{"id":3983,"date":"2020-11-13T03:10:30","date_gmt":"2020-11-13T00:10:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/?p=3983"},"modified":"2021-10-19T00:26:38","modified_gmt":"2021-10-18T21:26:38","slug":"ayirma-ve-saflastirma-teknikleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/karisimlar\/ayirma-ve-saflastirma-teknikleri\/","title":{"rendered":"2. Ay\u0131rma Ve Safla\u015ft\u0131rma Teknikleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#1_Miknatis_ile_Ayirma\">1. M\u0131knat\u0131s ile Ay\u0131rma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Erime_Noktasi_Farki_ile_Ayirma\">2. Erime Noktas\u0131 Fark\u0131 ile Ay\u0131rma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Ayiklama\">3. Ay\u0131klama<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Eleme\">4. Eleme<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_Suzme\">5. S\u00fczme<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6_Diyaliz\">6. Diyaliz<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7_Flotasyon_Yuzdurme\">7. Flotasyon (Y\u00fczd\u00fcrme)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#8_Ayirma_Hunisi_Yardimiyla_Ayirma\">8. Ay\u0131rma Hunisi Yard\u0131m\u0131yla Ay\u0131rma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#9_Buharlastirma\">9. Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#10_Basit_Damitma\">10. Basit Dam\u0131tma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#11_Ayrimsal_Damitma\">11. Ayr\u0131msal Dam\u0131tma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#12_Ozutleme_Ekstraksiyon\">12. \u00d6z\u00fctleme (Ekstraksiyon)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#13_Kristallendirme\">13. Kristallendirme<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#14_Ayrimsal_Kristallendirme\">14. Ayr\u0131msal Kristallendirme<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<p>Ay\u0131rma ve safla\u015ft\u0131rma teknikleri, birbirine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f maddeleri (kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131) ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z y\u00f6ntem ve tekniklerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan tekniklerin ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>M\u0131knat\u0131s ile ay\u0131rma<\/li><li>Erime noktas\u0131 fark\u0131 ile ay\u0131rma<\/li><li>Ay\u0131klama<\/li><li>Eleme<\/li><li>S\u00fczme<\/li><li>Diyaliz<\/li><li>Y\u00fczd\u00fcrme (Flotasyon)<\/li><li>Ay\u0131rma hunisi ile ay\u0131rma<\/li><li>Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/li><li>Basit dam\u0131tma<\/li><li>Ayr\u0131msal dam\u0131tma<\/li><li>\u00d6z\u00fctleme (Ekstraksiyon)<\/li><li>Kristallendirme<\/li><li>Ayr\u0131msal kristallendirme<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"1_Miknatis_ile_Ayirma\">1. M\u0131knat\u0131s ile Ay\u0131rma<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"182\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Miknatis-ile-ayirma.jpg\" alt=\"M\u0131knat\u0131s \u0130le Ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma\" class=\"wp-image-3989\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Miknatis-ile-ayirma.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Miknatis-ile-ayirma-300x156.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption>M\u0131knat\u0131s \u0130le Ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>\u0130\u00e7inde; Demir (Fe), Kobalt (Co) ve Nikel (Ni) metalleri bulunan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlardan, bu metalleri ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Bu y\u00f6ntemde, <em>m\u0131knat\u0131s <\/em>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>Bu y\u00f6ntemde, <em>m\u0131knat\u0131s<\/em> taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilebilme \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde (manyetik \u00f6zellik de denir) ayr\u0131\u015fma olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>M\u0131knat\u0131s, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma yakla\u015fan m\u0131knat\u0131s, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki demir, nikel veya kobalt metallerini \u00e7ekerek ay\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, m\u0131knat\u0131s ile yemek tuzu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 izleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Separating Mixtures - Iron &amp; Salt\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MGLRMRU1d-8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Yemek Tuzu &#8211; Demir Tozu Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Demir tozu &#8211; k\u00fck\u00fcrt tozu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<br>&#8211; Nikel tozu &#8211; kum kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<br>&#8211; Tebe\u015fir tozu &#8211; demir tozu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<br>&#8211; Yemek tuzu (NaCl) &#8211; demir tozu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>M\u0131knat\u0131s ile ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, end\u00fcstride, demir at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n veya demir metalinin ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, bir metal at\u0131k tesisinde, demir metallerinin ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015flemini g\u00f6rebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Scrap metal unloaded by magnet\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/rP2C6M7tDhM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"2_Erime_Noktasi_Farki_ile_Ayirma\">2. Erime Noktas\u0131 Fark\u0131 ile Ay\u0131rma<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"195\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Erime-noktasi-farki-ile-ayirma-1.jpg\" alt=\"S\u0131v\u0131 Metal\" class=\"wp-image-4003\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Erime-noktasi-farki-ile-ayirma-1.jpg 350w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Erime-noktasi-farki-ile-ayirma-1-300x167.