{"id":3244,"date":"2020-10-29T14:57:02","date_gmt":"2020-10-29T11:57:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/?p=3244"},"modified":"2020-11-19T17:18:09","modified_gmt":"2020-11-19T14:18:09","slug":"su-ve-hayat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/doga-ve-kimya\/su-ve-hayat\/","title":{"rendered":"1. Su ve Hayat"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Insan_Vucudunda_Su\">\u0130nsan V\u00fccudunda Su<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Insan_Vucuduna_Su_Giris-Cikisi\">\u0130nsan V\u00fccuduna Su Giri\u015f-\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Suyun_Insan_Vucudundaki_Gorevleri\">Suyun \u0130nsan V\u00fccudundaki G\u00f6revleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bitki_ve_Hayvanlar_Icin_Suyun_Onemi\">Bitki ve Hayvanlar \u0130\u00e7in Suyun \u00d6nemi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Endustride_Su_Tuketimi\">End\u00fcstride Su T\u00fcketimi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Dunyadaki_Su_Kaynaklari\">D\u00fcnyadaki Su Kaynaklar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Tatli_ve_Tuzlu_Suyun_Oranlari\">Tatl\u0131 ve Tuzlu Suyun Oranlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yeryuzundeki_Tatli_Suyun_Dagilimi\">Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Tatl\u0131 Suyun Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Turkiye8217nin_Su_Kaynaklari\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Su Kaynaklar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Su_Kaynaklarinin_Korunmasi\">Su Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Korunmas\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Su_Tasarrufu\">Su Tasarrufu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Suyun_Sertligi\">Suyun Sertli\u011fi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Gecici_ve_Kalici_Sertlik\">Ge\u00e7ici ve Kal\u0131c\u0131 Sertlik<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Suyun_Sertlik_Oranlari\">Suyun Sertlik Oranlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Sert_Sularin_Zararlari\">Sert Sular\u0131n Zararlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<p>Su ve hayat, birbirinden ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Su olmadan, bildi\u011fimiz anlamda, hayat da olamaz. Suyun de\u011ferini bilmek ve su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak bu y\u00fczden b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in hayati bir \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Insan_Vucudunda_Su\">\u0130nsan V\u00fccudunda Su<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nsan v\u00fccudu, b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda sudan olu\u015fur. Ya\u015f\u0131m\u0131z ilerledik\u00e7e, v\u00fccudumuzdaki su oran\u0131 da azal\u0131r. Yeni do\u011fan bebeklerin v\u00fccudunda %75-80 oran\u0131nda, yeti\u015fkin bir insan v\u00fccudunda ise %55-75 oran\u0131nda su bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki resim, ya\u015f\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re v\u00fccudumuzdaki su oran\u0131n g\u00f6stermektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"227\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Canlilarda-Su-Orani-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Ya\u015fa G\u00f6re V\u00fccudumuzdaki Su Oran\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-3245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Canlilarda-Su-Orani-SiteCenneti.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Canlilarda-Su-Orani-SiteCenneti-300x136.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Ya\u015fa G\u00f6re V\u00fccudumuzdaki Su Oran\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Insan_Vucuduna_Su_Giris-Cikisi\">\u0130nsan V\u00fccuduna Su Giri\u015f-\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Suyu, v\u00fccudumuza \u015fu yollarla al\u0131r\u0131z:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Temel su kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7me suyudur.<\/li><li>\u0130\u00e7me suyu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecekler de su ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131z i\u00e7in iyi birer kaynak olabilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Su; insan v\u00fccudundan \u015fu yollarla at\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Nefes verirken<\/li><li>Terleme yolu ile<\/li><li>Bo\u015falt\u0131m ile (idrar ve d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 ile)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nsan v\u00fccudunun g\u00fcnl\u00fck su ihtiyac\u0131, v\u00fccudun k\u00fctlesine ve insan\u0131n harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerjiye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir. V\u00fccut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve enerji harcamas\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a