{"id":1355,"date":"2020-08-27T19:54:31","date_gmt":"2020-08-27T16:54:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/?p=1355"},"modified":"2022-07-01T00:34:38","modified_gmt":"2022-06-30T21:34:38","slug":"atomun-yapisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/atom-ve-periyodik-sistem\/atomun-yapisi\/","title":{"rendered":"2. Atomun Yap\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Atomun_Temel_Tanecikleri\">Atomun Temel Tanecikleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Proton_8211_Notron_8211_Elektronlari_Taniyalim\">Proton &#8211; N\u00f6tron &#8211; Elektronlar\u0131 Tan\u0131yal\u0131m<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atomun_Bolgeleri\">Atomun B\u00f6lgeleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1_Atomun_Cekirdegi\">1. Atomun \u00c7ekirde\u011fi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Atomun_Yorungeleri\">2. Atomun Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atom_Ile_Ilgili_Temel_Kavramlar\">Atom \u0130le \u0130lgili Temel Kavramlar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1_Atom_Numarasi_Z\">1. Atom Numaras\u0131 (Z)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Yuk\">2. Y\u00fck<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Atomun_Yuku\">Atomun Y\u00fck\u00fc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yuk_Icin_Kullanilan_Diger_Kavramlar\">Y\u00fck \u0130\u00e7in Kullan\u0131lan Di\u011fer Kavramlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Notr_Atomlar_8211_Iyonlar\">N\u00f6tr Atomlar &#8211; \u0130yonlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#1_Notr_Atomlar\">1. N\u00f6tr Atomlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Iyonlar\">2. \u0130yonlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atomlar_Nasil_Iyonlara_Donusur\">Atomlar Nas\u0131l \u0130yonlara D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Anyonlar_ve_Katyonlar\">Anyonlar ve Katyonlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#21_Anyonlar\">2.1. Anyonlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#22_Katyonlar\">2.2. Katyonlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Iyonlar_da_Elektron_Alis-Verisi_Yapabilir\">\u0130yonlar da Elektron Al\u0131\u015f-Veri\u015fi Yapabilir<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Elektron_Alis-Verisi_Tepkimeleri\">Elektron Al\u0131\u015f-Veri\u015fi Tepkimeleri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atomun_Yuku_Nasil_Hesaplanir\">Atomun Y\u00fck\u00fc Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Yuklu_Molekuller_Kok_Iyonlar\">Y\u00fckl\u00fc Molek\u00fcller (K\u00f6k \u0130yonlar)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-2\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-3\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-4\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-5\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Kutle_Numarasi_KN_veya_A\">3. K\u00fctle Numaras\u0131 (K.N. veya A)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Kutle_Numarasi_Nasil_Hesaplanir\">K\u00fctle Numaras\u0131 Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atomlarin_Temel_Taneciklerinin_Sembolu_Etrafinda_Gosterimi\">Atomlar\u0131n Temel Taneciklerinin Sembol\u00fc Etraf\u0131nda G\u00f6sterimi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek-6\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atomun_Temel_Tanecikleri_Ile_Ilgili_Formuller\">Atomun Temel Tanecikleri \u0130le \u0130lgili Form\u00fcller<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek-7\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-8\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-9\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Izotop_8211_Izobar_8211_Izoton_8211_Izoelektronik_Atomlar\">4. \u0130zotop &#8211; \u0130zobar &#8211; \u0130zoton &#8211; \u0130zoelektronik Atomlar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Izotop_Atomlar\">\u0130zotop Atomlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Izoton_Atomlar\">\u0130zoton Atomlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Izobar_Atomlar\">\u0130zobar Atomlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Izoelektronik_Atomlar\">\u0130zoelektronik Atomlar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atomlarin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozelliklerinin_Karsilastirilmasi\">Atomlar\u0131n Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zelliklerinin Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><ul><li><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek-10\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Konu_Ozeti\">Konu \u00d6zeti<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube stcnnt-video-banner wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"2022 - TYT Kimya - Atom ve Periyodik Sistem - 2. B\u00f6l\u00fcm - Atomun Yap\u0131s\u0131\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/G-C_mu217VM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Atom ve Periyodik Sistem &#8211; Atomun Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Atom; <strong><em>proton<\/em><\/strong>, <strong><em>n\u00f6tron<\/em><\/strong> ve <strong><em>elektronlar\u0131n<\/em><\/strong> belli bir d\u00fczene g\u00f6re bir araya gelerek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/kimyasal-turler-arasi-etkilesimler\/kimyasal-turler\/\">kimyasal t\u00fcrd\u00fcr<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Proton, n\u00f6tron ve elektronlar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve atomdaki yerle\u015fimlerini anlarsak, atomun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da anlam\u0131\u015f oluruz.