{"id":4785,"date":"2020-12-11T01:22:08","date_gmt":"2020-12-10T22:22:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/?p=4785"},"modified":"2022-04-03T01:01:12","modified_gmt":"2022-04-02T22:01:12","slug":"2-olusum-entalpisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/ayt-kimya\/kimyasal-tepkimelerde-enerji\/2-olusum-entalpisi\/","title":{"rendered":"2. Olu\u015fum Entalpisi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Enerji\">Enerji<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Entalpi_H\">Entalpi (H)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Entalpi_Degisimi_H\">Entalpi De\u011fi\u015fimi (\u0394H)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Entalpi_Degisimi_H_Icin_Bir_Benzetme\">Entalpi De\u011fi\u015fimi (\u0394H) \u0130\u00e7in Bir Benzetme<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Olusum_Entalpisi_Hool\">Olu\u015fum Entalpisi (\u0394Hool)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Standart_Kosullar_veya_Oda_Kosullari\">Standart Ko\u015fullar veya Oda Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Elementlerin_Molar_Olusum_Isilari_Hool\">Elementlerin Molar Olu\u015fum Is\u0131lar\u0131 (\u0394Hool)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Elementlerin_Allotroplarinin_8220Olusum_Isilari8221\">Elementlerin Allotroplar\u0131n\u0131n &#8220;Olu\u015fum Is\u0131lar\u0131&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bilesiklerin_8220Standart_Olusum_Entalpileri8221_Hool\">Bile\u015fiklerin &#8220;Standart Olu\u015fum Entalpileri&#8221; (\u0394Hool)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#I_Bazen_bilesiklerin_8220standart_olusum_entalpileri8221_hazir_olarak_verilir\">I) Bazen, bile\u015fiklerin &#8220;standart olu\u015fum entalpileri&#8221; haz\u0131r olarak verilir:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#II_Bazen_de_bilesiklerin_elementlerinden_olustugu_tepkimelerine_bakarak_biz_buluruz\">II) Bazen de bile\u015fiklerin, elementlerinden olu\u015ftu\u011fu tepkimelerine bakarak, biz buluruz:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Standart_Tepkime_Entalpileri_Ho\">Standart Tepkime Entalpileri (\u0394Ho)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-2\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-3\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-4\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-5\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Tepkime_Isisinin_H_Diger_Adlari\">Tepkime Is\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n (\u0394H) Di\u011fer Adlar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek-6\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Tepkime_Isisi_H_ile_Kimyasal_Hesaplamalar\">Tepkime Is\u0131s\u0131 (\u0394H) ile Kimyasal Hesaplamalar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ogretici_Ornek\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Tepkime_Isisi_Tepkime_Entalpisi_8211_H_Nelere_Baglidir\">Tepkime Is\u0131s\u0131 (Tepkime Entalpisi &#8211; \u0394H) Nelere Ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<p>&#8220;<strong>Olu\u015fum Entalpisi<\/strong>&#8221; kavram\u0131n\u0131 anlayabilmek i\u00e7in, \u00f6ncelikle &#8220;<strong><em>Entalpi<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; kavram\u0131n\u0131 anlamak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;<em>Entalpi<\/em>&#8221; kavram\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in de, &#8220;<strong><em>enerji<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; kavram\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir fikrimizin olmas\u0131 gerekir. O zaman gelin, \u00f6nce, <em>enerji<\/em> kavram\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Enerji\">Enerji<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>En basit tan\u0131m\u0131 ile enerji; i\u015f yapabilme kapasitedir.<\/li><li>Enerjinin; k\u00fctlesi, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da hacmi yada bunun gibi \u00f6zellikleri yoktur. Bu y\u00fczden enerji elle tutulur, somut bir \u015fey de\u011fildir.<\/li><li>Enerjinin bir \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 formu vard\u0131r. Bunlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<ul><li><strong>Is\u0131 enerjisi (Q)<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Ba\u011f Enerjisi<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Entalpi (H)<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Potansiyel Enerji (E<sub>p<\/sub> veya PE)<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Kinetik Enerji (E<sub>k<\/sub>)<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u0130\u00e7 Enerji (U)<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Elektrik Enerjisi<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Kimyasal Enerji<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>N\u00fckleer Enerji<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Ses enerjisi<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>I\u015f\u0131k enerjisi<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Manyetik Enerji<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Kimyasal tepkimeler, genellikle, <strong>\u0131s\u0131 enerjisi<\/strong>, <strong>elektrik<\/strong> ya da <strong>\u0131\u015f\u0131k enerjisi<\/strong> ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Entalpi_H\">Entalpi (H)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Entalpi, <strong>&#8220;\u0131s\u0131 kapsam\u0131&#8221;<\/strong> olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>Entalpi &#8220;<strong>H<\/strong>&#8221; sembol\u00fc ile g\u00f6sterilen bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/li><li><strong>Entalpi (H), bir maddenin depolad\u0131\u011f\u0131 her t\u00fcrden enerjinin toplam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><ul><li>Bir maddenin entalpisini hesaplamak i\u00e7in; atomlar\u0131nda, atomlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekirdeklerinde, elektronlar\u0131nda, atomlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flarda,&#8230; depolanan b\u00fct\u00fcn enerjiyi hesaplay\u0131p, hepsini toplamak gerekir ki bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/li><li>Yani; bir maddenin entalpisini (H) hesaplamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Entalpi_Degisimi_H\">Entalpi De\u011fi\u015fimi (\u0394H)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Entalpi, her ne kadar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemeyen bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck olsa da, <strong><em>entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi<\/em><\/strong> (\u0394H), <strong><em>hesaplanabilir<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><li>Entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi &#8220;<strong><em>\u0394H<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; ile g\u00f6sterilir.