{"id":4581,"date":"2020-11-26T23:00:05","date_gmt":"2020-11-26T20:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/?p=4581"},"modified":"2023-02-02T02:05:42","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T23:05:42","slug":"koligatif-ozellikler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/ayt-kimya\/sivi-cozeltiler-ve-cozunurluk\/koligatif-ozellikler\/","title":{"rendered":"3. Koligatif \u00d6zellikler"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Buhar_Basinci_Alcalmasi_Raoult_Yasasi\">Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131 Al\u00e7almas\u0131 (Raoult Yasas\u0131)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Buhar_Basincini_Hatirlayalim\">Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 Hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Mol_Kesrini_Hatirlayalim\">Mol Kesrini Hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Buhar_Basinci_Degisiminin_Hesaplanmasi\">Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131 De\u011fi\u015fiminin Hesaplanmas\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Raoult_Yasasi\">Raoult Yasas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Donma_Noktasi_Alcalmasi_Kriyoskopi\">Donma Noktas\u0131 Al\u00e7almas\u0131 (Kriyoskopi)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Donma_Noktasindaki_Dusus_Miktari\">Donma Noktas\u0131ndaki D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f Miktar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bazi_Cozuculerin_Kd_Degerleri\">Baz\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin Kd De\u011ferleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Van8217t_Hoff_Faktoru_i\">Van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc (i)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek-2\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-3\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Kaynama_Noktasi_Yukselmesi_Ebulyoskopi\">Kaynama Noktas\u0131 Y\u00fckselmesi (Eb\u00fclyoskopi)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Bazi_Cozuculerin_Kk_Degerleri\">Baz\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin Kk De\u011ferleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek-4\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ozmotik_Basinc\">Ozmotik Bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Osmoz_Olayi\">Osmoz Olay\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Osmotik_Basinc\">Osmotik Bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Osmoz_Olayinda_Neler_Olur\">Osmoz Olay\u0131nda Neler Olur?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ters_Ozmoz\">Ters Ozmoz<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#ccffeb\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:55%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen madde oran\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftik\u00e7e de\u011fi\u015fen \u00f6zelliklerine <strong>koligatif \u00f6zellikler<\/strong> denir.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mesela, suda ne kadar \u00e7ok tuz \u00e7\u00f6zersek, suyun <strong><em>kaynama noktas\u0131<\/em><\/strong> o kadar y\u00fcksek olur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu y\u00fczden kaynama noktas\u0131 bir <strong><em>koligatif \u00f6zelliktir<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7\u00f6zeltilerde, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen madde oran\u0131na <strong>deri\u015fim<\/strong> dendi\u011fini daha \u00f6nce \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftik. Demek ki; koligatif \u00f6zellikler, deri\u015fime ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerdir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sulu \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6zellikleri, koligatif \u00f6zelliklerdir:\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kaynama Noktas\u0131n\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Donma Noktas\u0131n\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yo\u011funluk (\u00d6z k\u00fctle) (Fizik dersinde anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r: Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n Yo\u011funlu\u011fu)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Gelin, koligatif \u00f6zellikleri yak\u0131ndan g\u00f6relim.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Buhar_Basinci_Alcalmasi_Raoult_Yasasi\">Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131 Al\u00e7almas\u0131 (Raoult Yasas\u0131)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#f6ffb3\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:52%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Buhar_Basincini_Hatirlayalim\">Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 Hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Her s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n, kendine ait bir buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k artt\u0131k\u00e7a artar ve kaynama noktas\u0131nda d\u0131\u015f bas\u0131nca e\u015fit olur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sabit bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta, saf