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><figcaption>S\u0131v\u0131 Metal<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>Metal-metal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 gibi, erime noktalar\u0131 farkl\u0131 kat\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Is\u0131tma i\u015flemi i\u00e7in; bir \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131ya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir kap kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>Bu y\u00f6ntemde, maddelerin <em>erime noktalar\u0131n\u0131n<\/em> farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc; her saf maddenin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir erime noktas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Erime noktalar\u0131, saf maddelerin ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelliklerinden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r, erime noktas\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan kat\u0131 \u00f6nce erir ve s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7er, di\u011fer kat\u0131 hala kat\u0131 haldedir. Eriyen ya da erimeyen kat\u0131, ba\u015fka bir kaba aktar\u0131larak kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kur\u015funun (Pb) erime noktas\u0131 327 <sup>o<\/sup>C, \u00c7inkonun (Zn) erime noktas\u0131 ise 420 <sup>o<\/sup>C dir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, Kur\u015fun ve \u00c7inko metalleri \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kur\u015fun \u00f6nce erimi\u015f ve kat\u0131 halde kalan \u00e7inko metali bir ka\u015f\u0131k yard\u0131m\u0131 ile kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ayr\u0131labilecek duruma gelmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Got some zinc in my lead.\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gr44HWQVlr8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Kur\u015fun (Pb) &#8211; \u00c7inko (Zn) Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Erime noktalar\u0131 birbirine yak\u0131n olan kat\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n, bu y\u00f6ntem ile ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 tavsiye edilmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Tun\u00e7 (bronz), pirin\u00e7, lehim gibi metal ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131<br>&#8211; Bak\u0131r tozu &#8211; Al\u00fcminyum tozu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>End\u00fcstride, metallerin safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, erime s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 fark\u0131 ile ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi \u00f6zellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta eriyen metallerin, cevherlerinden elde edilmesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"3_Ayiklama\">3. Ay\u0131klama<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"285\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayiklama-yontemi.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c7\u00f6p\u00fcn Ay\u0131klanmas\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-4012\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayiklama-yontemi.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayiklama-yontemi-300x171.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>\u00c7\u00f6p\u00fcn Ay\u0131klanmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>Adi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar, yani; kat\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu heterojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Ay\u0131klama i\u015flemi genellikle el ile yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>Renk, \u015fekil ya da boyut olarak farkl\u0131 olan madde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ay\u0131klan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>G\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz ile farkl\u0131 olan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcp kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan al\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir kiraz paketleme fabrikas\u0131nda, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck kirazlar\u0131n ay\u0131klanmas\u0131 i\u015flemini izleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Meyve Se\u00e7me Paketleme Sistemi\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xNpetTOMWWk?start=17&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Kiraz\u0131n Ay\u0131klanmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Pirincin ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ay\u0131klanmas\u0131<br>&#8211; Sa\u011flam meyvenin \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck olandan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131<br>&#8211; Meyvelerin i\u00e7ine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f yaprak ve dallar\u0131n ay\u0131klanmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; \u015eehir \u00e7\u00f6pl\u00fcklerinde biriken \u00e7\u00f6plerin i\u00e7indeki k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t, plastik ve metal par\u00e7alar\u0131 ay\u0131klanarak ekonomiye geri kazand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Meyve paketleme fabrikalar\u0131nda, meyvelerin ay\u0131klanmas\u0131 i\u015fleminde bu y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br>&#8211; B\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fletmelerde ay\u0131klamay\u0131 elle yapmak i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc kayb\u0131na neden olur. Bu nedenle ay\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 makineler geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"4_Eleme\">4. Eleme<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"313\" height=\"214\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Eleme.jpg\" alt=\"Unun Elenmesi\" class=\"wp-image-4015\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Eleme.jpg 313w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Eleme-300x205.