<\/li><li>Entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi; bir maddenin <strong><em>ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/em><\/strong>ya da <strong><em>verdi\u011fi enerjidir<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><li>Yani, \u0394H de\u011feri; maddelerin sahip oldu\u011fu enerjiyi de\u011fil, <strong><em>enerjilerinin <\/em><\/strong>ne kadar <strong><em>artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em><\/strong> ya da <strong><em>azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Merakl\u0131ysan T\u0131kla<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\"><span id=\"Entalpi_Degisimi_H_Icin_Bir_Benzetme\">Entalpi De\u011fi\u015fimi (\u0394H) \u0130\u00e7in Bir Benzetme<\/span><\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2f5;color:#790404\">Entalpiyi hesaplamadan, entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi nas\u0131l hesaplanabilir?<br><br>Bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn miktar\u0131n\u0131 bilmeden, bu b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki de\u011fi\u015fimin miktar\u0131n\u0131 bilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bunun nas\u0131l m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu, basit bir benzetme ile anlayal\u0131m:<br><br>Cebimizde bir deste para var ama; saymaya \u00fc\u015fendik veya unuttuk, bu y\u00fczden de ka\u00e7 liram\u0131z\u0131n oldu\u011funu bilmiyoruz diyelim. Sonra, karde\u015fimizi g\u00f6rd\u00fck ve elimizi cebimize atarak, destenin aras\u0131ndan, elimize gelen bir 50 TL&#8217;yi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p karde\u015fimize verdik diyelim. \u015eimdi, sorsalar, hala cebimizdeki paran\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131 bilemeyiz fakat; 50 TL azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, param\u0131zdaki de\u011fi\u015fimin -50 TL oldu\u011funu biliriz. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, karde\u015fimiz bize 50 TL verseydi ve bu paray\u0131 cebimize atsayd\u0131k, yine cebimizde toplam paray\u0131 bilemezdik fakat; param\u0131z\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini ve de\u011fi\u015fimin +50 TL oldu\u011funu bilirdik.<br><br>Entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi (\u0394H) de aynen bu mant\u0131kla hesaplan\u0131r. Maddelerin, sahip olduklar\u0131 toplam enerji (H) bilinmese de ald\u0131klar\u0131 ya da verdikleri enerji (\u0131s\u0131) hesaplanabilir ve bu de\u011fi\u015fim, \u0394H de\u011feri olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Olusum_Entalpisi_Hool\">Olu\u015fum Entalpisi (\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub>)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1 mol maddenin, standart ko\u015fullarda, elementlerinden olu\u015fmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda al\u0131nan verilen enerjiye <strong><em>molar olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong> denir.<\/li><li><strong>Molar olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>na, standart ko\u015fullarda hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in; &#8220;<strong><em>standart olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; veya &#8220;<strong><em>standart olu\u015fum entalpisi<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; de denir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0394H<\/strong>: Tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 veya tepkime entalpisi demektir.<\/li><li><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong>: Standart ko\u015fullarda hesaplanm\u0131\u015f tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 demektir.<\/li><li><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong>: Standart ko\u015fullarda hesaplanan molar olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 demektir.<\/li><li>&#8220;<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong>&#8221; ve &#8220;<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>f<\/sub><\/strong>&#8221; ayn\u0131 \u015feylerdir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Standart_Kosullar_veya_Oda_Kosullari\">Standart Ko\u015fullar veya Oda Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>Standart ko\u015fullar<\/em><\/strong> demek, 25<sup>o<\/sup>C s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve 1 atm d\u0131\u015f bas\u0131n\u00e7 demektir.<ul><li>Standart ko\u015fullara &#8220;<strong><em>Oda Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; da denir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Elementlerin_Molar_Olusum_Isilari_Hool\">Elementlerin <em>Molar Olu\u015fum Is\u0131lar\u0131<\/em> (\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub>)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Elementler, en temel maddelerdir ve <strong><em>standart ko\u015fullarda<\/em><\/strong>, olu\u015fum entalpileri <strong><em>s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>.