{"id":4112,"date":"2020-11-16T21:21:47","date_gmt":"2020-11-16T18:21:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/?p=4112"},"modified":"2021-10-30T22:18:41","modified_gmt":"2021-10-30T19:18:41","slug":"gidalar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/kimya-her-yerde\/gidalar\/","title":{"rendered":"2. G\u0131dalar"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Hazir_Gidalari_Secerken_ve_Tuketirken_Nelere_Dikkat_Etmeliyiz\">Haz\u0131r G\u0131dalar\u0131 Se\u00e7erken ve T\u00fcketirken Nelere Dikkat Etmeliyiz?<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Hazir_Gidalarda_Kullanilan_Katki_Maddeleri\">Haz\u0131r G\u0131dalarda Kullan\u0131lan Katk\u0131 Maddeleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#I_Koruyucular_Antimikrobiyal_Maddeler\">I) Koruyucular (Antimikrobiyal Maddeler)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#II_Renklendiriciler_Gida_Boyalari\">II) Renklendiriciler (G\u0131da Boyalar\u0131)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#III_Emulgatorler_Emulsiyonlastiricilar\">III) Em\u00fclgat\u00f6rler (Em\u00fclsiyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#IV_Tatlandiricilar_Lezzet_Arttiricilar\">IV) Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar (Lezzet Artt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Pastorizasyon_ve_UHT\">Past\u00f6rizasyon ve UHT<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Pastorizasyon\">Past\u00f6rizasyon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#UHT_Sut\">UHT S\u00fct<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#LTLT_Sut\">LTLT S\u00fct<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#HTST_Sut\">HTST S\u00fct<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Hazir_Gida_Etiketlerinin_Onemi\">Haz\u0131r G\u0131da Etiketlerinin \u00d6nemi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Hazir_Gidalarda_Kullanilan_Koruyucu_Renklendirici_ve_Yapay_Tatlandiricilarin_Sagligimiza_Etkileri\">Haz\u0131r G\u0131dalarda Kullan\u0131lan Koruyucu, Renklendirici ve Yapay Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za Etkileri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yenilebilir_Yag_Turleri\">Yenilebilir Ya\u011f T\u00fcrleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#I_Kati_Yaglar\">I) Kat\u0131 Ya\u011flar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Tereyagi\">Tereya\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Margarin\">Margarin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#II_Sivi_Yaglar\">II) S\u0131v\u0131 Ya\u011flar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Zeytinyagi\">Zeytinya\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Aycicegi_Yagi\">Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi Ya\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Misir_Ozu_Yagi\">M\u0131s\u0131r \u00d6z\u00fc Ya\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Findik_Yagi\">F\u0131nd\u0131k Ya\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yag_Endustrisinde_Kullanilan_Kavramlar\">Ya\u011f End\u00fcstrisinde Kullan\u0131lan Kavramlar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Sizma_Yag\">S\u0131zma Ya\u011f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Rafine_Yag\">Rafine Ya\u011f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Riviera_Yag\">Riviera Ya\u011f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Vinterize_Yag\">Vinterize Ya\u011f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yenilebilir_Yaglarin_Yanlis_Kullanimi_Ve_Sagliga_Etkileri\">Yenilebilir Ya\u011flar\u0131n Yanl\u0131\u015f Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Ve Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa Etkileri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Yaglarin_gerekenden_fazla_kullanilmasi\">Ya\u011flar\u0131n gerekenden fazla kullan\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yaglarin_yuksek_sicakliklarda_kullanilmasi\">Ya\u011flar\u0131n y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yaglarin_defalarca_kullanilmasi\">Ya\u011flar\u0131n defalarca kullan\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<p>G\u0131dalar, beslenmemiz i\u00e7in gereken b\u00fct\u00fcn besin maddeleridir. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir birey olmak i\u00e7in, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli beslenmek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli beslenme; v\u00fccudumuzun gereksinimi kadar enerji, karbonhidrat, protein, ya\u011f, vitamin ve mineralleri sa\u011flayacak miktarda besin maddesi al\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sanayile\u015fme ve \u015fehirle\u015fmenin artmas\u0131 ile <em>haz\u0131r g\u0131da<\/em> end\u00fcstrisi de b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, do\u011fal g\u0131dalar\u0131n yerini b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda, haz\u0131r g\u0131dalar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Hazir_Gidalari_Secerken_ve_Tuketirken_Nelere_Dikkat_Etmeliyiz\">Haz\u0131r G\u0131dalar\u0131 Se\u00e7erken ve T\u00fcketirken Nelere Dikkat Etmeliyiz?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"140\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Hazir-Gidlar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"Haz\u0131r (Paketlenmi\u015f) G\u0131dalar\" class=\"wp-image-4119\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Hazir-Gidlar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 400w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Hazir-Gidlar-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x105.