suda, her hangi bir madde \u00e7\u00f6zersek:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen <\/em><\/strong>madde sudan daha <strong><em>u\u00e7ucu bir madde de\u011filse<\/em><\/strong>, <strong><em>suyun buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 azal\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kat\u0131lar genellikle u\u00e7ucu olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in, suda tuz gibi bir kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek, suyun buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Mol_Kesrini_Hatirlayalim\">Mol Kesrini Hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki bir A maddesinin &#8220;<strong>mol kesri (<em>X<sub>A<\/sub><\/em>)<\/strong>&#8221; \u015f\u00f6yle bulunuyordu:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"62\" class=\"wp-image-4514\" style=\"width: 100px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Mol-Kesri-2.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c7\u00f6zeltideki A Maddesinin Mol Kesri\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Form\u00fcldeki:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>n<sub>T<\/sub> ifadesi: \u00e7\u00f6zeltide bulunan b\u00fct\u00fcn maddelerin toplam mol say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n<sub>A<\/sub> ifadesi: \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki A maddesinin toplam mol say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Buhar_Basinci_Degisiminin_Hesaplanmasi\">Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131 De\u011fi\u015fiminin Hesaplanmas\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 <strong><em>Raoult Yasas\u0131<\/em><\/strong> ile hesaplayabiliriz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Raoult_Yasasi\">Raoult Yasas\u0131<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tuzlu su gibi, s\u0131v\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 hesaplarken kullan\u0131lan form\u00fcle <strong>Raoult Yasas\u0131<\/strong> denir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Raoult Yasas\u0131 \u015fu form\u00fcld\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"52\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-buhar-basinci.jpg\" alt=\"Raoult Yasas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4587\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-buhar-basinci.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-buhar-basinci-300x45.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Raoult Yasas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Form\u00fcldeki sembollerin anlam\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub><\/strong>: \u00c7\u00f6zeltideki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n yeni buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P<sup>o<\/sup><sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub><\/strong>: \u00c7\u00f6zeltideki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n saf iken buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>X<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub><\/strong>: \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki <strong><em>mol kesridir<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>40 <sup>o<\/sup>C&#8217;de, 144 gram suda 80 gram NaOH tamamen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re olu\u015fan \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 ka\u00e7 cmHg&#8217;d\u0131r? (40 <sup>o<\/sup>C&#8217;de saf suyun buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 40 cmHg&#8217;d\u0131r. Na: 23 g\/mol, H: 1 g\/mol, O: 16 g\/mol)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\">32 cmHg<\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#02507d\">Bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n, i\u00e7inde bir madde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u00fckten sonraki buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in, o s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki mol kesrini bulmak gerekir.<br><br>H<sub>2<\/sub>O&#8217;nun mol kesrini bulmak i\u00e7in, H<sub>2<\/sub>O ve C<sub>12<\/sub>H<sub>22<\/sub>O<sub>11<\/sub>&#8216;in mol say\u0131lar\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak.<br><br>H<sub>2<\/sub>O&#8217;nun mol say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hesapl\u0131yoruz.<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 2.1 + 16 = 18 g\/mol<br>m = 144 g<br>Mol say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n form\u00fcl\u00fc:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"70\" class=\"wp-image-3802\" style=\"width: 100px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Mol-Sayisi-Kutle.jpg\" alt=\"K\u00fctlesinden Mol Say\u0131s\u0131na\"><br>n = 144 \/ 18 = 8 mol<br><br>NaOH (Sodyum hidroksit)&#8217;in mol say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hesapl\u0131yoruz.