<ul><li>Elementler i\u00e7in: \u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub> = 0 kj\/mol<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elementler standart ko\u015fullarda de\u011filse, olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rdan farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<ul><li>Mesela; oksijen elementi (O<sub>2<\/sub>), <em>standart ko\u015fullarda<\/em> gaz halindedir. Bu y\u00fczden, oksijen gaz\u0131n\u0131n \u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub> de\u011feri s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r:<ul><li><strong>O<sub>2(g)<\/sub> i\u00e7in \u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub> = 0<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Fakat; oksijen elementinin s\u0131v\u0131 ya da kat\u0131 halinden bahsediyorsak, art\u0131k standart ko\u015fullardan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f\u0131z demektir. Oksijen gaz\u0131, kat\u0131 ya da s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7erken enerji verir ve entalpisi azal\u0131r, bu y\u00fczden, kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 oksijenin olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rdan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr:<ul><li><strong>O<sub>2(s)<\/sub> i\u00e7in \u0394H<sub>ol<\/sub> &lt; 0<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>O<sub>2(k)<\/sub> i\u00e7in \u0394H<sub>ol<\/sub> &lt; 0<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Di\u011fer elementlerin de t\u0131pk\u0131 oksijen elementi gibi, standart ko\u015fullardaki fiziksel halleri i\u00e7in olu\u015fum entalpileri s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r. Mesela Fe (demir) elementinin olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<ul><li><strong>Fe<sub>(k)<\/sub> = O (Tabiatta kat\u0131 halde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in)<\/strong><\/li><li>Fe<sub><strong>(s)<\/strong><\/sub> &gt; O<\/li><li>Fe<sub><strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub> &gt; 0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Elementlerin_Allotroplarinin_8220Olusum_Isilari8221\">Elementlerin Allotroplar\u0131n\u0131n &#8220;Olu\u015fum Is\u0131lar\u0131&#8221;<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Allotroplar, element atomlar\u0131n\u0131n, fakl\u0131 \u015fekillerde dizilmesi ile olu\u015fan farkl\u0131 maddelerdir.<\/li><li>Baz\u0131 <strong><em>allotrop \u00f6rnekleri<\/em><\/strong> \u015funlard\u0131r:<ul><li><strong><em>Oksijenin <\/em><\/strong>allotroplar\u0131: O<sub>2<\/sub> &#8211; O<sub>3<\/sub><\/li><li><strong><em>Fosfor <\/em><\/strong>elementinin allotroplar\u0131: <em>Beyaz fosfor<\/em> &#8211; <em>K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 fosfor<\/em><\/li><li><strong><em>Karbon <\/em><\/strong>elementinin allotroplar\u0131: <em>Grafit <\/em>&#8211; <em>Elmas <\/em>&#8211; <em>Fullerenler<\/em><\/li><li><strong><em>K\u00fck\u00fcrt <\/em><\/strong>elementinin allotroplar\u0131: <em>Rombik k\u00fck\u00fcrt<\/em> &#8211; <em>Monoklin k\u00fck\u00fcrt<\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Allotroplar\u0131n, <strong><em>do\u011fal olanlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/em><\/strong>, standart olu\u015fum entalpileri <strong><em>s\u0131f\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>, di\u011ferlerinin ise s\u0131f\u0131rdan farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8211; O<sub>2<\/sub> (Oksijen) ve O<sub>3<\/sub> (Ozon)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>O<sub>3<\/sub> gaz\u0131n\u0131n standart olu\u015fum entalpisi s\u0131f\u0131rdan b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr:<ul><li>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol[ozon gaz\u0131]<\/sub> &gt; 0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong><em>O<sub>2<\/sub> gaz\u0131, do\u011fal bir element<\/em><\/strong> oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in standart olu\u015fum entalpisi <strong><em>s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>:<ul><li>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol[oksijen gaz\u0131]<\/sub> = 0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8211; Grafit ve Elmas<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Grafit ve elmas, karbon elementinin iki allotropudur.<ul><li><strong>Grafitin<\/strong>, <strong>do\u011fal <\/strong>bir element oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, standart olu\u015fum entalpisi <strong><em>s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>:<ul><li>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol[grafit]<\/sub> = 0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elmas\u0131n, standart olu\u015fum entalpisi s\u0131f\u0131rdan b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr:<ul><li>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol[elmas]<\/sub> &gt; 0<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Bilesiklerin_8220Standart_Olusum_Entalpileri8221_Hool\">Bile\u015fiklerin &#8220;Standart Olu\u015fum Entalpileri&#8221; (\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub>)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bile\u015fiklerin standart olu\u015fum entalpileri; iki farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"I_Bazen_bilesiklerin_8220standart_olusum_entalpileri8221_hazir_olarak_verilir\">I) Bazen, bile\u015fiklerin &#8220;standart olu\u015fum entalpileri&#8221; haz\u0131r olarak verilir:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda, bir\u00e7ok bile\u015fi\u011fin ve baz\u0131 elementlerin standart \u015fartlarda molar olu\u015fum entalpileri verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"468\" height=\"513\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Kimyasal-Tepkimelerde-Enerji-Olusum-Isilari.jpg\" alt=\"Baz\u0131 Maddelerin Standart Olu\u015fum Is\u0131lar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-8665\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Kimyasal-Tepkimelerde-Enerji-Olusum-Isilari.jpg 468w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Kimyasal-Tepkimelerde-Enerji-Olusum-Isilari-274x300.jpg 274w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/><figcaption>Baz\u0131 Maddelerin Standart Olu\u015fum Is\u0131lar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"II_Bazen_de_bilesiklerin_elementlerinden_olustugu_tepkimelerine_bakarak_biz_buluruz\">II) Bazen de bile\u015fiklerin, elementlerinden olu\u015ftu\u011fu tepkimelerine bakarak, biz buluruz:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Girenler element ise, tepkimenin <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> de\u011feri, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131s\u0131na e\u015fittir.