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 313px) 100vw, 313px\" \/><figcaption>Unun Elenmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>Adi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar, yani; kat\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu heterojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Eleme i\u015flemi i\u00e7in <em>elek <\/em>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>Tanecik boyutu farkl\u0131 olan madde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ay\u0131klan\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck taneler elekten ge\u00e7emez, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck taneler ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m ele\u011fe d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr ve elenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unun elenmesi i\u015flemini, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda izleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Sifting flour for cake mixture\" width=\"1170\" height=\"878\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RA84iG1NHcM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Unun Elenmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Unun elenmesi<br>&#8211; Kumun elenmesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; \u00c7ift\u00e7ilikte, bu\u011fday\u0131, saman\u0131ndan ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bu\u011fday elenir.<br>&#8211; \u0130ri f\u0131nd\u0131k ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck f\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in eleme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Meyvelerin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015flemi, eleme y\u00f6ntemi ile yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"5_Suzme\">5. S\u00fczme<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"377\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Makarnanin-suzulmesi-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Makarnan\u0131n S\u00fcz\u00fclmesi\" class=\"wp-image-4025\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Makarnanin-suzulmesi-SiteCenneti.jpg 400w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Makarnanin-suzulmesi-SiteCenneti-300x283.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption>Makarnan\u0131n S\u00fcz\u00fclmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; S\u00fcspansiyonlar, yani; bir kat\u0131 ile bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu heterojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar s\u00fczme y\u00f6ntemi ile ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Baca duman\u0131 gibi kat\u0131-gaz kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, i\u00e7erdikleri tozlardan, filtreleme y\u00f6ntemi ile ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Filtreleme i\u015flemi de bir \u00e7e\u015fit s\u00fczmedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>S\u00fczme i\u015flemi i\u00e7in, <em>s\u00fczge\u00e7 <\/em>veya <em>s\u00fczge\u00e7 ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131<\/em> veya <em>filtre <\/em>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m, <em>tanecik boyutu farkl\u0131<\/em> sayesinde ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131 madde, s\u00fczge\u00e7ten ge\u00e7er fakat kat\u0131 haldeki madde ge\u00e7emez. Gaz\u0131n filtrelenmesinde ise gaz filtreden ge\u00e7ebilir fakat toz ge\u00e7emez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m s\u00fczge\u00e7ten veya filtrede ge\u00e7irilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kumlu suyun s\u00fcz\u00fclmesi i\u015flemini, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda izleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"FEN  B\u0130LG\u0130S\u0130:KARI\u015eIMLARIN AYRILMASI: S\u00dcZME \u0130LE AYIRMA\" width=\"1170\" height=\"878\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wfl8d0egECI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Kiraz\u0131n Ay\u0131klanmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Makarnan\u0131n s\u00fcz\u00fclmesi<br>&#8211; Kumlu su<br>&#8211; \u00c7ay\u0131n s\u00fcz\u00fclmesi<br>&#8211; Havan\u0131n filtrelenmesi<br>&#8211; Baca gazlar\u0131n\u0131n filtrelenmesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Fabrika bacalar\u0131na tak\u0131lan gaz filtreleri, fabrika bacas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan gaz\u0131, kat\u0131 taneciklerden ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Otomobillerde ve klimalarda bulunan hava filtreleri ise havadaki tozu tutarak tozun araca zarar vermesini \u00f6nler.