<\/li><li>Atomun merkezinde bir <strong><em>\u00e7ekirdek<\/em><\/strong> vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Atomun merkezindeki bu <strong><em>\u00e7ekirdek<\/em><\/strong>, atoma g\u00f6re <strong><em>\u00e7ok \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><li>Atomun <strong><em>\u00e7ekirde\u011finin etraf\u0131nda y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler vard\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>\u00c7ekirde\u011fin etraf\u0131ndaki bu <strong><em>y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerde elektronlar durmadan d\u00f6ner.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomun_Temel_Tanecikleri\">Atomun Temel Tanecikleri<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group p-0 pt-4 pb-4 has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ffe8a9\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u00fc\u00e7 <strong>temel tanecik<\/strong> vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bu temel tanecikler \u015funlard\u0131r:<ul><li><strong>Protonlar<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>N\u00f6tronlar<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Elektronlar<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/atom-cekirdek-elektron.jpg\" alt=\"Atom - Proton, N\u00f6tron ve Elektronlar\u0131n Yerle\u015fimi\" class=\"wp-image-1360\" width=\"474\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/atom-cekirdek-elektron.jpg 647w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/atom-cekirdek-elektron-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><figcaption>Atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011fi ve y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bu \u00fc\u00e7 par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011fa; &#8220;<strong><em>atomun temel tanecikleri<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; ya da &#8220;<strong><em>atom alt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; denir.<ul><li>B\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar; bu 3 temel atom alt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir araya gelmesi ile olu\u015fur.<\/li><li>Fakat atomu olu\u015fturabilmeleri i\u00e7in bu par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n belli bir d\u00fczene g\u00f6re bir araya gelmesi gerekir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Proton_8211_Notron_8211_Elektronlari_Taniyalim\">Proton &#8211; N\u00f6tron &#8211; Elektronlar\u0131 Tan\u0131yal\u0131m<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomu meydana getiren bu 3 temel taneci\u011fin, her birinin bir k\u00fctlesi ve y\u00fck\u00fc vard\u0131r.<ul><li>Atomu anlayabilmek i\u00e7in bunlar\u0131 da bilmek gerekir.<\/li><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda proton, n\u00f6tron ve elektronun y\u00fck ve k\u00fctle \u00f6zellikleri verilmi\u015ftir:<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"table table-dark\">\n\t<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n\t\t<th scope=\"col\">Proton<\/th>\n\t\t<th scope=\"col\">N\u00f6tron<\/th>\n\t\t<th scope=\"col\">Elektron<\/th>\n\t  <\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n\t  <tr>\n\t\t<th scope=\"row\">Sembol\u00fc<\/th>\n\t\t<td scope=\"col\">p veya p<sup>+<\/sup><\/td>\n<td scope=\"col\">n veya n<sup>o<\/sup><\/td>\n<td scope=\"col\">e veya e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/td>\n\t  <\/tr>\n<tr>\n\t\t<th scope=\"row\">K\u00fctlesi (gram)<\/th>\n\t\t<td scope=\"col\">1,672&#215;10<sup>-24<\/sup> g<\/td>\n<td scope=\"col\">1,675&#215;10<sup>-24<\/sup> g<\/td>\n<td scope=\"col\">9,109&#215;10<sup>-28<\/sup> g<\/td>\n\t  <\/tr>\n\n<tr>\n\t\t<th scope=\"row\">K\u00fctlesi (akb)<\/th>\n\t\t<td scope=\"col\">1 akb<\/td>\n<td scope=\"col\">1 akb<\/td>\n<td scope=\"col\">0 akb<\/td>\n\t  <\/tr>\n\t  <tr>\n\t\t<th scope=\"row\">Y\u00fck\u00fc (C)<\/th>\n\t\t<td>+1,602&#215;10<sup>-19<\/sup> C<\/td>\n\t\t<td>0 C<\/td>\n\t\t<td>-1,602&#215;10<sup>-19<\/sup> C<\/td>\n\t  <\/tr>\n<tr>\n\t\t<th scope=\"row\">Birim Y\u00fck\u00fc<\/th>\n\t\t<td>+1<\/td>\n\t\t<td>0<\/td>\n\t\t<td>-1<\/td>\n\t  <\/tr>\n\t<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Tablodan anl\u0131yoruz ki:<\/strong><ul><li>Protonlar <strong>pozitif (+)<\/strong> y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<ul><li>Her bir proton +1 y\u00fckl\u00fc kabul edilir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elektron <strong>negatif (-)<\/strong> y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<ul><li>Her bir elektron -1 y\u00fckl\u00fc kabul edilir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li>N\u00f6tronun y\u00fck\u00fc yoktur (s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r).<ul><li>Bu y\u00fczden, atomun <strong>y\u00fck\u00fc <\/strong>hesaplan\u0131rken n\u00f6tronlar dikkate al\u0131nmaz.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Proton ve elektronun y\u00fckleri e\u015fit fakat z\u0131t i\u015faretlidir.<\/li><li>Proton ve n\u00f6tronun k\u00fctleleri birbirine neredeyse e\u015fittir.<ul><li>N\u00f6tronun k\u00fctlesi, protondan \u00e7ok az daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elektronun k\u00fctlesi proton ve n\u00f6trona g\u00f6re yok kabul edilir.<ul><li>Bu y\u00fczden, atomun <strong>k\u00fctlesi <\/strong>hesaplan\u0131rken elektronlar hesaba kat\u0131lmaz.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomun_Bolgeleri\">Atomun B\u00f6lgeleri<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atom, temel taneciklerin yerle\u015fimine g\u00f6re <strong>iki b\u00f6lgeden olu\u015fur<\/strong>. Bu b\u00f6lgeler \u015funlard\u0131r:<ol><li><strong>\u00c7ekirdek<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"1_Atomun_Cekirdegi\">1. Atomun \u00c7ekirde\u011fi<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#ffd8e2\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Her atomun<\/strong> bir \u00e7ekirde\u011fi vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Atomlar\u0131n \u00e7ekirde\u011finde, birbirine yap\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u015fekilde duran <strong>proton ve n\u00f6tronlardan<\/strong> ba\u015fka bir \u015fey yoktur.