<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 23 + 16 + 1<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 40 g\/mol<br>m = 80 g<br>Mol say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n form\u00fcl\u00fc:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"70\" class=\"wp-image-3802\" style=\"width: 100px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Mol-Sayisi-Kutle.jpg\" alt=\"K\u00fctlesinden Mol Say\u0131s\u0131na\"><br>n = 80 \/ 40<br>n = 2 mol<br><br>\u00c7\u00f6zeltideki maddelerin toplam mol say\u0131s\u0131:<br>n<sub>Toplam<\/sub> = 8 + 2 = 10 mol<br><br>H<sub>2<\/sub>O&#8217;nun mol kesrini (X<sub>H2O<\/sub>) \u015f\u00f6yle bulabiliriz:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"61\" class=\"wp-image-4599\" style=\"width: 170px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/buhar-basinci-mol-kesri-ornek.jpg\" alt=\"buhar-bas\u0131nc\u0131-mol-kesri-\u00f6rnek\"><br>X<sub>H2O<\/sub> = 8 \/ 10<br>X<sub>H2O<\/sub> = 0,8<br><br>Su; bu \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 \u015fu form\u00fclle bulunur:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"37\" class=\"wp-image-4587\" style=\"width: 250px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-buhar-basinci.jpg\" alt=\"Raoult Yasas\u0131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-buhar-basinci.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-buhar-basinci-300x45.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><br>Su i\u00e7in form\u00fcl\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle yazabiliriz:<br>P<sub>H2O<\/sub> = X<sub>H2O<\/sub> . P<sup>o<\/sup><sub>H2O<\/sub><br>Soruda P<sup>o<\/sup><sub>H2O<\/sub> = 40 cmHg olarak verilmi\u015f.<br>P<sub>H2O<\/sub> = 0,8 . 40<br>P<sub>H2O<\/sub> = 32 cmHg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap: 32 cmHg<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Donma_Noktasi_Alcalmasi_Kriyoskopi\">Donma Noktas\u0131 Al\u00e7almas\u0131 (Kriyoskopi)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#d5fff0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"221\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Yollara-tuz-atilmasi.jpg\" alt=\"K\u0131\u015f\u0131na Yollara Tuz At\u0131lmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-3975\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Yollara-tuz-atilmasi.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Yollara-tuz-atilmasi-300x189.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">K\u0131\u015f\u0131n Yollara Tuz At\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Saf suyun normal ko\u015fullarda donma noktas\u0131 0 <sup>o<\/sup>C&#8217;dir.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fakat; suda bir miktar tuz \u00e7\u00f6zersek, ayn\u0131 ko\u015fullarda donma noktas\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131n alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fecektir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc; tuz gibi u\u00e7ucu olmayan bir kat\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnce s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n donma noktas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bu y\u00fczden, donlanmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in k\u0131\u015f\u0131n yollara tuz at\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, saf suyun ve tuzlu suyun ayn\u0131 ortamdaki donma olaylar\u0131na ait grafiker verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"618\" height=\"268\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-donma-noktasi.jpg\" alt=\"Saf Su ve Tuzlu Suyun Donmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-3970\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-donma-noktasi.jpg 618w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-donma-noktasi-300x130.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 618px) 100vw, 618px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Saf Su ve Tuzlu Suyun Donmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Yukar\u0131daki grafiklerde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, suda tuz \u00e7\u00f6zersek, donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131n alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Peki ka\u00e7 derece d\u00fc\u015fmektedir? Gelin bu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 arayal\u0131m.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Donma_Noktasindaki_Dusus_Miktari\">Donma Noktas\u0131ndaki D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f Miktar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Donma noktas\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ka\u00e7 derece oldu\u011funu bulmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl\u00fc kullan\u0131r\u0131z:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"242\" height=\"49\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/donma-noktasi-alcalmasi-kriyoskopi-.jpg\" alt=\"Donma Noktas\u0131 Al\u00e7almas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4630\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Donma Noktas\u0131 Al\u00e7almas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<p>Form\u00fcldeki sembollerin anlam\u0131\u015f \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> :  \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn donma noktas\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ka\u00e7 derece oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>m <\/em>: \u00c7\u00f6zeltinin <strong>molalitesidir<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>i<\/em> : van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K<sub>d<\/sub> : Kriyoskopi sabitidir. Her \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 bir de\u011fer al\u0131r. De\u011feri su i\u00e7in \u015f\u00f6yledir: 1,86 <sup>o<\/sup>C\/<em>m<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Bazi_Cozuculerin_Kd_Degerleri\">Baz\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin K<sub>d<\/sub> De\u011ferleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda, baz\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin normal donma noktalar\u0131 ve K<sub>d<\/sub> de\u011ferleri verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/bazi-maddelerin-donma-noktasi-alcalmasi-kriyoskopi-sabitleri.jpg\" alt=\"Baz\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin Kriyoskopi Sabitleri\" class=\"wp-image-4604\" width=\"450\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/bazi-maddelerin-donma-noktasi-alcalmasi-kriyoskopi-sabitleri.jpg 450w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/bazi-maddelerin-donma-noktasi-alcalmasi-kriyoskopi-sabitleri-300x244.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Baz\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin Kriyoskopi Sabitleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Van8217t_Hoff_Faktoru_i\">Van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc (<em>i<\/em>)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:37%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir bile\u015fi\u011fin suya verdi\u011fi iyon say\u0131s\u0131na van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc denir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc &#8220;i&#8221; harfi ile g\u00f6sterilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bile\u015fik suda iyonlar\u0131na ayr\u0131\u015fm\u0131yorsa Van&#8217;t Hoff fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 1 al\u0131n\u0131r.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Alkol<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u015eeker<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etilen glikol gibi suda iyonlar\u0131na ayr\u0131\u015fmadan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen (molek\u00fcler \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen) maddelerin van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 1&#8217;dir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Asitler, bazlar ve tuzlar suda iyonlar\u0131na ayr\u0131\u015farak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu bile\u015fiklerin form\u00fcllerindeki toplam iyon say\u0131s\u0131, Van&#8217;t Hoff fak\u00f6tr\u00fc olarak al\u0131n\u0131r:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NaCl tuzu suda:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Na<sup>+<\/sup> ve Cl<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> diye iki par\u00e7aya ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 2&#8217;dir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CaCl<sub>2<\/sub> tuzu suya:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1 tane Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> ve 2 tane de Cl<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> iyonu olmak \u00fczere toplam 3 tane iyon verir. Bu y\u00fczden bu tuzun van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 3&#8217;t\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Al<sub>2<\/sub>(SO<sub>4<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub> tuzu suya:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2 tane Al3+, 3 tane SO42- iyonu olmak \u00fczere toplam 5 tane iyon verir. Bu y\u00fczden Van&#8217;t Hoff fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 5&#8217;tir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-2\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Etilen glikol, (C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>4<\/sub>(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>) arabalar\u0131n sular\u0131na kat\u0131lan antifriz s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Normal ko\u015fullarda, 2500 g suya 620 gram etilen glikol kat\u0131larak tamamen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re, olu\u015fan \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin donma noktas\u0131n\u0131 hesaplay\u0131n\u0131z. (Su i\u00e7in K<sub>d<\/sub> = 1,86 <sup>o<\/sup>C\/m, C: 12 g\/mol, H: 1 g\/mol, O: 16 g\/mol)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><em>-7,44 <sup>o<\/sup>C<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0a4f76\">Suyun normal ko\u015fullardaki donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 0<sup>o<\/sup>C&#8217;dir. Etilen glikol \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fckten sonra, suyun donma noktas\u0131ndaki al\u00e7almay\u0131 (\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub>) hesaplamam\u0131z gerekiyor.