<ul><li>Bile\u015fikler, elementlerin kimyasal tepkimler ile birle\u015fmesi sonucu olu\u015fur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, baz\u0131 bile\u015fiklerin, elementlerinden <strong><em>olu\u015fum (sentez)<\/em><\/strong> tepkimeleri verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/em><\/strong> (Karbon dioksit) gaz\u0131n\u0131n standart <strong><em>olu\u015fum <\/em><\/strong>tepkimesi:<ul><li>C<sub>(k)<\/sub> + O<sub>2(g)<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> CO<sub>2(g)<\/sub><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong><em>H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/em><\/strong> (Dihidrojen monooksit) s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n standart <strong><em>olu\u015fum<\/em><\/strong> tepkimesi:<ul><li>H<sub>2(g)<\/sub> + 1\/2O<sub>2(g)<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>(s)<\/sub><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong><em>HCl <\/em><\/strong>(Hidroklorik asit) gaz\u0131n\u0131n standart <strong><em>olu\u015fum <\/em><\/strong>tepkimesi:<ul><li>H<sub>2(g)<\/sub> + Cl<sub>2(g)<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> 2HCl<sub>(g)<\/sub><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir <strong><em>bile\u015fi\u011fin<\/em><\/strong>, standart ko\u015fullarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen <strong><em>olu\u015fum tepkimesinin<\/em><\/strong> <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> de\u011ferini biliyorsak, o bile\u015fi\u011fin <strong><em>standart olu\u015fum entalpisini<\/em><\/strong> (<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong>) biliyoruz demektir; bu iki de\u011fer birbirine <strong><em>e\u015fittir<\/em><\/strong>. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bu kural\u0131n \u00f6rnekleri verilmi\u015ftir:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>CO<sub>2<\/sub> gaz\u0131n\u0131n standart olu\u015fum tepkimesine bakarak, <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong> de\u011ferine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi karar veririz:<br><br>C<sub>(k)<\/sub> + O<sub>2(g)<\/sub> \u2192 CO<sub>2(g)<\/sub> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> = <strong>-393,5<\/strong> kj\/mol<br><br>tepkimesi verilir ise;<br><br><em>CO<sub>2(g)<\/sub><\/em> i\u00e7in \u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub> = <strong>-393,5<\/strong> kj\/mol<br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>H<sub>2<\/sub>O s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n standart olu\u015fum tepkimesine bakarak, <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong> de\u011ferine, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi karar veririz:<br><br>H<sub>2(g)<\/sub> + 1\/2O<sub>2(g)<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>(s)<\/sub> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> = <strong>-285,8<\/strong> kj\/mol tepkimesi verilir ise;<br><br><strong><em>H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>(s)<\/sub><\/em><\/strong> i\u00e7in <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong> = <strong>-285,8 <\/strong>kj\/mol olur.<br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>HCl gaz\u0131n\u0131n standart olu\u015fum tepkimesine bakarak, <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong> de\u011ferine, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi karar veririz:<br><br>H<sub>2(g)<\/sub> + Cl<sub>2(g)<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> <strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">2<\/span><\/strong>HCl<sub>(g)<\/sub> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = -184,6 kj\/mol<\/strong> tepkimesi verilir ise;<br><br><em><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">2<\/span>HCl<sub>(g)<\/sub><\/strong><\/em> i\u00e7in <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong> = -184,6 kj\/mol oldu\u011fundan<br><br><strong><em>HCl<sub>(g)<\/sub><\/em><\/strong> i\u00e7in <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong> = -184,6 \/ <strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">2<\/span><\/strong> = -92,3 kj\/mol<br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>HCl \u00f6rne\u011finden anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki, olu\u015fum tepkimesinde, bile\u015fi\u011fin <strong><em>katsay\u0131s\u0131 birden farkl\u0131 ise<\/em><\/strong>, tepkimenin <strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><\/strong> de\u011ferini, bile\u015fi\u011fin katsay\u0131s\u0131na <strong><em>b\u00f6lmemiz gerekiyor<\/em><\/strong>. Bu i\u015flemi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ancak, bile\u015fi\u011fin &#8220;<em>standart <strong>molar <\/strong>olu\u015fum entalpisini<\/em>&#8221; bulmu\u015f oluyoruz.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Standart_Tepkime_Entalpileri_Ho\">Standart Tepkime Entalpileri (\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup>)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir tepkimenin, standart ko\u015fullardaki entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi i\u00e7in \u015fu isimler kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<ul><li><strong><em>Standart Tepkime Entalpisi<\/em><\/strong> = <strong><em>Tepkime Is\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong> = <em><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir tepkimenin endotermik mi yoksa ekzotermik mi oldu\u011funa karar vermenin yollar\u0131ndan biri de, tepkimenin <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> (standart tepkime entalpisi) de\u011ferini hesaplamakt\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bir tepkimenin, <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> de\u011ferini hesaplamak i\u00e7in, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdeki maddelerin, toplam <strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong> (standart olu\u015fum entalpisi) de\u011ferinden, girenlerdeki maddelerin toplam de\u011ferleri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Yani tepkimelerin, <em>Standart Tepkime Entalpisi (<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong>)<\/em> form\u00fcl\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f5faff;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = \u03a3(<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong>)<sub>\u00fcr\u00fcnler<\/sub> &#8211; \u03a3(<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong>)<sub>girenler<\/sub><br><br>(E\u015fitlikteki &#8220;\u03a3&#8221; sembol\u00fc &#8220;toplam&#8221; anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebfff6;font-size:18px\">Yukar\u0131daki form\u00fcl k\u0131saca \u015f\u00f6yle de yaz\u0131labilir:<br><br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> = \u00dcr\u00fcnler &#8211; Girenler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tepkimedeki maddelerin <strong><em>katsay\u0131lar\u0131 <\/em><\/strong>birden <em><strong>farkl\u0131 ise<\/strong><\/em>, &#8220;olu\u015fum entalpileri&#8221;, katsay\u0131lar\u0131 ile <strong><em>\u00e7arp\u0131l\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><li>\u00dcr\u00fcnlerin ve girenlerin <strong><em>toplam\u0131<\/em><\/strong>, bu \u015fekilde <strong><em>hesaplan\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-white-background-color has-background\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><strong>A + 2B \u2192 3C + D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131da verilen tepkimede, girenlerin ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin standart olu\u015fum entalpileri (<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong>) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-white-background-color has-background\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol(A)<\/sub><\/strong> = 90 kkal\/mol<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol(B)<\/sub><\/strong> = -30 kkal\/mol<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol(C)<\/sub><\/strong> = -40 kkal\/mol<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol(D)<\/sub><\/strong> = 70 kkal\/mol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re bu tepkimenin standart entalpisi (<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong>) ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>-80 kkal.mol<sup>-1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Tepkimeye yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m:<br><br><strong>A + 2B \u2192 3C + D<\/strong><br><br>Tepkimenin \u00fcr\u00fcnleri: 3C ve D<br>Tepkimenin girenleri: A ve 2B<br><br>Tepkimelerin, standart entalpisini bulmak i\u00e7in kullanmam\u0131z gereken form\u00fcl \u015fudur:<br><br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> = \u00dcr\u00fcnler &#8211; Girenler<\/strong><\/strong><br><br>Maddelerin, soruda verilen olu\u015fum entalpilerini, katsay\u0131lar\u0131 ile \u00e7arparak kullanmal\u0131y\u0131z:<br><br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = (3.C + D)  &#8211; (A + 2.B)<br><br>Maddelerin entalpi de\u011ferlerini yerine yazal\u0131m:<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = (3.(-40) + 70) &#8211; (90 + 2.(-30))<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = (-120 + 70) &#8211; (90 -60)<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = (-50) &#8211; (30)<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = -50 &#8211; 30<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = -80 kkal.mol<sup>-1<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Cevap: -80 kkal.mol<sup>-1<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-2\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-white-background-color has-background\"><strong>A + 2B \u2192 3C + D<\/strong> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = -80 kj\/mol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131da, denklemi ve tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 verilen tepkimedeki maddelerin standart olu\u015fum entalpileri (<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol<\/sub><\/strong>) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-white-background-color has-background\"><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol(A)<\/sub><\/strong> = 90 kkal\/mol<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol(B)<\/sub><\/strong> = -30 kkal\/mol<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><sub>ol(D)<\/sub><\/strong> = 70 kkal\/mol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re; bu C maddesinin standart olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 (<strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><sub>ol<\/sub>) ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>-40 kkal.mol<sup>-1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Tepkimeye yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m:<br><br><strong>A + 2B \u2192 3C + D<\/strong><br><br>Tepkimenin \u00fcr\u00fcnleri: 3C ve D<br>Tepkimenin girenleri: A ve 2B<br>Tepkime entalpisi (<strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><\/strong>): -80 kj\/mol<br><br>Tepkimelerin, standart entalpisini bulmak i\u00e7in kullanmam\u0131z gereken form\u00fcl \u015fudur:<br><br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> = \u00dcr\u00fcnler &#8211; Girenler<\/strong><\/strong><br><br>Maddelerin, soruda verilen olu\u015fum entalpilerini, katsay\u0131lar\u0131 ile \u00e7arparak kullanmal\u0131y\u0131z:<br><br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = (3.C + D)  &#8211; (A + 2.B)<br><br>Tepkimenin ve maddelerin entalpi de\u011ferlerini yerine yazal\u0131m:<br>-80 = (3.C + 70) &#8211; (90 + 2.