v\u00fccudun su ihtiyac\u0131 artar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ba5106\">\u00c7o\u011fu insan, su olmadan 7 g\u00fcnden fazla ya\u015fayamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcnl\u00fck su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in en ideal oran %60 su, %40 ise yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecekler olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Suyun_Insan_Vucudundaki_Gorevleri\">Suyun \u0130nsan V\u00fccudundaki G\u00f6revleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gerekli t\u00fcm v\u00fccut fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in suya ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Su v\u00fccudumuzda say\u0131s\u0131z ve \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flevleri yerine getirmesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in <strong>en \u00f6nemli besin maddesi<\/strong> olarak kabul edilir.<\/li><li>Su, t\u00fcm sindirim ve emilim i\u015flevleri i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/li><li>Suyun bir kalorisi yoktur fakat; v\u00fccuttaki \u00e7o\u011fu kimyasal tepkime, \u00f6zellikle de enerji \u00fcretiminde yer alan metabolik reaksiyonlar sulu ortamda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/li><li>V\u00fccut, egzersizlerden ve s\u0131cak ortamlardan kaynaklanan fazla v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemede suyu so\u011futucu olarak kullan\u0131r.<\/li><li>\u0130\u00e7 organlardaki zarlar\u0131n ve iskelet sistemindeki eklemlerin kayganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak hareketi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Bitki_ve_Hayvanlar_Icin_Suyun_Onemi\">Bitki ve Hayvanlar \u0130\u00e7in Suyun \u00d6nemi<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bitkilerin de ya\u015fayabilmesi i\u00e7in almas\u0131 gereken temel maddelerden birisi sudur.<\/li><li>Bitki topraktan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 suyu fotosentez i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde besin maddelerinin \u00fcretilmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li><li>Topraktan al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken di\u011fer mineraller de, su yolu ile, bitkinin yapraklar\u0131na kadar ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li><li>Terleme yolu ile de ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 suyu tekrar d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya verir.<\/li><li>Tatl\u0131 ve tuzlu sular\u0131n i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok fazla say\u0131da canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7eren bir ya\u015fam vard\u0131r. Okyanuslarda ya\u015fayan baz\u0131 organizmalar D\u00fcnya\u2019daki oksijen gaz\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u00fczdesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Endustride_Su_Tuketimi\">End\u00fcstride Su T\u00fcketimi<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Su, end\u00fcstriyel olarak da kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Tuzlu su korozyona (a\u015f\u0131nmaya) neden olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, end\u00fcstride tatl\u0131 su kullan\u0131l\u0131r. End\u00fcstride kullan\u0131lan tatl\u0131 su oran\u0131 D\u00fcnya\u2019daki tatl\u0131 suyun yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak %22\u2019sidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>End\u00fcstride su;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>ham madde<\/li><li>solvent (\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc)<\/li><li>so\u011futma s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131<\/li><li>ta\u015f\u0131ma maddesi<\/li><li>enerji kayna\u011f\u0131<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>olarak kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Dunyadaki_Su_Kaynaklari\">D\u00fcnyadaki Su Kaynaklar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcnyadaki su kaynaklar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"254\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Su-Kaynaklari-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Su Kaynaklar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-3252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Su-Kaynaklari-SiteCenneti.jpg 700w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Su-Kaynaklari-SiteCenneti-300x109.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Su Kaynaklar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Tatli_ve_Tuzlu_Suyun_Oranlari\">Tatl\u0131 ve Tuzlu Suyun Oranlar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki toplam suyun, sadece, % 2,5 kadar\u0131 tatl\u0131 sudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"343\" height=\"258\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Yeryuzundeki-Toplam-Su-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Toplam Su\" class=\"wp-image-3254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Yeryuzundeki-Toplam-Su-SiteCenneti.jpg 343w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Yeryuzundeki-Toplam-Su-SiteCenneti-300x226.