<br><br>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin <strong>molalitesine <\/strong>ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak.<br>Molalitenin form\u00fcl\u00fc:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"58\" class=\"wp-image-4496\" style=\"width: 180px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Molalite-fomulu.jpg\" alt=\"Molalitenin Form\u00fcl\u00fc\"><br><br>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnen madde C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>4<\/sub>(OH)<sub>2<\/sub> (etilen glikol)&#8217;d\u00fcr. Mol say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bulal\u0131m:<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 2.12 + 6.1 + 2.16<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 62 g\/mol<br>m = 620 g<br>n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> = m \/ M<sub>A<\/sub><br>n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> = 620 \/ 62 = 10 mol<br><br>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc sudur. Molalite hesab\u0131nda, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fctlesi kilogram biriminde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br>m<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub> = 2500 g = 2,5 kg<br><br>Art\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin molalitesini (<em>m<\/em>) bulabiliriz:<br><em>m <\/em>= n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> \/ m<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub><br><em>m<\/em> = 10 \/ 2,5 = 4 <em>m<\/em><br><br>Molaliteyi hallettik, K<sub>d<\/sub> sabiti de soruda 1,86 olarak verilmi\u015f.<br>Etilen glikol, suda molek\u00fcler \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen bir maddedir, bu y\u00fczden, van&#8217;t Hoff fakt\u00f6r\u00fc de 1 olarak al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br><br>O zaman, bildiklerimizi yerine yazal\u0131m ve \u0394T<sub>d<\/sub>&#8216;yi bulal\u0131m:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"40\" class=\"wp-image-4630\" style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/donma-noktasi-alcalmasi-kriyoskopi-.jpg\" alt=\"Donma Noktas\u0131 Al\u00e7almas\u0131\"><br>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> = 1,86 . 4 . 1<br>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> = 7,44 <sup>o<\/sup>C<br><br>Yani suyun donma noktas\u0131 7,44 <sup>o<\/sup>C d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f. Yani; normalde s\u0131f\u0131rda donan su 7,44 derece daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta donacak. O zaman yeni donma noktas\u0131:<br>Donma noktas\u0131 = 0 &#8211; 7,44 = -7,44 <sup>o<\/sup>C<br>olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap: -7,44 <sup>o<\/sup>C<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-3\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Normal ko\u015fullarda, 5000 g suya 290 gram yemek tuzu (NaCl) kat\u0131larak tamamen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re, olu\u015fan \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin donma noktas\u0131n\u0131 hesaplay\u0131n\u0131z. (Su i\u00e7in K<sub>d<\/sub> = 1,86 <sup>o<\/sup>C\/m, Na: 23 g\/mol, Cl: 35 g\/mol)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><em>-3,72 <sup>o<\/sup>C<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0a4f76\">Suyun normal ko\u015fullardaki donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 0<sup>o<\/sup>C&#8217;dir. NaCl \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fckten sonra, suyun donma noktas\u0131ndaki al\u00e7almay\u0131 (\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub>) hesaplamam\u0131z gerekiyor.<br><br>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin <strong>molalitesine <\/strong>ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak.<br>Molalitenin form\u00fcl\u00fc:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"58\" class=\"wp-image-4496\" style=\"width: 180px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Molalite-fomulu.jpg\" alt=\"Molalitenin Form\u00fcl\u00fc\"><br><br>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnen madde NaCl&#8217;dir. Mol say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bulal\u0131m:<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 23 + 35<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 58 g\/mol<br>m = 290 g<br>n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> = m \/ M<sub>A<\/sub><br>n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> = 290 \/ 58 = 5 mol<br><br>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc sudur. Molalite hesab\u0131nda, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fctlesi kilogram biriminde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br>m<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub> = 5000 g = 5 kg<br><br>Art\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin molalitesini (<em>m<\/em>) bulabiliriz:<br><em>m <\/em>= n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> \/ m<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub><br><em>m<\/em> = 5 \/ 5 = 1 <em>m<\/em> NaCl \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi<br><br>NaCl tuzu suda, Na<sup>+<\/sup> ve Cl<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> diye iki iyona ayr\u0131l\u0131r. O zaman; NaCl \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi i\u00e7in van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 2&#8217;dir:<br>i = 2<br><br>Molaliteyi hallettik, K<sub>d<\/sub> sabiti de soruda 1,86 olarak verilmi\u015f. O zaman \u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> hesaplanabilir:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"30\" class=\"wp-image-4630\" style=\"width: 150px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/donma-noktasi-alcalmasi-kriyoskopi-.jpg\" alt=\"Donma Noktas\u0131 Al\u00e7almas\u0131\"><br>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> = 1,86 . 1 . 2<br>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> = 3,72 <sup>o<\/sup>C<br><br>Yani suyun donma noktas\u0131 3,72 <sup>o<\/sup>C d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f. Yani; normalde s\u0131f\u0131rda donan su 3,72 derece daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta donacak. O zaman yeni donma noktas\u0131:<br>Donma noktas\u0131 = 0 &#8211; 3,72 = -3,72 <sup>o<\/sup>C<br>olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap: -3,72 <sup>o<\/sup>C<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Kaynama_Noktasi_Yukselmesi_Ebulyoskopi\">Kaynama Noktas\u0131 Y\u00fckselmesi (Eb\u00fclyoskopi)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#d8f0ff\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:35%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Saf suyun normal ko\u015fullarda kaynama noktas\u0131 100 <sup>o<\/sup>C&#8217;dir.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fakat; suda bir miktar tuz \u00e7\u00f6zersek, ayn\u0131 ko\u015fullarda kaynama noktas\u0131 100 <sup>o<\/sup>C&#8217;nin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc; tuz gibi u\u00e7ucu olmayan bir kat\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnce s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n kaynama noktas\u0131 y\u00fckselir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, saf suyun ve tuzlu suyun ayn\u0131 ortamdaki kaynama olaylar\u0131na ait grafiker verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"258\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-kaynama-noktasi.jpg\" alt=\"Saf Su ve Tuzlu Suyun Kaynamas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-3969\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-kaynama-noktasi.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/koligatif-ozellikler-kaynama-noktasi-300x155.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Saf Su ve Tuzlu Suyun Kaynamas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u0131pk\u0131 donma noktas\u0131ndaki al\u00e7alma gibi, kaynama noktas\u0131ndaki y\u00fckselme de hesap edilebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bunun yapmam\u0131z gereken tek \u015fey a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl\u00fc do\u011fru kullanmakt\u0131r:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"237\" height=\"50\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/kaynama-noktasi-yukselmesi-ebulyoskopi-.jpg\" alt=\"Kaynama Noktas\u0131 Y\u00fckselmesi\" class=\"wp-image-4627\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Kaynama Noktas\u0131 Y\u00fckselmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<p>Form\u00fcldeki sembollerin anlam\u0131\u015f \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0394T<sub>k<\/sub> :  \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn kaynama noktas\u0131ndaki y\u00fckseli\u015fin ka\u00e7 derece oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>m <\/em>: \u00c7\u00f6zeltinin <strong>molalitesidir<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>i<\/em> : van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K<sub>k<\/sub> : Eb\u00fclyoskopi sabitidir. Her \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 bir de\u011fer al\u0131r. De\u011feri su i\u00e7in \u015f\u00f6yledir: 0,51 <sup>o<\/sup>C\/<em>m<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Bazi_Cozuculerin_Kk_Degerleri\">Baz\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin K<sub>k<\/sub> De\u011ferleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda, baz\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin normal kaynama noktalar\u0131 ve K<sub>k<\/sub> de\u011ferleri verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"364\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/bazi-maddelerin-kaynama-noktasi-yukselmesi-ebulyoskopi-sabitleri.jpg\" alt=\"Baz\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin Eb\u00fclyoskopi Sabitleri\" class=\"wp-image-4621\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/bazi-maddelerin-kaynama-noktasi-yukselmesi-ebulyoskopi-sabitleri.jpg 450w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/bazi-maddelerin-kaynama-noktasi-yukselmesi-ebulyoskopi-sabitleri-300x243.