<br>&#8211; Tozlu ortamlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filerin takt\u0131klar\u0131 toz maskeleri ile kirli havalarda ve zararl\u0131 gazlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ortamlarda kullan\u0131lan gaz maskeleri de birer s\u00fczge\u00e7 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"6_Diyaliz\">6. Diyaliz<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"327\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Diyaliz-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Diyaliz\" class=\"wp-image-4036\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Diyaliz-SiteCenneti.jpg 200w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Diyaliz-SiteCenneti-183x300.jpg 183w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><figcaption>Diyaliz<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kolloidal (bulan\u0131k) kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Kolloidal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlarda, kat\u0131 tam \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmemi\u015ftir ama \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tanecikler halinde da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden, s\u0131v\u0131 ile birlikte, s\u00fczge\u00e7 ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131ndan ya da s\u00fczge\u00e7ten ge\u00e7ebilir. S\u00fczmek ya da filtrelemek i\u015fe yaramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, diyaliz y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Diyaliz y\u00f6ntemi, bir \u00e7e\u015fit hassas s\u00fczme i\u015flemidir.<br>&#8211; B\u00f6brek hastalar\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fccudunda biriken at\u0131k maddelerin ve fazla s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n makine ile s\u00fcz\u00fclerek v\u00fccuttan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na <strong>hemodiyaliz <\/strong>denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Diyalizde, g\u00f6zenek \u00e7aplar\u0131 1-5 nanometre olan selofan, hayvan derisi, par\u015f\u00f6men gibi s\u00fczge\u00e7 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6ren, <em>yar\u0131 ge\u00e7irgen bir zar<\/em> kullan\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck molek\u00fcller bu zardaki g\u00f6zeneklerden ge\u00e7ebilirken daha b\u00fcy\u00fck molek\u00fcller ge\u00e7emez<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m, <em>tanecik boyutu farkl\u0131<\/em> sayesinde ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck molek\u00fcller bu zardaki g\u00f6zeneklerden ge\u00e7ebilirken daha b\u00fcy\u00fck molek\u00fcller ge\u00e7emez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Diyaliz makinesinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da i\u00e7i bo\u015f, silindir bi\u00e7iminde t\u00fcp vard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcpler yar\u0131 ge\u00e7irgen zarlardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br>&#8211; T\u00fcplerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda diyaliz s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 bulunur.<br>&#8211; Hastan\u0131n kan\u0131 diyaliz t\u00fcplerinin i\u00e7ine pompalan\u0131r. T\u00fcplere gelen kanda bulunan at\u0131k maddeler yo\u011funluk fark\u0131 nedeniyle yar\u0131 ge\u00e7irgen zardan diyaliz s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131na ge\u00e7er.<br>&#8211; \u00dcre, kreatin gibi zararl\u0131 maddeler kanda yo\u011fun miktarda bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen diyaliz s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131nda yoktur. Bu nedenle bu maddeler dif\u00fczyon yoluyla yo\u011fun olduklar\u0131 taraftan di\u011fer tarafa ge\u00e7er.<br>&#8211; Kan plazmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli bile\u015fenleri olan proteinler, molek\u00fcllerinin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131 nedeniyle zardan ge\u00e7emez ve kanda kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diyaliz i\u015flemini, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda izleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Diffusion, Osmosis and Dialysis (IQOG-CSIC)\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tHzkRtzVmUM?start=60&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Diyaliz \u0130\u015flemi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kan\u0131n diyalizi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; B\u00f6brek yetmezli\u011fi ya\u015fayan hastalar, diyaliz makinesine ba\u011flan\u0131rlar ve kanlar\u0131 bu makine ile temizlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"370\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Diyaliz-makinesi-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Diyaliz Makinesi\" class=\"wp-image-4041\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Diyaliz-makinesi-SiteCenneti.jpg 170w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Diyaliz-makinesi-SiteCenneti-138x300.jpg 138w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 170px) 100vw, 170px\" \/><figcaption>Diyaliz Makinesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"7_Flotasyon_Yuzdurme\">7. Flotasyon (Y\u00fczd\u00fcrme)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kat\u0131-kat\u0131 heterojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 (adi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m) ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br><em>Kat\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeyen bir s\u0131v\u0131<\/em> kullan\u0131larak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Ayr\u0131\u015fma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin <em>yo\u011funluk (\u00f6zk\u00fctle)<\/em> fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<br>&#8211; Baz\u0131 flotasyon uygulamalar\u0131nda ise; ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin hidrofilik (suyu sevme) ve hidrofobik (suyu sevmeme) durumuna g\u00f6re ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kat\u0131lardan olu\u015fan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m, bu kat\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeyen bir s\u0131v\u0131 i\u00e7ine at\u0131l\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu, kat\u0131lardan birinin yo\u011funlu\u011fundan fazla di\u011ferinin yo\u011funlu\u011fundan az olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hafif olan kat\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde y\u00fczer, di\u011fer kat\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n dibine batar. Bu \u015fekilde, kat\u0131lar birbirinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.