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption>Haz\u0131r (Paketlenmi\u015f) G\u0131dalar<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcretiminde hi\u00e7bir kimyasal g\u00fcbre ve katk\u0131 maddesi kullan\u0131lmayan, kayna\u011f\u0131ndan elde edildi\u011fi gibi kullan\u0131lan herhangi bir i\u015flemden ge\u00e7memi\u015f g\u0131da maddelerine <strong>do\u011fal g\u0131da<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do\u011fal g\u0131dalar; oksitlenme, mikroorganizmalar vb. nedenlerle uzun s\u00fcre saklanamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcketilmesi kolay, raf \u00f6mr\u00fc uzun, koruyucu, renklendirici gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli kimyasallar i\u00e7eren besin maddelerine <strong>haz\u0131r g\u0131da<\/strong> denir. Haz\u0131r g\u0131dalar\u0131, <strong>paketlenmi\u015f g\u0131dalar<\/strong> olarak da tan\u0131mlayabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Hazir_Gidalarda_Kullanilan_Katki_Maddeleri\">Haz\u0131r G\u0131dalarda Kullan\u0131lan Katk\u0131 Maddeleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n &#8220;<em>g\u0131da katk\u0131 maddeleri<\/em>&#8221; y\u00f6netmeli\u011finde, g\u0131dalarda kullan\u0131lan katk\u0131 maddeleri i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131m \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cNormal ko\u015fullarda tek ba\u015f\u0131na t\u00fcketilmeyen veya g\u0131da ham maddesi olarak kullan\u0131lmayan, tek ba\u015f\u0131na besleyici de\u011feri olan veya olmayan; teknolojik bir ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda kullan\u0131lan i\u015flem veya imalat s\u0131ras\u0131nda kal\u0131nt\u0131 veya t\u00fcrevleri mamul maddede bulunabilen, g\u0131dan\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi, tasnifi, i\u015flenmesi, haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, ambalajlanmas\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, depolanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda; g\u0131da maddesinin tat, koku, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f, yap\u0131 ve di\u011fer niteliklerini korumak, d\u00fczeltmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verilen maddelerdir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u0131dalar\u0131n besin de\u011ferini y\u00fckseltmek ya da hile amac\u0131yla g\u0131dalara kat\u0131lan maddeler g\u0131da katk\u0131 maddesi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na girmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131r g\u0131dalara, bozulmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek, g\u00f6ze g\u00fczel g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla bir\u00e7ok kimyasal madde kat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu kimyasal maddeler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Koruyucular<\/li><li>Renklendiriciler<\/li><li>Em\u00fclsiyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar<\/li><li>Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015feklinde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"I_Koruyucular_Antimikrobiyal_Maddeler\">I) Koruyucular (Antimikrobiyal Maddeler)<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"221\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Koruyucular-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"Koruyucular\" class=\"wp-image-4127\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Koruyucular-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Koruyucular-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x189.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption>Koruyucular<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Koruyucu kimyasallar\u0131n kodlar\u0131, E200 \u2013 E285 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve E330&#8217;dur. Yani, paketi \u00fczerinde bu aral\u0131ktaki kodlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrseniz, o g\u0131dada bir koruyucu var demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131r g\u0131dalarda, koruyucu maddelerin <em>kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131<\/em> \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Haz\u0131r g\u0131dalarda olu\u015fabilecek bakteri, k\u00fcf ve maya bozulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 g\u0131day\u0131 korumak<\/li><li>Raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzatmak, do\u011fal renk ve aromay\u0131 korumak<\/li><li>pH de\u011ferini ayarlamak<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Koruyucu kimyasallar, sosis, salam gibi bir\u00e7ok haz\u0131r g\u0131dada kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131r g\u0131dalarda kullan\u0131lan koruyucular:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Nitrit, nitrat<\/li><li>K\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit<\/li><li>Benzoik asit<\/li><li>Propiyonik asit<\/li><li>Sorbik asit<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>gibi kimyasallard\u0131r. Bu kimyasallar <em>kanserojen <\/em>etkiye sahiptirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"II_Renklendiriciler_Gida_Boyalari\">II) Renklendiriciler (G\u0131da Boyalar\u0131)<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Gida-boyalari-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"GIda Boyalar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4124\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Gida-boyalari-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Gida-boyalari-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x231.