldesi.jpg\" alt=\"2 Mol Asitten 1 Mol Su \u00c7ekilmesi - Asitanhidrit Eldesi\" class=\"wp-image-8135\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asit-Anhidrit-Eldesi.jpg 700w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Asit-Anhidrit-Eldesi-300x123.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>2 Mol Asitten 1 Mol Su \u00c7ekilmesi &#8211; Asitanhidrit Eldesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yag_Asitleri\">Ya\u011f Asitleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Canl\u0131 organizmalar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir role sahip <strong><em>ya\u011f asitleri<\/em><\/strong> de karboksilik asitlere \u00f6rnektir.<\/li><li>Ya\u011f asitleri uzun karbon zinciri i\u00e7eren karboksilik asitlerdir.<\/li><li>Bunlar <em><strong>doymu\u015f ve doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitleri<\/strong><\/em> olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ya\u011f asitlerinde karbon zincirindeki karbon atomlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ikili ba\u011f (C = C) varsa bu t\u00fcr ya\u011f asitleri doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitleri olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Karbon atomlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda sadece tekli ba\u011f (C\u2013 C) bulunduran (ikili ba\u011f bulundurmayan) ya\u011f asitleri de doymu\u015f ya\u011f asitleri olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri.jpg\" alt=\"Doymu\u015f ve Doymam\u0131\u015f Ya\u011f Asitleri\" class=\"wp-image-8147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri.jpg 600w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri-300x85.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Doymu\u015f ve Doymam\u0131\u015f Ya\u011f Asitleri<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Doymu\u015f ya\u011f asitlerinin erime noktalar\u0131, doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitlerinden daha y\u00fcksektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc; doymu\u015f ya\u011f asitlerinde van der Waals kuvvetleri daha etkindir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"271\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri-Tablo.jpg\" alt=\"Doymu\u015f ve Doymam\u0131\u015f Ya\u011f Asitlerine \u00d6rnekler\" class=\"wp-image-8148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri-Tablo.jpg 700w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri-Tablo-300x116.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>Doymu\u015f ve Doymam\u0131\u015f Ya\u011f Asitlerine \u00d6rnekler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sabun, bir ya\u011f asidi tuzudur. Kat\u0131 sabunun ad\u0131 <em><strong>sodyum stearat<\/strong><\/em>t\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"95\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri-Sabun.jpg\" alt=\"Sodyum Stearat (Kat\u0131 Sabun)\" class=\"wp-image-8152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri-Sabun.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Doymus-Doymamis-Yag-Asitleri-Sabun-300x57.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Sodyum Stearat (Kat\u0131 Sabun)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Esterler\">Esterler<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"161\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler.jpg\" alt=\"Esterler\" class=\"wp-image-8156\"\/><figcaption>Esterler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>R<sub>1<\/sub>CO<sub>2<\/sub>R<sub>2<\/sub> ya da R<sub>1<\/sub>COOR<sub>2<\/sub> genel form\u00fcl\u00fcndeki bile\u015fiklerdir.<\/li><li>Esterlerde fonksiyonel grup, \u2013CO<sub>2<\/sub> ya da \u2013COO grubudur.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"154\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Fonksiyonel-Grup.jpg\" alt=\"Esterlerin Fonksiyonel Gruplar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8159\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Fonksiyonel-Grup.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Fonksiyonel-Grup-300x92.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Esterlerin Fonksiyonel Gruplar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Esterlerin genel form\u00fcl\u00fc <strong><em>C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>&#8216;dir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Esterlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Esterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Esterlerin IUPAC adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda:<ul><li>fonksiyonel grubun oksijen atomuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olan alkilin ad\u0131 belirtilir<\/li><li>\u201c<strong><em>-COO<\/em><\/strong>\u201d grubunun yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en uzun karbon zincirindeki karbon say\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen alkan\u0131n sonuna <em><strong>-oat<\/strong><\/em> son eki getirilir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Yayg\u0131n adland\u0131rma i\u00e7in <em>etil asetat<\/em> ve <em>metil asetat<\/em> \u00f6rnek verilebilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-25\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnekleri inceleyiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"235\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma.jpg\" alt=\"Esterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma-300x141.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Esterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"421\" height=\"220\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma-2.jpg\" alt=\"Etil Asetat\" class=\"wp-image-8169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma-2.jpg 421w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma-2-300x157.