<br><br>&#8211; Baz\u0131 madenlerde, hidrofobik cevherler ile hidrofilik cevherin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na su verildi\u011finde, hidrofilik cevher batarken, hidrofobik cevher su kabarc\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde y\u00fczerek y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu i\u015flem; bir flotasyon i\u015flemidir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, s\u00fclf\u00fcrl\u00fc bir bak\u0131r cevherinin flotasyon i\u015flemi verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"S\u00fclf\u00fcrl\u00fc Bak\u0131r Cevherinin Flotasyonu (copper ore froth flotation)\" width=\"1170\" height=\"878\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/29GxIkIB9sI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>S\u00fclf\u00fcrl\u00fc Bak\u0131r Cevherinin Flotasyonu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kum &#8211; odun tala\u015f\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<br>&#8211; S\u00fclf\u00fcrl\u00fc cevherlerin zenginle\u015ftirilmesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Yo\u011funluk fark\u0131ndan yararlanarak; \u0131spanak, maydanoz, marul gibi sebzeleri ta\u015f, kum ve topra\u011f\u0131ndan temizleriz. Temizleme i\u015fleminde bu t\u00fcr sebzeler bol suda bekletildi\u011finde, sudan b\u00fcy\u00fck yo\u011funlu\u011fa sahip olan ta\u015f, kum ve toprak, suyun dibine \u00e7\u00f6ker. Sebzeler ise suyun \u00fcst\u00fcnde toplan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle sebzeler ta\u015f, kum ve topraktan ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<br><br>&#8211; Y\u00fczd\u00fcrme, madencilik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00f6nemli bir zenginle\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemidir. \u00d6zellikle ince taneler \u00fczerinde uygulanabilmesi bu y\u00f6ntemi, di\u011fer cevher zenginle\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemlerinden ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"8_Ayirma_Hunisi_Yardimiyla_Ayirma\">8. Ay\u0131rma Hunisi Yard\u0131m\u0131yla Ay\u0131rma<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; S\u0131v\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 heterojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 (em\u00fclsiyonlar) ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br><em>Ay\u0131rma hunisi<\/em> kullan\u0131larak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r. Ay\u0131rma hunisi \u015funa benzer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"349\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayirma-hunisi-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Ay\u0131rma Hunisi\" class=\"wp-image-4057\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayirma-hunisi-SiteCenneti.jpg 150w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayirma-hunisi-SiteCenneti-129x300.jpg 129w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><figcaption>Ay\u0131rma Hunisi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Ayr\u0131\u015fma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin <em>yo\u011funluk (\u00f6zk\u00fctle)<\/em> fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Em\u00fclsiyon kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131, ay\u0131rma hunisine d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m dinlendirilir. Bu sayede, hafif olan s\u0131v\u0131 yukar\u0131da, a\u011f\u0131r olan s\u0131v\u0131 da a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da birikir ve bu iki s\u0131v\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir ay\u0131rma y\u00fczeyi olu\u015fur. Daha sonra, ay\u0131rma hunisinin muslu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve alttaki s\u0131v\u0131 bitince musluk kapan\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde, yo\u011funlu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck olan s\u0131v\u0131 toplama kab\u0131na akar; hafif olan s\u0131v\u0131 ise ay\u0131rma hunisinde kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, bu y\u00f6ntemin uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"AYIRMA HUN\u0130S\u0130 \u0130LE KARI\u015eIMLARIN AYRILMASI - Kimya Deneyleri - Serpil Yap\u0131c\u0131\" width=\"1170\" height=\"878\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/H5ctgouw2CM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Ay\u0131rma Hunisi ile Ay\u0131rma \u0130\u015flemi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Zeytin ya\u011f\u0131 &#8211; Su kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<br>&#8211; Su &#8211; Karbon tetraklor\u00fcr (CCl<sub>4<\/sub>) kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<br>&#8211; Su &#8211; Benzin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; \u00c7ift\u00e7ilikte, zeytin ya\u011f\u0131 eldesinde bu y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"9_Buharlastirma\">9. Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 homojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Bir <em>ocak<\/em> ile \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Ayr\u0131\u015fma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin <em>kaynama noktas\u0131 (kaynama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/em> fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi, bir \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 ile \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131, buharla\u015f\u0131r ve kat\u0131 madde kapta kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, tuzlu suyu kendi haline b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, suyun nas\u0131l buharla\u015farak bitti\u011fini ve geriye tuz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak g\u00f6rebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Time Lapse - Salt Crystals forming as water evaporates\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OBJDjE1Beuo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma Y\u00f6ntemi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Tuz \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi (Tuz-su kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131)<br>&#8211; \u015eeker \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi (\u015eeker-su kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131)<br>&#8211; Deniz suyu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Deniz suyundan tuz eldesinde, buharla\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6nteminden yararlan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"10_Basit_Damitma\">10. Basit Dam\u0131tma<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 homojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<br>&#8211; Basit dam\u0131tma y\u00f6nteminin buharla\u015ft\u0131rmadan fark\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n da bir toplama kab\u0131nda elde edilmesidir.<br>&#8211; Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015fleminde, su u\u00e7ar gider fakat dam\u0131tma i\u015fleminde su da ayr\u0131 bir kapta ve <em>saf suya<\/em> \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir \u015fekilde toplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Bir <em>ocak (bek) ve basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011fi<\/em> ile kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011fi \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"325\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Basit-Damitma-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Basit Dam\u0131tma D\u00fczene\u011fi\" class=\"wp-image-4067\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Basit-Damitma-SiteCenneti.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Basit-Damitma-SiteCenneti-300x195.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Basit Dam\u0131tma D\u00fczene\u011fi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011finde, kaynayan s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n buhar\u0131, bir so\u011futucudan ge\u00e7erek, tekrar s\u0131v\u0131 hale d\u00f6ner ve damla damla bir erlenmayerde toplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So\u011futucu, etraf\u0131ndan devaml\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fme suyu akan bir cam borudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n, basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011fi ile \u00f6nce kaynat\u0131l\u0131p sonra da yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak s\u0131v\u0131 halde elde edilmesine <strong>dam\u0131tma (safla\u015ft\u0131rma)<\/strong> denir.<br>&#8211; Tuzlu su gibi bir <em>kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltisinin<\/em> hem tuzu hem de suyu ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 elde edilmek isteniyorsa, kar\u015f\u0131m, basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011finden ge\u00e7irilir. Bu i\u015fleme <strong>basit dam\u0131tma<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Ayr\u0131\u015fma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin <em>kaynama noktas\u0131 (kaynama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/em> fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi, basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011finden ge\u00e7irilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011finin nas\u0131l kuruldu\u011funu merak ediyorsan\u0131z, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoyu seyredebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Setting up a Distillation Apparatus\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MNTu5ThnNCQ?start=50&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Basit Dam\u0131tma D\u00fczene\u011finin Kurulumu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011fini \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda iken g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"#dam\u0131tma #kimya #tyt Basit dam\u0131tma ile ayr\u0131msal dam\u0131tma aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir \u00c7OK \u00d6NEML\u0130\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OknsV7DiydU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Basit Dam\u0131tma D\u00fczene\u011fi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Tuz \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi (Tuz-su kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131)<br>&#8211; \u015eeker \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi (\u015eeker-su kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131)<br>&#8211; Deniz suyu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Deniz suyundan tuz ve saf su eldesinde, buharla\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6nteminden yararlan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"11_Ayrimsal_Damitma\">11. Ayr\u0131msal Dam\u0131tma<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; <em>S\u0131v\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 homojen<\/em> kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Bir <em>ocak (bek) ve ayr\u0131msal dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011fi<\/em> ile kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131msal dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011finin basit dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011finden fark\u0131, d\u00fczenekte bulunan ekstra bir par\u00e7ad\u0131r. Bu par\u00e7an\u0131n ad\u0131 <strong>fraksiyon (dam\u0131tma) kolonu<\/strong>dur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fraksiyon kolonunun, bir \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 tipi vard\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bunlardan biri verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"83\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Fraksiyon-Kolonu-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Fraksiyon Kolonu\" class=\"wp-image-4087\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Fraksiyon-Kolonu-SiteCenneti.jpg 450w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Fraksiyon-Kolonu-SiteCenneti-300x55.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption>Fraksiyon (Dam\u0131tma) Kolonu<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131msal dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011fi \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"433\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayrimsal-Damitma-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Ayr\u0131msal Dam\u0131tma D\u00fczene\u011fi\" class=\"wp-image-4083\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayrimsal-Damitma-SiteCenneti.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/11\/Ayrimsal-Damitma-SiteCenneti-300x260.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Ayr\u0131msal Dam\u0131tma D\u00fczene\u011fi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Ayr\u0131\u015fma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin <em>kaynama noktas\u0131 (kaynama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/em> fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; S\u0131v\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi, ayr\u0131msal dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011finden ge\u00e7irilir.<br>&#8211; \u00c7\u00f6zelti \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6nce kaynama noktas\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan s\u0131v\u0131 kaynar.<br>&#8211; Kaynayan s\u0131v\u0131 buharla\u015f\u0131r. Kaynayan bu s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n buhar\u0131, fraksiyon kolonundan ve so\u011futucudan ge\u00e7erek, toplama kab\u0131nda birikir.<br>&#8211; \u0130lk kaynama i\u015flemi bitti\u011finde, kar\u015f\u0131mdaki s\u0131v\u0131lardan kaynama noktas\u0131 daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan s\u0131v\u0131 kaynay\u0131p bitmi\u015f, bu s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n hepsi toplama kab\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015f demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, fraksiyon kolonunu ve ayr\u0131msal dam\u0131tma d\u00fczene\u011fini \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda iken g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Using Fractional Distillation for Purification of Hydrobromic acid\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TZo97aO4xbk?start=111&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Ayr\u0131msal Dam\u0131tma D\u00fczene\u011fi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong><br>&#8211; Alkol \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi (Alkol-su kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131)<br>&#8211; Ham petrol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; End\u00fcstride; ham petrol\u00fcn rafinerizasyonunda (dam\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda) ayr\u0131msal dam\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"12_Ozutleme_Ekstraksiyon\">12. \u00d6z\u00fctleme (Ekstraksiyon)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; <em>B\u00fct\u00fcn<\/em> kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilen bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerden sadece birini \u00e7\u00f6zecek, ama kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeyecek bir s\u0131v\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Ayr\u0131\u015fma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin <em>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/em> fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<br>&#8211; Genel olarak organik maddeler organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerde, anorganik maddeler ise anorganik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerde iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu y\u00f6ntemde kullan\u0131lacak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc, bu kural dikkate al\u0131narak se\u00e7ilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma bir s\u0131v\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu s\u0131v\u0131, o kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in, \u00f6zel olarak se\u00e7ilmi\u015f bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r. Kat\u0131lan s\u0131v\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerden birini \u00e7\u00f6zerek \u00f6z\u00fcne al\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu madde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, bu y\u00f6ntemin laboratuvarda nas\u0131l uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Solvent Extraction\" width=\"1170\" height=\"878\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XXjds_lBvC4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; \u015eeker pancar\u0131ndan \u015feker \u00fcretimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda pancar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan \u015feker pancardan suyla \u00e7ekilir.