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption>G\u0131da Boyalar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Renklendiricilerin kodlar\u0131, E100 &#8211; E180 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yani, paketi \u00fczerinde b\u00f6yle bir kod g\u00f6r\u00fcrseniz, o g\u0131dada bir renklendirici var demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131r g\u0131day\u0131 \u00e7ekici h\u00e2le getirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan do\u011fal ve sentetik kimyasallard\u0131r. \u015eekerleme, dondurma, sak\u0131z, sosis, re\u00e7el gibi bir\u00e7ok haz\u0131r g\u0131dada kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Renklendiricilerin neden oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ast\u0131m<\/li><li>Deri d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcleri<\/li><li>Migren<\/li><li>Erken do\u011fum<\/li><li>Kanser<\/li><li>Tiroid t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc<\/li><li>Kromozom zedelenmesi<\/li><li>\u00c7ocuklarda hiperaktivite, davran\u0131\u015f bozuklu\u011fu gibi hastal\u0131klara ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa neden olabilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"III_Emulgatorler_Emulsiyonlastiricilar\">III) Em\u00fclgat\u00f6rler (Em\u00fclsiyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar)<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"231\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Emulgatorler-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"Em\u00fclgat\u00f6rler\" class=\"wp-image-4131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Emulgatorler-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Emulgatorler-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x198.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption>Em\u00fclgat\u00f6rler<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Em\u00fclgat\u00f6rlerin kodlar\u0131, E400 &#8211; E495 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yani, paketi \u00fczerinde b\u00f6yle bir kod g\u00f6r\u00fcrseniz, o g\u0131dada bir em\u00fclgat\u00f6r var demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Genel olarak t\u00fcketiciler heterojen g\u0131da g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcnden ho\u015flanmazlar. Bu nedenle haz\u0131r g\u0131dalara homojen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kazand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in g\u0131da em\u00fclgat\u00f6rleri kat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Em\u00fclgat\u00f6rler; g\u0131da-su, ya\u011f-su-g\u0131da gibi heterojen bile\u015fenlerin birbirine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar, yani; g\u0131dadaki topaklanma, \u00f6beklenme gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 engeller.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Em\u00fclgat\u00f6rler haz\u0131r \u00e7orbalar, tatl\u0131lar gibi bir\u00e7ok haz\u0131r g\u0131dada kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"IV_Tatlandiricilar_Lezzet_Arttiricilar\">IV) Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar (Lezzet Artt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar)<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"222\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tatlandiricilar-Lezzet-arttiricilar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\" class=\"wp-image-4134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tatlandiricilar-Lezzet-arttiricilar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tatlandiricilar-Lezzet-arttiricilar-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x190.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption>Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kodlar\u0131, E950-E959 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yani, paketi \u00fczerinde b\u00f6yle bir kod g\u00f6r\u00fcrseniz, o g\u0131dada bir tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 var demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131r g\u0131dan\u0131n lezzetini ve aromas\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00e7ekici h\u00e2le getirmek ve g\u0131dan\u0131n tatl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sak\u0131z, \u015fekerleme, bisk\u00fcvi, soda, me\u015frubat, enerji i\u00e7ece\u011fi, diyet \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, kolal\u0131<br>i\u00e7ecek, haz\u0131r k\u00f6fte harc\u0131, et suyu tableti, haz\u0131r \u00e7orba, cips, kraker, salam, sosis, hamburger gibi bir\u00e7ok haz\u0131r g\u0131dan\u0131n \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar do\u011fal (pancar \u015fekeri gibi) veya yapay (sentetik) olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131r g\u0131dalarda g\u0131da maliyetini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in genellikle sentetik tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, do\u011fal tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lara g\u00f6re daha ucuz ve daha tatl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Alerjiye<\/li><li>Kalp ve sindirim sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131na<\/li><li>T\u00fcm\u00f6r olu\u015fumuna ve kanserlere neden olabilece\u011fi gibi<\/li><li>Toksik (zehirli) etki de g\u00f6stermektedir<\/li><li>Hamile veya emziren kad\u0131nlarda da \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131klara neden olabilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Pastorizasyon_ve_UHT\">Past\u00f6rizasyon ve UHT<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Pastorizasyon\">Past\u00f6rizasyon<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir g\u0131day\u0131, mikroplar\u0131n (patojenlerin) miktar\u0131n\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in zarars\u0131z seviyeye kadar azaltma i\u015flemine <strong>past\u00f6rizasyon<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Past\u00f6rizasyonun amac\u0131, son kullanma tarihine kadar, past\u00f6rize \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan patojen say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011fa neden olmayacak \u015fekilde azaltmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"UHT_Sut\">UHT S\u00fct<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;<em>Ultra y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta (UHT)<\/em>&#8221; past\u00f6rizasyonda, s\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri 2 saniye boyunca en az 138 <sup>o<\/sup>C\u02bca kadar \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UHT i\u015fleminde ise s\u00fct\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn mikroorganizmalar \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn raf \u00f6mr\u00fc artarken besin de\u011feri kaybolur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"LTLT_Sut\">LTLT S\u00fct<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Patojen bakterileri ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in &#8220;<em>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k-uzun s\u00fcreli past\u00f6rizasyon (LTLT)<\/em>&#8221; y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131larak, \u00fcr\u00fcn, 30 dakika boyunca 63 <sup>o<\/sup>C\u02bcta tutulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"HTST_Sut\">HTST S\u00fct<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;<em>Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k-k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli past\u00f6rizasyon (HTST)<\/em>&#8221; i\u015fleminde ise; s\u00fct, 15 saniye boyunca 72 <sup>o<\/sup>C\u02bca kadar \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Hazir_Gida_Etiketlerinin_Onemi\">Haz\u0131r G\u0131da Etiketlerinin \u00d6nemi<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"114\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tavsiye-Edilen-Tuketim-Tarihi-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"\u00dcretim ve T\u00fcketim Tarihleri\" class=\"wp-image-4145\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tavsiye-Edilen-Tuketim-Tarihi-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tavsiye-Edilen-Tuketim-Tarihi-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x98.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption>\u00dcretim ve T\u00fcketim Tarihleri<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131r g\u0131dalardaki etiketlerde \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00dcretildi\u011fi yer<\/li><li>\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/li><li>Besin de\u011ferleri<\/li><li>Saklanma ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/li><li>Tavsiye edilen t\u00fcketim tarihi (TETT)<\/li><li>Son kullanma tarihi (SKT)<\/li><li>\u00dcretim tarihi (\u00dcT veya \u00dcRT)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>gibi bir\u00e7ok bilgi bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00dcretim tarihi<\/strong>, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ne zaman \u00fcretildi\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bilgi verir. B\u00f6ylece t\u00fcketici, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kendine ula\u015f\u0131ncaya kadar ge\u00e7en zaman\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenerek \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tazeli\u011fini de\u011ferlendirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Son kullanma tarihi<\/strong>, mikrobiyolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan kolay bozulabilen ve bu y\u00fczden k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tehlike olu\u015fturabilecek g\u0131dalar\u0131n t\u00fcketilebilece\u011fi son tarihi g\u00f6sterir. Son t\u00fcketim tarihi ge\u00e7mi\u015f olan g\u0131dalar g\u00fcvenilir olmayan g\u0131da olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tavsiye edilen t\u00fcketim tarihi (TETT)<\/strong> ise uygun \u015fekilde sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda,<br>g\u0131dan\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini korudu\u011fu s\u00fcreyi g\u00f6steren tarihtir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu bilgiler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u0131dan\u0131n saklanma ko\u015fullar\u0131 okunarak g\u0131da bu ko\u015fularda saklanmal\u0131, belirtilen kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca haz\u0131r g\u0131daya ba\u011fl\u0131 alerjik durumlar\u0131n olu\u015fmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u0131dan\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fine, obeziteyi engellemek i\u00e7in de etiket \u00fczerindeki besin de\u011ferlerine dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Hazir_Gidalarda_Kullanilan_Koruyucu_Renklendirici_ve_Yapay_Tatlandiricilarin_Sagligimiza_Etkileri\">Haz\u0131r G\u0131dalarda Kullan\u0131lan Koruyucu, Renklendirici ve Yapay Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za Etkileri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Koruyucular<\/strong>:<br>&#8211; <em>Nitrat ve nitritler<\/em>; vucutta nitrozaminleri olu\u015ftururlar. Nitrozaminler, kan\u0131n oksijen ta\u015f\u0131ma yetene\u011fini azalt\u0131r, kanser olu\u015fumuna neden olur.<br>&#8211; <em>Benzoik asit<\/em> ise deri d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, ast\u0131m ve hiperaktiviteye neden olmaktad\u0131r.