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 343px) 100vw, 343px\" \/><figcaption>Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Toplam Su<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yeryuzundeki_Tatli_Suyun_Dagilimi\">Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Tatl\u0131 Suyun Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki pasta grafi\u011finde de g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki tatl\u0131 sular\u0131n sadece % 0,3 kadar\u0131 y\u00fczeysel sulard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"341\" height=\"259\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Yeryuzundeki-Toplam-Tatli-Su-SiteCenneti.jpg\" alt=\"Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Toplam Tatl\u0131 Su\" class=\"wp-image-3256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Yeryuzundeki-Toplam-Tatli-Su-SiteCenneti.jpg 341w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/10\/Su-ve-hayat-Yeryuzundeki-Toplam-Tatli-Su-SiteCenneti-300x228.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 341px) 100vw, 341px\" \/><figcaption>Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Toplam Tatl\u0131 Su<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Y\u00fczeysel sular\u0131n, k\u0131talara g\u00f6re da\u011fl\u0131m\u0131 da \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Amerika\u2019da %45<\/li><li>Asya\u2019da %28<\/li><li>Avrupa\u2019da %15,5<\/li><li>Afrika\u2019da %9<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Turkiye8217nin_Su_Kaynaklari\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Su Kaynaklar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye g\u00f6receli olarak, baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re fazla su kayna\u011f\u0131na sahip olsa da <em>su zengini bir \u00fclke de\u011fildir<\/em>. Ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen tatl\u0131 su miktar\u0131 da s\u00fcrekli azalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Su_Kaynaklarinin_Korunmasi\">Su Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Korunmas\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki suyun % 2,5 kadar\u0131 tatl\u0131 sudur. Bu tatl\u0131 suyun da sadece % 0,3 kadar\u0131 y\u00fczey sular\u0131d\u0131r. Bu orandan anl\u0131yoruz ki, i\u00e7me su kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7ok da zengin de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Su i\u00e7meden en fazla 7 g\u00fcn ya\u015fayabilece\u011fimizi, sadece insanlar\u0131n de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar\u0131n susuz ya\u015fayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek, su kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi bakmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini anlar\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki su kaynaklar\u0131n koruman\u0131n en etkili yolu, suyu kirletmemek ve tasarruflu kullanmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Su_Tasarrufu\">Su Tasarrufu<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Suyu tasarruflu kullanmak i\u00e7in kendimiz de baz\u0131 tedbirler alabiliriz. Bunlar tedbirler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Su ka\u00e7\u0131ran musluklar\u0131n tamir edilmesi<\/li><li>Banyo, mutfak ve evin di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde suyu tasarruflu kullanmak<\/li><li>Di\u015f f\u0131r\u00e7alarken, sakal t\u0131ra\u015f\u0131 olurken, elimizi sabunlarken suyu gereksiz yere harcamamak<\/li><li>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bula\u015f\u0131k ve \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r deterjan\u0131 kullanmamak<\/li><li>Mutfakta s\u00fcrekli akan suyun alt\u0131nda bula\u015f\u0131k y\u0131kamamak, bula\u015f\u0131k makinesi kullanmak<\/li><li>Bula\u015f\u0131k ve \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinelerini bo\u015f kullanmamak, tam kapasite ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak<\/li><li>Balkon gibi y\u0131kanabilir alanlar\u0131n silinerek temizlenmesini sa\u011flamak<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Suyun_Sertligi\">Suyun Sertli\u011fi<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u011fmur sular\u0131 saf suya olduk\u00e7a yak\u0131n sulard\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden, tats\u0131z bir sudur ve i\u00e7ilmesi uygun de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#6c5003\">Sular\u0131n kullan\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce renk, koku, tat, bulan\u0131kl\u0131k, mikroorganizmalar gibi istenmeyen \u00f6zelliklerinin iyile\u015ftirilmesine ve suyun kullan\u0131labilir hale getirilmesine <strong>su