<br>&#8211; \u0130la\u00e7 ve parf\u00fcm ham maddelerinin, tabiattaki bitkilerden eldesinde de \u00f6z\u00fctleme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin aspirinin ham maddesi olan salisilik asit s\u00f6\u011f\u00fct a\u011fac\u0131ndan \u00f6z\u00fctlenerek elde edilir.<br>&#8211; Zeytinden, ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finden ve kabak \u00e7ekirde\u011finden ya\u011f eldesinde, \u00f6z\u00fctleme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"13_Kristallendirme\">13. Kristallendirme<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; <em>Kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131<\/em> homojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlardan, kat\u0131y\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmak i\u00e7in bir <em>ocak <\/em>veya so\u011futmak i\u00e7in <em>so\u011futucu <\/em>gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Ayr\u0131\u015fma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin <em>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/em> fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Doymu\u015f bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti, daha fazla madde \u00e7\u00f6zemeyecek durumdaki \u00e7\u00f6zeltidir. &#8211; Doymu\u015f bir kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi, so\u011futuldu\u011funda, kristallenme olay\u0131 g\u00f6zlenir. (Baz\u0131 kat\u0131lar\u0131n doymu\u015f \u00e7\u00f6zeltileri \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kristallenme olur.)<br>&#8211; Belirli geometrik \u015fekle sahip kat\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131na <strong>kristal<\/strong>, bu \u015fekildeki kat\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 olay\u0131na <strong>kristallenme<\/strong> denir.<br>&#8211; Kristallenme olay\u0131nda, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f haldeki madde, tekrar kat\u0131 hale ge\u00e7meye karar verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vidyoda, s\u0131cak bir suda, doymu\u015f CuSO<sub>4<\/sub> \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor ve bu \u00e7\u00f6zelti, i\u00e7ine bir ip sark\u0131t\u0131larak so\u011fumaya b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. Doymu\u015f \u00e7\u00f6zelti, so\u011furken, ipin etraf\u0131nda bir kristallenme ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor ve ip, CuSO<sub>4<\/sub> kristalleri taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131yor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Copper sulphate crystallization | Crystallisation | Chemistry\" width=\"1170\" height=\"878\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QdwKhbtzsug?start=19&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>CuSO<sub>4<\/sub> Tuzunun Kristallenmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; End\u00fcstride \u015feker pancar\u0131ndan \u015feker elde edilirken pancar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki<br>\u015feker \u00f6nce \u00f6z\u00fctleme ile su ortam\u0131na ge\u00e7irilir. Daha sonra su-\u015feker<br>kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki \u015feker kristallendirme ile ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"14_Ayrimsal_Kristallendirme\">14. Ayr\u0131msal Kristallendirme<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemle hangi t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; \u0130\u00e7inde, birden fazla kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n, olu\u015fturdu\u011fu homojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mda, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f halde en az iki tane kat\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntemin malzemesi nedir?<\/strong><br>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmak i\u00e7in bir <em>ocak <\/em>veya so\u011futmak i\u00e7in <em>so\u011futucu <\/em>gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi, maddenin hangi \u00f6zelli\u011fi sayesinde olur?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Ayr\u0131\u015fma i\u015flemi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki maddelerin <em>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/em> fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nas\u0131l uygulan\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; \u0130ki veya daha \u00e7ok maddenin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck fark\u0131 ile ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na <strong>ayr\u0131msal kristallenme<\/strong> denir.<br>&#8211; Doymu\u015f \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi, so\u011futuldu\u011funda veya \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki kat\u0131lardan birinde kristallenme olay\u0131 g\u00f6zlenir.<br>&#8211; Kristallenen kat\u0131, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ayr\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu y\u00f6ntem nerelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br>&#8211; End\u00fcstride deniz suyundan yemek tuzunun elde edilme s\u00fcrecinde de ayr\u0131msal kristallendirme kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rma ve safla\u015ft\u0131rma teknikleri, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir dille anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1215,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[223],"tags":[144],"class_list":["post-3983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-karisimlar","tag-ayirma-ve-saflastirma-teknikleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3983","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3983"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3983\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}