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 421px) 100vw, 421px\" \/><figcaption>Etil Asetat<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Esterler bir\u00e7ok meyvenin g\u00fczel kokmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bile\u015fiklerdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin muzun kendine has g\u00fczel kokusu izopentil asetat, portakal\u0131n g\u00fczel kokusu ise n -oktil asetat molek\u00fcllerinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, muzun yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki izopentil asetat ile portakal\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131daki n-oktil asetat bile\u015fikleri verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"222\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma-3.jpg\" alt=\"Esterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma-3.jpg 700w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Adlandirma-3-300x95.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>Esterlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Esterlerin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozellikleri\">Esterlerin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Karboksilik asit molek\u00fcl\u00fc ile bir alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fc tepkimeye girdi\u011finde ester elde edilir. Bu tepkimede ester molek\u00fcl\u00fc ile birlikte su molek\u00fcl\u00fc de olu\u015fur. Bu t\u00fcr tepkimeler <em><strong>esterle\u015fme tepkimeleri<\/strong><\/em> olarak bilinir.<\/li><li>Esterle\u015fme tepkimeleri H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub> ya da HCl kataliz\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki esterle\u015fme tepkimesinde <em>metil etanoat<\/em> esteri olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"110\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Esterlesme-Tepkimesi.jpg\" alt=\"Esterle\u015fme Tepkimeleri\" class=\"wp-image-8127\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Esterlesme-Tepkimesi.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Karboksilli-Asitler-Esterlesme-Tepkimesi-300x60.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption>Esterle\u015fme Tepkimeleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Esterler, kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131nda da do\u011fal olarak bulunur. Ya\u011flar, ya\u011f asitlerinin gliserin molek\u00fcl\u00fc ile esterle\u015fme tepkimesi sonucunda elde edilir.<\/li><li>Hayvansal ya\u011f olan tristearin, gliserin ve stearik asidin esterle\u015fme tepkimesi sonucunda olu\u015fan bir esterdir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"241\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterlerlesme-Tepkimeleri.jpg\" alt=\"Ya\u011f (Tristearin) Eldesi\" class=\"wp-image-8181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterlerlesme-Tepkimeleri.jpg 700w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterlerlesme-Tepkimeleri-300x103.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>Ya\u011f (Tristearin) Eldesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Esterler; lanolin, bal mumu ve balsam gibi do\u011fal maddelerin yap\u0131s\u0131nda da bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"182\" height=\"181\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Lanolin.jpg\" alt=\"Koyun y\u00fcn\u00fcnden elde edilen lanolin\" class=\"wp-image-8182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Lanolin.jpg 182w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Lanolin-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 182px) 100vw, 182px\" \/><figcaption>Koyun y\u00fcn\u00fcnden\nelde edilen lanolin<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Lanolin, y\u00fcnl\u00fc hayvanlar\u0131n iklim ve \u00e7evre ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan korunmak i\u00e7in ya\u011f bezelerinden salg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131 mumsu \u00f6zellikte bir maddedir.<\/li><li>\u00d6zellikle koyun y\u00fcn\u00fcnden \u00fcretilen lanolin;<ul><li>kozmetik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ki\u015fisel bak\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. (cilt bak\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, dudak kremi, y\u00fcz kremi gibi).<\/li><li>Ayr\u0131ca ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 madde, pas \u00f6nleyici madde ve ayakkab\u0131 cilas\u0131 gibi baz\u0131 ticari \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde lanolin kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bal mumu, ar\u0131lar\u0131n peteklerini yapmak i\u00e7in salg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131 yumu\u015fak, sar\u0131 renkte ve mumsu bir maddedir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"347\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Bal-Mumu-ve-Bal-Petegi.jpg\" alt=\"Bal Pete\u011fi ve Bal Mumu\" class=\"wp-image-8186\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Bal-Mumu-ve-Bal-Petegi.jpg 450w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Esterler-Bal-Mumu-ve-Bal-Petegi-300x231.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption>a. Palmitik asidin bir esteri olan triakontil palmitat (CH3 (CH<sub>2<\/sub>)<sub>14<\/sub>COO(CH<sub>2<\/sub>)<sub>29<\/sub>CH3), ar\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi<br>bal mumunun bile\u015fenlerinden biridir.<br>b. Bal mumu, mum yap\u0131m\u0131nda da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Bal mumu<\/strong>;<ul><li>Sadece do\u011fal olarak ar\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen bir madde de\u011fildir.