ar\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u011fmur sular\u0131, yer alt\u0131na do\u011fru s\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcrken, temas etti\u011fi kayalardan, kumdan ve topraktan baz\u0131 mineralleri \u00e7\u00f6zer ve yer alt\u0131 sular\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#5d031a\">Suya sertlik veren maddeler, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> ve Mg<sup>2+<\/sup> iyonlar\u0131d\u0131r. Yer alt\u0131 sular\u0131, kaya\u00e7larda bulunan Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> ve Mg<sup>2+<\/sup> iyonlar\u0131n\u0131 fazla \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015f ise <strong>sert su<\/strong>, az \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015f ise<strong> yumu\u015fak sulard\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Gecici_ve_Kalici_Sertlik\">Ge\u00e7ici ve Kal\u0131c\u0131 Sertlik<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> ve Mg<sup>2+<\/sup> iyonlar\u0131; kaya\u00e7lardaki Ca(HCO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> (Kalsiyum bikarbonat) ve<br>Mg(HCO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> (Magnezyum bikarbonat) tuzlar\u0131ndan geliyorsa olu\u015fan sertlik <strong>ge\u00e7ici sertlik<\/strong>tir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> ve Mg<sup>2+<\/sup> iyonlar\u0131; kaya\u00e7lardaki, CaSO<sub>4<\/sub> (Kalsiyum s\u00fclfat), MgSO<sub>4<\/sub> (Magnezyum s\u00fclfat) gibi tuzlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmesinden geliyorsa, olu\u015fan sertlik <strong>kal\u0131c\u0131 sertlik<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7ici sertlik suyun \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ile giderilebilirken, kal\u0131c\u0131 sertlik i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Suyun_Sertlik_Oranlari\">Suyun Sertlik Oranlar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Suyun sertlik ya da yumu\u015fakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olan Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> ve Mg<sup>2+<\/sup> iyonlar\u0131n\u0131n toplam oran\u0131 (deri\u015fimi) belirler. Bu iyonlar\u0131n deri\u015fimi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>60 mg\/L\u2019den az sular genel olarak yumu\u015fak sular<\/li><li>61-120 mg\/L aras\u0131 olanlar orta sertlikte sular<\/li><li>121-180 mg\/L aras\u0131 olanlar sert sular<\/li><li>180 mg\/L\u2019den daha fazla olanlar \u00e7ok sert sulard\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Sert_Sularin_Zararlari\">Sert Sular\u0131n Zararlar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sert suyu \u0131s\u0131t\u0131rsak, \u0131s\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kapta kire\u00e7 birikir.<\/li><li>Su borular\u0131, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lar, bula\u015f\u0131k makineleri hatta bardaklar ve yemek tak\u0131mlar\u0131nda bile kire\u00e7 olu\u015fmas\u0131 sert suyun olumsuz bir yan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>\u00c7aydanl\u0131klar\u0131n taban\u0131nda meydana gelen gri renkli sert kire\u00e7 birikimleri de ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7le ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/li><li>Sert sular, i\u00e7ilebilir nitelikte olsa da \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kamaya elveri\u015fli olmayan sulard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Sabun sert su ile temas etti\u011finde k\u00f6p\u00fcrmez ve temizleme \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6stermez. \u00d6nce sudaki sertli\u011fi olu\u015fturan Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> ve Mg<sup>2+<\/sup> iyonlar\u0131 sabundaki Na<sup>+<\/sup> iyonu ile yer de\u011fi\u015ftirir. Bu yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmede bir miktar sabun, temizleme \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6stermeden harcan\u0131r. Sabun ancak, bu \u015fekilde suyu yumu\u015fatt\u0131ktan sonra k\u00f6p\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flar.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#096943\">Kire\u00e7li bir \u00e7aydanl\u0131k ya da kazan, sirkeli veya limonlu suyla kaynat\u0131l\u0131rsa kire\u00e7 tabakas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclecektir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Su ve Hayat ders, &#8220;Do\u011fa ve Kimya&#8221; \u00fcnitesinin ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kimya 9 dersine ait olan bu ders, TYT seviyesinde ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir dille anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3245,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[132],"tags":[134],"class_list":["post-3244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-doga-ve-kimya","tag-su-ve-hayat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3244\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}