<br>&#8211; <em>SO<sub>2<\/sub><\/em> ise; ciddi alerjik reaksiyonlara ve ast\u0131m ataklar\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Et \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131saltmakta; renginde ve tad\u0131nda bozulmalara neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Renklendiriciler<\/strong>:<br>&#8211; Toksik ve kanser yap\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00f6rg\u00fctlerince izin verilen d\u00fczeylerin \u00fcst\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131; dikkat eksikli\u011fine, hiperaktiviteye, alerji, deri d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc ve ast\u0131ma neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar<\/strong>:<br>&#8211; Tad\u0131 \u015fekere benzeyen, do\u011fal \u015fekerlere g\u00f6re daha tatl\u0131 olan kimyasal maddelere <strong>yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/strong> denir.<br>&#8211; Kan \u015fekerinin y\u00fckselmesine etkisi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fundan diyabetli veya g\u00f6zlem alt\u0131nda olan ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan tercih edilir.<br>&#8211; Do\u011fal tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rarak kalori kontrol\u00fc sa\u011flar ancak s\u0131f\u0131r kaloriye sahip oldu\u011fu yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmemelidir.<br>&#8211; Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011fada bulunmayan kimyasallar oldu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131 ve bu kimyasallar\u0131n v\u00fccuda zararl\u0131 olabilece\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar \u015feker yerine a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hastal\u0131klara yol a\u00e7abilir. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar da yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak geli\u015fen hastal\u0131klar\u0131n olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<br>&#8211; Tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n toksik ve alerjik reaksiyonlara, deri, sindirim sistemi ve kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na, t\u00fcm\u00f6r olu\u015fumuna; lenf, b\u00f6brek, mesane ve kan kanserlerine neden olduklar\u0131 belirtilmektedir.<br>&#8211; \u00d6zellikle, hamile veya emziren kad\u0131nlar\u0131 olumsuz etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yenilebilir_Yag_Turleri\">Yenilebilir Ya\u011f T\u00fcrleri<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ya\u011flar saf h\u00e2ldeyken renksiz, kokusuz ve tats\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ya\u011fa karakteristik \u00f6zelli\u011fini (koku, renk, tat) \u00fcretildi\u011fi madde verir.<\/li><li>Ya\u011flar organik maddelerdir.<\/li><li>Ya\u011flar bir\u00e7ok g\u0131da maddesine tat katar. Fakat a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcketimi sa\u011fl\u0131k i\u00e7in zararl\u0131 olabilir. Bu nedenle ya\u011flar\u0131 yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131mak gerekir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u011flar \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Kat\u0131 ya\u011flar<ul><li>Tereya\u011f\u0131<\/li><li>Margarin<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>S\u0131v\u0131 Ya\u011flar<ul><li>Zeytin ya\u011f\u0131<\/li><li>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ya\u011f\u0131<\/li><li>M\u0131s\u0131r \u00f6z\u00fc ya\u011f\u0131<\/li><li>F\u0131nd\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"I_Kati_Yaglar\">I) Kat\u0131 Ya\u011flar<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kat\u0131 h\u00e2lde bulunan, doymu\u015f ya\u011f asidi oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek olan ya\u011flard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Tereya\u011f, margarin gibi \u00e7e\u015fitleri vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Kat\u0131 ya\u011flar hayvansal kaynaklardan veya bitkisel ya\u011flar\u0131n hidrojenle doyurulmas\u0131ndan elde edilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Tereyagi\">Tereya\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tereyagi-Katiyaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"Tereya\u011f\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4182\" width=\"263\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tereyagi-Katiyaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Tereyagi-Katiyaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x267.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><figcaption>Tereya\u011f\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Doymu\u015f ya\u011f s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda olan, taze veya fermente kremadan veya s\u00fctten ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li><li>Lezzeti y\u00fcksektir ve a\u011f\u0131zda eriyen bir dokusu vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Tereya\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131s\u0131nda protein ve az miktarda \u015feker i\u00e7erir; bu nedenle y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131da yanma e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterir.<\/li><li>K\u0131zartmalarda kullan\u0131m\u0131 uygun de\u011fildir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Margarin\">Margarin<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"178\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Margarin-Katiyaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"Margarin\" class=\"wp-image-4184\"\/><figcaption>Margarin<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Margarin, y\u00fcksek erime noktas\u0131na sahip kat\u0131 ya\u011flar\u0131n, krema, A vitamini ve renklendiricilerle i\u015flem g\u00f6rmesi ile elde edilir.<\/li><li>Margarinler; trans ve doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f i\u00e7erir.