(-30))<br>-80 = (3.C + 70) &#8211; ( 90 + (-60) )<br>-80 = (3.C + 70) &#8211; ( 90 -60 )<br>-80 = 3.C + 70 &#8211; 30<br>-80 = 3.C + 40<br>-80 &#8211; 40 = 3.C<br>-120 = 3.C<br>C = -40 kj\/mol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Cevap: -40 kkal.mol<sup>-1<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-3\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-white-background-color has-background\"><strong>CH<sub>4(g)<\/sub> + 2O<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub> \u2192 CO<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub> + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O<strong><sub>(g)<\/sub><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tepkimesindeki maddelerin standart olu\u015fum entalpileri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup>ol<\/strong>(CH<sub>4(g)<\/sub>) =  -74,8 kj\/mol<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup>ol<\/strong>(CO<sub>2(g)<\/sub>) = -393,5 kj\/mol<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup>ol<\/strong>(H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>(g)<\/sub>) = -241,8 kj\/mol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re, bu tepkimenin &#8220;standart tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131&#8221; (\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup>) ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>-802,3 kj.mol<sup>-1<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Tepkimeye yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m:<br><br><strong><strong>CH<sub>4(g)<\/sub> + 2O<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub> \u2192 CO<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub> + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O<strong><sub>(g)<\/sub><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><br><br>Tepkimenin girenleri: <strong><strong>CH<sub>4(g)<\/sub> ve 2O<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub><\/strong><\/strong><br>Tepkimenin \u00fcr\u00fcnleri: <strong><strong>CO<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub> ve 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>(g)<\/sub><\/strong><\/strong><br><br>Tepkimelerin, standart entalpisini bulmak i\u00e7in kullanmam\u0131z gereken form\u00fcl \u015fudur:<br><br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> = \u00dcr\u00fcnler &#8211; Girenler<\/strong><\/strong><br><br>Maddelerin, soruda verilen olu\u015fum entalpilerini, katsay\u0131lar\u0131 ile \u00e7arparak kullanmal\u0131y\u0131z:<br><br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = (<strong><strong>CO<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub><\/strong><\/strong> + <strong><strong>2 . H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>(g)<\/sub><\/strong><\/strong>)  &#8211; (<strong><strong>CH<sub>4(g)<\/sub> + 2 . O<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub><\/strong><\/strong>)<br><br>&#8211; <strong><strong>O<sub>2<strong>(g)<\/strong><\/sub><\/strong><\/strong>, standart ko\u015fullardaki bir element oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, olu\u015fum \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.<br><br>Maddelerin entalpi de\u011ferlerini yerine yazal\u0131m:<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = ( -393,5 + (2.(-241,8)) ) &#8211; ( -74,8 + 2.(0) )<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = ( -393,5 + (-483,6) ) &#8211; ( -74,8 )<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = ( -393,5 &#8211; 483,6 ) + 74,8<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = -877,1 + 74,8<br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> = -802,3 kj.mol<sup>-1<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Cevap: -802,3 kj.mol<sup>-1<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-kimya-ornek\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-4\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Tepkime-Entalpileri-Ornek-Cozumu.jpg\" alt=\"Tepkime Entalpileri \u00d6rnek\" class=\"wp-image-4857\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki grafik, standart ko\u015fullarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir kimyasal tepkimenin, Potansiyel Enerji &#8211; Tepkime Koordinat\u0131 (T. K.) grafi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu grafi\u011fe g\u00f6re, bu tepkimenin \u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> de\u011feri ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>116 kj\/mol<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Grafi\u011fe yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"176\" class=\"wp-image-4857\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Tepkime-Entalpileri-Ornek-Cozumu.jpg\" alt=\"Tepkime Entalpileri \u00d6rnek\"><br>Enerji &#8211; T. K. grafi\u011finde, grafi\u011fin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta, tepkimeye giren maddelerin toplam enerjisini, grafi\u011fin bitti\u011fi nokta da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin toplam enerjisini g\u00f6sterir.<br><br>Grafi\u011fe bakarak, \u015funlar\u0131 yazabilir:<br>Girenler = &#8211; 42 kj\/mol<br>\u00dcr\u00fcnler = 74 kj\/mol<br><br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> form\u00fcl\u00fcnde, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve girenlerin enerjisini yerine koyal\u0131m:<br><br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> = \u00dcr\u00fcnler &#8211; Girenler<\/strong><\/strong><br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><\/strong> = 74 &#8211; (-42)<br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><\/strong> = 74 + 42<br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><\/strong> = 116 kj\/mol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Cevap: 116 kj\/mol<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-5\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Tepkime-isisi-Ornek-cozumu-.jpg\" alt=\"Tepkime-\u0131s\u0131s\u0131-\u00d6rnek-\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc-\" class=\"wp-image-4862\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Tepkime-isisi-Ornek-cozumu-.jpg 454w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Tepkime-isisi-Ornek-cozumu--296x300.jpg 296w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Yukar\u0131da, standart \u015fartlarda \u00e7izilmi\u015f, E<sub>p<\/sub>-T.K grafi\u011fi verilen tepkime i\u00e7in<\/strong>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I) Tepkime endotermik bir tepkimedir.<br>II) Tepkimenin \u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> de\u011feri -180 kj\/mol&#8217;d\u00fcr.<br>III) Tepkime denklemi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<br>CaO + CO<sub>2<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> CaCO<sub>3<\/sub> + 180 kj\/mol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>yarg\u0131lar\u0131ndan hangileri do\u011frudur?