<\/li><li>Sanayide de yapay olarak \u00fcretilebilmektedir. Kolay \u015fekil almas\u0131 nedeniyle kal\u0131p \u00e7\u0131karmada, mum ve heykel yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>G\u0131da sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde baz\u0131 g\u0131dalar\u0131n bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek ve bu g\u0131dalar\u0131 nemden korumak i\u00e7in bal mumu kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bal mumu g\u0131da katk\u0131 maddesi olarak da baz\u0131 g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (g\u0131da kodu, E901).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Balsam<\/strong>;<ul><li>Ester, karboksilik asit ve alkol bile\u015fiklerini i\u00e7eren bir t\u00fcr re\u00e7inedir. Baz\u0131 bitkilerden elde edilen balsam, v\u00fccut i\u00e7in gerekli ya\u011flar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmede kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ayr\u0131ca kozmetik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ve sak\u0131z \u00fcretiminde de balsam kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Esterler g\u00fczel kokulu ve tatl\u0131 maddeler olmalar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131larda ve parf\u00fcm \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Esterler; boya, vernik ve baz\u0131 plastik maddeleri \u00e7\u00f6zmeye de yarar.<\/li><li>\u00d6rne\u011fin etil asetat, boya ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 maddelere \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ve seyreltici etki yapar.<\/li><li>\u015eekerlemelerde ve parf\u00fcmlerde kullan\u0131lan etil asetat, t\u0131rnak boyas\u0131n\u0131n temizlenmesinde kullan\u0131lan asetonun i\u00e7ine de kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Aminler\">Aminler<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"130\" height=\"96\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aminler.jpg\" alt=\"Aminler\" class=\"wp-image-8194\"\/><figcaption>Aminler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Aminler, amonya\u011f\u0131n (NH<sub>3<\/sub>) organik t\u00fcrevi olarak ifade edilebilir (alkol ve eterlerin suyun organik t\u00fcrevleri oldu\u011fu gibi).<\/li><li>Aminlerin genel form\u00fclleri <strong><em>R &#8211; NH<sub>2<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>&#8216;dir. Bir alkil grubuna (<strong><em>\u2013R<\/em><\/strong>), bir amino grubu (<strong>-NH<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong>) ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ile aminler elde edilir.<\/li><li>Amino grubunda azot atomundaki hidrojen atomlar\u0131 yerine alkil gruplar\u0131 da ba\u011flanabilir.<\/li><li>Aminlerde fonksiyonel grup, ortaklanmam\u0131\u015f elektron \u00e7ifti i\u00e7eren azot atomudur.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"193\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aminlerin-Fonksiyonel-Gruplari.jpg\" alt=\"Aminlerin Fonksiyonel Gruplar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aminlerin-Fonksiyonel-Gruplari.jpg 550w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aminlerin-Fonksiyonel-Gruplari-300x105.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption>Aminlerin Fonksiyonel Gruplar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Aminlerin_Adlandirilmasi\">Aminlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>IUPAC adland\u0131rmas\u0131, bir alkil grubuna, bir amino grubu ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr ve alkanlar \u00fczerinden adland\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Azot atomuna birden fazla alkil ba\u011fl\u0131 ise karbon say\u0131s\u0131 fazla olan alkile kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen alkana g\u00f6re adland\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r. Di\u011fer alkil gruplar\u0131, azot atomuna ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ba\u015f\u0131na &#8220;<strong><em>N\u2013<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; \u00f6n eki getirilerek alfabetik s\u0131raya g\u00f6re s\u00f6ylenir.<\/li><li>Aminlerin yayg\u0131n adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda ise azot atomuna ba\u011fl\u0131 organik gruplar alfabetik s\u0131raya g\u00f6re s\u00f6ylenir (Aralar\u0131nda bo\u015fluk b\u0131rakmadan yaz\u0131l\u0131r.).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek-26\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnekleri inceleyiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"395\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aminler-Aminlerin-Adlandirilmasi-2.jpg\" alt=\"Aminlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aminler-Aminlerin-Adlandirilmasi-2.jpg 395w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/02\/Organik-Bilesikler-Fonksiyonel-Gruplar-Aminler-Aminlerin-Adlandirilmasi-2-222x300.jpg 222w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 395px) 100vw, 395px\" \/><figcaption>Aminlerin Adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Fonksiyonel Gruplar&#8221;, bir AYT Kimya konusu olan &#8220;Organik Bile\u015fikler&#8221; \u00fcnitesinin 2. b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu deste, &#8220;Fonksiyonel Gruplar&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, sade bir dille anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[215],"class_list":["post-7905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-organik-bilesikler","tag-fonksiyonel-gruplar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7905","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7905"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7905\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7905"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7905"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7905"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}