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Baz\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin Eb\u00fclyoskopi Sabitleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-4\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Normal ko\u015fullarda, 5000 g suya 290 gram yemek tuzu (NaCl) kat\u0131larak tamamen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re, olu\u015fan tuz \u00e7\u00f6zeltisinin kaynama noktas\u0131n\u0131 hesaplay\u0131n\u0131z. (Su i\u00e7in K<sub>k<\/sub> = 0,51 <sup>o<\/sup>C\/m, Na: 23 g\/mol, Cl: 35 g\/mol)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><em>101,02 <sup>o<\/sup>C<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#0a4f76\">Suyun normal ko\u015fullardaki donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 0<sup>o<\/sup>C&#8217;dir. NaCl \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fckten sonra, suyun kaynama noktas\u0131ndaki y\u00fckselmeyi (\u0394T<sub>k<\/sub>) hesaplamam\u0131z gerekiyor.<br><br>\u0394T<sub>k<\/sub> i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin <strong>molalitesine <\/strong>ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak.<br>Molalitenin form\u00fcl\u00fc:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"58\" class=\"wp-image-4496\" style=\"width: 180px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Molalite-fomulu.jpg\" alt=\"Molalitenin Form\u00fcl\u00fc\"><br><br>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnen madde NaCl&#8217;dir. Mol say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bulal\u0131m:<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 23 + 35<br>M<sub>A<\/sub> = 58 g\/mol<br>m = 290 g<br>n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> = m \/ M<sub>A<\/sub><br>n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> = 290 \/ 58 = 5 mol<br><br>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc sudur. Molalite hesab\u0131nda, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fctlesi kilogram biriminde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br>m<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub> = 5000 g = 5 kg<br><br>Art\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin molalitesini (<em>m<\/em>) bulabiliriz:<br><em>m <\/em>= n<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen<\/sub> \/ m<sub>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/sub><br><em>m<\/em> = 5 \/ 5 = 1 <em>m<\/em> NaCl \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi<br><br>NaCl tuzu suda, Na<sup>+<\/sup> ve Cl<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> diye iki iyona ayr\u0131l\u0131r. O zaman; NaCl \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi i\u00e7in van&#8217;t Hoff Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 2&#8217;dir:<br>i = 2<br><br>Molaliteyi hallettik, K<sub>k<\/sub> sabiti de soruda 0,51 olarak verilmi\u015f. O zaman \u0394T<sub>k<\/sub> hesaplanabilir:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"32\" class=\"wp-image-4627\" style=\"width: 150px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/kaynama-noktasi-yukselmesi-ebulyoskopi-.jpg\" alt=\"Kaynama Noktas\u0131 Y\u00fckselmesi\"><br>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> = 0,51 . 1 . 2<br>\u0394T<sub>d<\/sub> = 1,02 <sup>o<\/sup>C<br><br>Yani suyun kaynama noktas\u0131 1,02 <sup>o<\/sup>C y\u00fckselmi\u015f. Yani; normalde 100 derecede kaynayan su 1,02 derece daha y\u00fcksek bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kaynayacakt\u0131r. O zaman yeni kaynama noktas\u0131:<br>Donma noktas\u0131 = 100 + 1,02 = 101,02 <sup>o<\/sup>C<br>olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap: 101,02 <sup>o<\/sup>C<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ozmotik_Basinc\">Ozmotik Bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#ffecb9\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Osmotik bas\u0131n\u00e7, osmoz olay\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan s\u0131v\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131d\u0131r.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>O zaman \u00f6nce osmoz olay\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6relim:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"373\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Osmoz-Osmotik-Basinc.jpg\" alt=\"Osmoz ve Osmotik Bas\u0131n\u00e7\" class=\"wp-image-4638\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Osmoz-Osmotik-Basinc.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Osmoz-Osmotik-Basinc-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Osmoz ve Osmotik Bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Osmoz_Olayi\">Osmoz Olay\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Osmoz olay\u0131 genellikle, tam dibinde bir membran (yar\u0131 ge\u00e7irgen zar) olan <strong>U<\/strong> \u015fekildeki borularda g\u00f6zlemlenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Seyreltik \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc molek\u00fcllerinin, yar\u0131 ge\u00e7irgen bir zardan ve kendili\u011finden daha deri\u015fik \u00e7\u00f6zeltiye ge\u00e7mesine <strong>osmoz <\/strong>denir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Osmotik_Basinc\">Osmotik Bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Osmoz olay\u0131nda, olu\u015fan seviye fark\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fckseklikteki \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin taban\u0131na uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131nca, <strong>osmotik bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/strong> denir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Osmoz_Olayinda_Neler_Olur\">Osmoz Olay\u0131nda Neler Olur?