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A) Yaln\u0131z II<br>B) Yaln\u0131z III<br>C) I ve III<br>D) II ve III<br>E) I, II ve III<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-huge-font-size\"><strong>D<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Grafi\u011fi tekrar bir g\u00f6relim:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"223\" class=\"wp-image-4862\" style=\"width: 220px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Tepkime-isisi-Ornek-cozumu-.jpg\" alt=\"Tepkime-\u0131s\u0131s\u0131-\u00d6rnek-\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Tepkime-isisi-Ornek-cozumu-.jpg 454w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/12\/Tepkime-isisi-Ornek-cozumu--296x300.jpg 296w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><br><br>Potansiyel Enerji &#8211; T.K. grafiklerinde, grafi\u011fin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer girenlerin, bitti\u011fi yer de \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin enerjisini g\u00f6sterir.<br><br><strong>Yarg\u0131 I:<\/strong><br>Grafi\u011fe bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin enerjisinin girenlere g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Yani, tepkimeye giren maddeler enerji vermi\u015ftir, tepkime enerji veren yani ekzotermik bir tepkimedir. I. yarg\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br><br><strong>Yarg\u0131 II:<\/strong><br>Grafi\u011fe bakarak, \u015funlar\u0131 yazabilir:<br>Girenler = 210 kj\/mol<br>\u00dcr\u00fcnler = 30 kj\/mol<br><br><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong> form\u00fcl\u00fcnde, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve girenlerin enerjisini yerine koyal\u0131m:<br><br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup> = \u00dcr\u00fcnler &#8211; Girenler<\/strong><\/strong><br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><\/strong> = 30 &#8211; 210<br><strong><strong>\u0394H<sup>o<\/sup><\/strong><\/strong> = -180 kj\/mol<br><br>II. yarg\u0131 do\u011frudur.<br><br><strong>Yarg\u0131 III:<br><\/strong>Grafi\u011fe bakarak, \u015funlar\u0131 yazabilir:<br>Girenler = CaO + CO<sub>2<\/sub><br>\u00dcr\u00fcnler = CaCO<sub>3<\/sub><br>Verilen \u0131s\u0131 = 180 kj\/mol (Verilen \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlere yaz\u0131l\u0131r.)<br><br>O zaman tepkime denklemi \u015f\u00f6yle olmal\u0131d\u0131r:<br>CaO + CO<sub>2<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> CaCO<sub>3<\/sub> + 180 kj\/mol<br><br>III. yarg\u0131 do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Cevap: D<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Tepkime_Isisinin_H_Diger_Adlari\">Tepkime Is\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n (<strong><strong>\u0394H<\/strong><\/strong>) Di\u011fer Adlar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 (<strong>\u0394H<\/strong>), tepkimenin t\u00fcr\u00fc ile ayn\u0131 ismi alabilir. Mesela;<ul><li>Yanma tepkimelerinin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;<strong><em>Yanma Is\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong>&#8220;<\/li><li>N\u00f6t\u00fcrle\u015fme tepkimelerinin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;<em><strong>N\u00f6t\u00fcrle\u015fme Is\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/em>&#8220;<\/li><li>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnme tepkimelerinin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;<strong><em>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnme Is\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; da denir.<\/li><li>Erime tepkimelerinin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;<strong><em>Erime Is\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; da denir.<\/li><li>Donma tepkimesinin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;<strong><em>Donma Is\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; denir.<\/li><li>Buharla\u015fma tepkimesinin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;<em><strong>Buharla\u015fma Is\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/em>&#8221; denir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>1 mol maddenin tepkimesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda al\u0131nan\/verilen enerji de\u011feri (<strong>\u0394H<\/strong>) kastediliyorsa &#8220;<strong>molar<\/strong>&#8221; kelimesi kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<ul><li>&#8220;<strong>Molar Yanma Is\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>&#8220;: Bir maddenin 1 mol\u00fcn\u00fcn yanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan enerjidir.<\/li><li>&#8220;<strong>Molar \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnme Is\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>&#8220;: Bir maddenin 1 mol\u00fcn\u00fcn suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnme s\u0131ras\u0131nda al\u0131nan\/verilen enerjidir.<\/li><li>&#8220;<strong>Molar Erime Is\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>&#8220;: Bir maddenin 1 mol\u00fcn\u00fcn erimesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda al\u0131nan\/verilen enerjidir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-6\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen tepkimelerin tepkime \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131na (<strong>\u0394H<\/strong>) verilebilecek adlar\u0131 belirtiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I) 2Ca + O<sub>2<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> 2CaO<br>II) H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>(s)<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> H2O<sub>(g)<\/sub><br>III) NaOH + HCl <strong>\u2192<\/strong> NaCl + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<br>IV) NaCl<sub>(k)<\/sub> <strong>\u2192<\/strong> Na<sup>+<\/sup><sub>(suda)<\/sub> + Cl<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><sub>(suda)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-medium-font-size\"><em>I) Yanma Is\u0131s\u0131<br>II) Buharla\u015fma Is\u0131s\u0131<br>III) N\u00f6t\u00fcrle\u015fme Is\u0131s\u0131<br>IV) \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnme Is\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 (<strong>\u0394H<\/strong>), tepkimenin t\u00fcr\u00fc ile ayn\u0131 ismi alabilir. Buna g\u00f6re; tepkime t\u00fcrlerini tan\u0131rsak, tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131na isim de koyabiliriz:<br><br><strong><em>I) 2Ca + O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2CaO<\/em><\/strong><br>Bu tepkime bir yanma tepkimesidir. Bu tepkimenin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;Yanma Is\u0131s\u0131&#8221; da denebilir.