<\/li><li>\u00c7o\u011fu margarinde; soya fasulyesi, pamuk tohumu ve m\u0131s\u0131rdan elde edilen bitkisel ya\u011flar kullan\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"II_Sivi_Yaglar\">II) S\u0131v\u0131 Ya\u011flar<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lde bulunan, doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asidi oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek<br>olan ya\u011flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Zeytinyagi\">Zeytinya\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Zeytin-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"Zeytin Ya\u011f\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4163\" width=\"263\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Zeytin-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Zeytin-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x249.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><figcaption>Zeytin Ya\u011f\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Zeytinlerin ezilerek macun h\u00e2line getirilmesi ve ard\u0131ndan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki fazla suyun uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile elde edilir.<\/li><li>Saf zeytinya\u011f\u0131 en yo\u011fun ya\u011fd\u0131r ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc aromaya sahiptir.<\/li><li>Zeytinya\u011f\u0131nda doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f oran\u0131 y\u00fcksektir.<\/li><li>Bu nedenle zeytinya\u011f\u0131 kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, diyabet ve baz\u0131 kanserlerin geli\u015fme riskini azaltabilir.<\/li><li>Y\u00fcksek E vitamini i\u00e7eri\u011finden dolay\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir antioksidand\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Merak edenler i\u00e7in, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, zeytin ya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimi verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Fabrikas\u0131 Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5hd3CTv8ETc?start=20&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Aycicegi_Yagi\">Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi Ya\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Zeytin-Yagi-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"Ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek Ya\u011f\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4160\" width=\"263\" height=\"206\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Zeytin-Yagi-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Zeytin-Yagi-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x235.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><figcaption>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek Ya\u011f\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi bitkisinin tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n presleme, ekstraksiyon (\u00f6zt\u00fcleme) vb. i\u015flemlerinden sonra rafine edilmesiyle elde edilir.<\/li><li>Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ya\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek kalorili olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen vitamin ve minerallerden yoksundur. E vitamini ve K vitamini i\u00e7ermesine ra\u011fmen i\u00e7inde \u00e7inko, kalsiyum, magnezyum, manganez, bak\u0131r veya selenyum bulunmaz.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Misir_Ozu_Yagi\">M\u0131s\u0131r \u00d6z\u00fc Ya\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Misir-Ozu-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"M\u0131s\u0131r \u00d6z\u00fc Ya\u011f\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4169\" width=\"263\" height=\"244\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Misir-Ozu-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Misir-Ozu-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde-300x279.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><figcaption>M\u0131s\u0131r \u00d6z\u00fc Ya\u011f\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0131s\u0131r bitkisi tanelerinden elde edilen ya\u011fd\u0131r. M\u0131s\u0131r \u00f6z\u00fc ya\u011f\u0131, y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131ya dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131zartmalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Findik_Yagi\">F\u0131nd\u0131k Ya\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Findik-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg\" alt=\"F\u0131nd\u0131k Ya\u011f\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4170\" width=\"263\" height=\"293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Findik-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Findik-Yagi-Sivi-Yaglar-Kimya-Her-Yerde-269x300.jpg 269w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><figcaption>F\u0131nd\u0131k Ya\u011f\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>F\u0131nd\u0131ktan elde edilen, maliyeti y\u00fcksek bir ya\u011fd\u0131r.<\/li><li>Doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011flar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengindir. Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta, toksik (zehirli) kimyasallara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yag_Endustrisinde_Kullanilan_Kavramlar\">Ya\u011f End\u00fcstrisinde Kullan\u0131lan Kavramlar<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u011flar \u00fcretim \u015fekline g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 isimler al\u0131r. Bu isimler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>S\u0131zma ya\u011f<\/li><li>Riviera ya\u011f<\/li><li>Rafine ya\u011f<\/li><li>Vinterize ya\u011f<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu isimlerin anlamlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Sizma_Yag\">S\u0131zma Ya\u011f<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ya\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden safl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve tad\u0131n\u0131 koruyarak mekanik y\u00f6ntemler ve \u0131s\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 ile elde edilen ya\u011fd\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ya\u011f\u0131 safla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131 ile \u00fcr\u00fcne sadece su ile y\u0131kama, \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcrme, s\u00fczme ve santrif\u00fcjleme (kendi etraf\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde d\u00f6nd\u00fcrme) i\u015flemleri yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>S\u0131zma ya\u011f; asit oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek, keskin ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir tada sahip olan ya\u011fd\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Rafine_Yag\">Rafine Ya\u011f<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ya\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeden a\u011fartma, koku, asitlik ve re\u00e7ine giderme gibi i\u015flemlere tabi tutulmas\u0131yla elde edilen ya\u011fd\u0131r.<\/li><li>Ya\u011fa yabanc\u0131 madde eklenmez.<\/li><li>Kokusu ve asitlik derecesi daha az olan, a\u00e7\u0131k renkli rafine ya\u011flar\u0131n g\u0131da de\u011feri azd\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Riviera_Yag\">Riviera Ya\u011f<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Rafine ya\u011fa belirli oranlarda (%15-40) s\u0131zma ya\u011f kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile elde edilen ya\u011fd\u0131r.<\/li><li>S\u0131zma ya\u011fa g\u00f6re tad\u0131 ve kokusu daha hafiftir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Vinterize_Yag\">Vinterize Ya\u011f<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ya\u011flarda bulunan ya\u011f asitlerinin a\u015famal\u0131 olarak so\u011futularak dondurulmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li><li>Donmu\u015f ya\u011f asitlerinin s\u00fcz\u00fclerek ya\u011fdan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunda elde edilen ya\u011fa vinterize ya\u011f denir.<\/li><li>\u0130\u015flem sonucunda ya\u011f\u0131n bulan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 giderilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yenilebilir_Yaglarin_Yanlis_Kullanimi_Ve_Sagliga_Etkileri\">Yenilebilir Ya\u011flar\u0131n Yanl\u0131\u015f Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Ve Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa Etkileri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u011flar canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in enerji verici olmas\u0131, h\u00fccre zar\u0131 ve hormonlar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6nemli i\u015flevlere sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca ya\u011fda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen vitaminlerin (A, D, E, K) v\u00fccuda al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ancak bilin\u00e7siz kullan\u0131m ya\u011flar\u0131 zararl\u0131 h\u00e2le getirebildi\u011fi gibi sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da olumsuz etkiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u011flar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerindeki etkileri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yaglarin_gerekenden_fazla_kullanilmasi\">Ya\u011flar\u0131n gerekenden fazla kullan\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gereksiz enerji art\u0131\u015f\u0131na,<\/li><li>\u015ei\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa,<\/li><li>Kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na,<\/li><li>Tip 2 diyabete,<\/li><li>Karaci\u011fer ya\u011flanmas\u0131na,<\/li><li>Kanda kolesterol y\u00fckselmesine,<\/li><li>Damar t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yaglarin_yuksek_sicakliklarda_kullanilmasi\">Ya\u011flar\u0131n y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Kimyasal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesine,<\/li><li>Ya\u011f\u0131n yanarak zehirli h\u00e2le gelmesine,<\/li><li>Zararl\u0131 maddelerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na,<\/li><li>Kanserojen etki olu\u015fturmas\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yaglarin_defalarca_kullanilmasi\">Ya\u011flar\u0131n defalarca kullan\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Kanserojen madde olu\u015fmas\u0131na,<\/li><li>Oksijen ile reaksiyona girerek zararl\u0131 yan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na,<\/li><li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin zarar g\u00f6rmesine neden olur.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u011flar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullarda saklanmas\u0131 da sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuz etkileyebilir. Ya\u011flar\u0131n bozulmas\u0131ndaki ba\u015fl\u0131ca etkenler \u0131s\u0131, oksijen ve \u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu nedenle ya\u011flar serin, kuru, karanl\u0131k bir yerde saklanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u0131dalar, &#8220;Kimya Her Yerde&#8221; \u00fcnitesinin ikinci ve sonuncu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu derste, G\u0131dalar, TYT seviyesinde, basit bir dille anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4113,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[225],"tags":[145],"class_list":["post-4112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kimya-her-yerde","tag-gidalar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4112"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4112\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}