<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:65%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Osmoz olay\u0131, ayn\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn farkl\u0131 deri\u015fimdeki iki \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi aras\u0131na bir yar\u0131 ge\u00e7irgen zar (membran) konulursa ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan olayd\u0131r.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yani; tek \u015fekerli \u00e7ay ile iki \u015fekerli \u00e7ay aras\u0131na bir membran koyabilirsek, osmoz olay\u0131na \u015fahit olabiliriz.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu iki \u00e7ay aras\u0131na bir membran konulursa; tek \u015fekerli \u00e7aydaki su, kendili\u011finden, iki \u015fekerli \u00e7aya do\u011fru akar ve iki \u015fekerli \u00e7ay\u0131n miktar\u0131 zamanla artar. \u0130\u015fte bu olaya osmoz denir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tek \u015fekerli \u00e7ay, daha seyreltik olan; iki \u015fekerli \u00e7ay, daha deri\u015fik olan \u00e7\u00f6zeltidir. Anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi, osmoz olay\u0131, seyreltik bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti ile daha deri\u015fik bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:39%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U boruda g\u00f6zlemlenen osmoz olay\u0131nda, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc molek\u00fclleri, membrandan kar\u015f\u0131ya ge\u00e7ince:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>kar\u015f\u0131daki deri\u015fik \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin seviyesi y\u00fckselir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>seyreltik \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin seviyesi al\u00e7al\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sonu\u00e7ta, iki \u00e7\u00f6zelti aras\u0131nda bir seviye fark\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ters_Ozmoz\">Ters Ozmoz<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#ffdee6\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:42%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"359\" height=\"289\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ters-Osmoz.jpg\" alt=\"Ters Osmoz ile Tuzlu Sudan Tatl\u0131 Su Eldesi\" class=\"wp-image-4641\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ters-Osmoz.jpg 359w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ters-Osmoz-300x242.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 359px) 100vw, 359px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ters Osmoz ile Tuzlu Sudan Tatl\u0131 Su Eldesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Osmoz olay\u0131n\u0131 tersine \u00e7evirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yapmam\u0131z gereken tek \u015fey, deri\u015fik \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin osmotik bas\u0131n\u00e7tan daha y\u00fcksek miktarda bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygulamakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Deri\u015fik \u00e7\u00f6zeltiye, osmotik bas\u0131n\u00e7tan daya y\u00fcksek miktarda bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygularsak, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc molek\u00fclleri bu defa seyreltik \u00e7\u00f6zeltiye do\u011fru akacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Osmoz olay\u0131 kendili\u011finden ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken, ters osmoz olay\u0131nda enerji harcan\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ters osmoz olay\u0131 tuzlu sudan tatl\u0131 su elde edilmesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Koligatif \u00d6zellikler&#8221;, bir AYT konusu olan \u00c7\u00f6zeltiler ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00fcnitesinin 3. b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu derste, Koligatif \u00d6zellikler konusu, sade ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir dille anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[149],"tags":[153],"class_list":["post-4581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sivi-cozeltiler-ve-cozunurluk","tag-koligatif-ozellikler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4581","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4581"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4581\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25684,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4581\/revisions\/25684"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}