<br><br><em><strong>II) H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>(s)<\/sub> \u2192 H2O<sub>(g)<\/sub><\/strong><\/em><br>Bu tepkime bir buharla\u015fma tepkimesidir. Bu tepkimenin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;Buharla\u015fma Is\u0131s\u0131&#8221; da denebilir.<br><br><strong><em>III) NaOH + HCl \u2192 NaCl + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/em><\/strong><br>Bu tepkime bir n\u00f6t\u00fcrle\u015fme (asit-baz) tepkimesidir. Bu tepkimenin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;N\u00f6t\u00fcrle\u015fme Is\u0131s\u0131&#8221; da denebilir.<br><br><strong><em>IV) NaCl<sub>(k)<\/sub> \u2192 Na<sup>+<\/sup><sub>(suda)<\/sub> + Cl<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><sub>(suda)<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><br>Bu tepkime bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnme tepkimesidir. Bu tepkimenin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferine &#8220;\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnme Is\u0131s\u0131&#8221; da denebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap:<br>I) Yanma Is\u0131s\u0131<br>II) Buharla\u015fma Is\u0131s\u0131<br>III) N\u00f6t\u00fcrle\u015fme Is\u0131s\u0131<br>IV) \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnme Is\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Tepkime_Isisi_H_ile_Kimyasal_Hesaplamalar\">Tepkime Is\u0131s\u0131 (<strong>\u0394H<\/strong>) ile Kimyasal Hesaplamalar<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131, tepkimedeki maddeler, <strong><em>katsay\u0131lar\u0131na e\u015fit mol say\u0131s\u0131nda<\/em> <\/strong>iken tepkime verdi\u011finde al\u0131nan veya verilen <strong>\u0131s\u0131y\u0131 <\/strong>ifade eder.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ogretici_Ornek\">\u00d6\u011fretici \u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-background-color has-background\">\u00d6rnek bir tepkime \u00fczerinden, tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l hesaba kataca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fal\u0131m:<br><br>2Ca + O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2CaO &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>\u0394H<\/strong> = -1200 kj\/mol<br><br>Yukar\u0131daki tepkimede <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011ferinin negatif olmas\u0131, \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcnler k\u0131sm\u0131nda olmas\u0131 demektir:<br><br>2Ca + O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2CaO + 1200kj\/mol<br><br>Bu tepkime bize \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor:<br><br>&#8211; 2 mol Ca yand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1200 kj \u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fur.<br>&#8211; 1 mol O2 tepkimeye girdi\u011finde 1200 kj \u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fur.<br>&#8211; 2 mol CaO olu\u015ftu\u011funda 1200 kj \u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Tepkime_Isisi_Tepkime_Entalpisi_8211_H_Nelere_Baglidir\">Tepkime Is\u0131s\u0131 (Tepkime Entalpisi &#8211; <strong>\u0394H<\/strong>) Nelere Ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir tepkimenin, tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 (<strong>\u0394H<\/strong>) \u015fu fakt\u00f6rlerden <strong><em>etkilenir<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Ortam\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>:<ul><li>Bir tepkimedeki maddelerin f<strong><em>iziksel halleri de\u011fi\u015firse<\/em><\/strong>, tepkimenin <strong>\u0394H<\/strong> de\u011feri de <strong><em>de\u011fi\u015fir<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><li>Ortam\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015firse kat\u0131lar eriyebilir veya s\u0131v\u0131lar kaynayabilir. Sonu\u00e7ta tepkimedeki maddelerin fiziksel hali de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/li><li>Tepkimedeki maddelerin fiziksel hallerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, ortam\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131, <strong><em>tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Ortam\u0131n bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/strong>:<ul><li>T\u0131pk\u0131 &#8220;ortam\u0131n \u0131s\u0131s\u0131&#8221; gibi, bas\u0131n\u00e7 da, tepkimedeki maddelerin fiziksel hallerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, <strong><em>tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Madde miktar\u0131:<\/strong><ul><li>Daha <strong><em>\u00e7ok madde<\/em><\/strong> tepkimeye girerse; daha <strong><em>\u00e7ok \u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong> al\u0131n\u0131r veya verilir.<\/li><li>1 ton k\u00f6m\u00fcr, 1 kilo k\u00f6m\u00fcrden daha fazla \u0131s\u0131t\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e7fff5\">Tepkimenin <strong>mekanizmas\u0131 (basamak say\u0131s\u0131)<\/strong> de\u011fi\u015firse, tepkime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 <strong>de\u011fi\u015fmez<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Olu\u015fum Entalpisi&#8221; dersi, bir AYT konusu olan &#8220;Kimyasal Tepkimelerde Enerji&#8221; \u00fcnitesinin ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Bu derste &#8220;Olu\u015fum Entalpisi&#8221; konusu, sade bir dille anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4786,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[156],"tags":[159],"class_list":["post-4785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kimyasal-tepkimelerde-enerji","tag-olusum-entalpisi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4785","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4785"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4785\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4786"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}