<ul><li><strong>\u0130stisna<\/strong>: Hidrojenin izotoplar\u0131ndan birinin \u00e7ekirde\u011finde n\u00f6tron yoktur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Atom \u00e7ekirde\u011fi, atoma g\u00f6re \u00e7ok \u00e7ok <strong>k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir hacim kaplar<\/strong>.<ul><li>\u00c7ekirde\u011finin ne kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in atom ile ilgili \u015f\u00f6yle bir benzetme yapabiliriz: <strong>Atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011fi bir kiraz b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde olsayd\u0131, atomun \u00e7ap\u0131 bir futbol sahas\u0131n\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu kadar olurdu.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen atomun<strong> b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00fctlesi \u00e7ekirde\u011findedir<\/strong>.<ul><li>Yani atomdan \u00e7ekirde\u011fini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rsan\u0131z geriye kalanlar\u0131n bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur.<\/li><li>Elektronlar\u0131n k\u00fctlesi \u00e7ok \u00e7ok azd\u0131r, bu y\u00fczden ihmal edilir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Fiziksel ve kimyasal olaylarda aktif bir rol\u00fc yoktur.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"2_Atomun_Yorungeleri\">2. Atomun Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#daf1ff\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler; elektronlar\u0131n <strong>\u00e7ekirdek etraf\u0131ndaki dairesel rotalar\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler, t\u0131pk\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015f etraf\u0131ndaki y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi gibi asl\u0131nda g\u00f6z ile g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen \u015feyler de\u011fil, elektronlar\u0131 takip etti\u011fi <strong>hayali rotalard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/li><li>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler, atom \u00e7ekirde\u011finin etraf\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bilinen en b\u00fcy\u00fck atomun 7 tane y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Elektronlar, y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerinde ve \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek h\u0131zlarda d\u00f6nerler.<\/li><li>\u00c7ap\u0131 en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan y\u00f6r\u00fcnge, \u00e7ekirde\u011fe en yak\u0131n olan 1. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedir.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerin elektron kapasitesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<ul><li>1. y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye en fazla 2 elektron s\u0131\u011far.<\/li><li>2. y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye en fazla 8 elektron s\u0131\u011far.<\/li><li>3. y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye en fazla 18 elektron s\u0131\u011far.<\/li><li>4. y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye en fazla 32 elektron s\u0131\u011far.<\/li><li>Son y\u00f6r\u00fcngede en fazla 8 elektron olabilir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u00c7ekirdekten uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a, y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerin \u00e7aplar\u0131 artar.<\/li><li>\u00c7ap\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck olan y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye daha \u00e7ok elektron s\u0131\u011far. Hangi y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye ka\u00e7 elektron s\u0131\u011fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilerleyen ba\u015fl\u0131klarda g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/li><li>&#8220;Y\u00f6r\u00fcnge&#8221; i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ba\u015fka kavramlar da vard\u0131r. Bunlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<ul><li><strong>Kabuk<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Enerji Seviyesi<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Temel Enerji Seviyesi<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Ba\u015f Kuantum Say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Katman<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atom_Ile_Ilgili_Temel_Kavramlar\">Atom \u0130le \u0130lgili Temel Kavramlar<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi anlayabilmek i\u00e7in, \u015fu kavramlar\u0131 da bilmek gerekir:<ol><li>Atom Numaras\u0131<\/li><li>Y\u00fck<\/li><li>K\u00fctle Numaras\u0131<\/li><li>\u0130zotop &#8211; \u0130zobar &#8211; \u0130zoton &#8211; \u0130zoelektronik Atomlar<\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"1_Atom_Numarasi_Z\">1. Atom Numaras\u0131 (Z)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#d9f0ff\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Proton say\u0131s\u0131 demektir.<\/li><li>Atomdaki protonlar\u0131n toplam say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li><strong><em>Atom numaras\u0131n\u0131n<\/em><\/strong> iki ismi daha vard\u0131r. Bunlar:<ul><li><strong><em>Proton say\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li><strong><em>\u00c7ekirdek y\u00fck\u00fc<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Sembol\u00fc <strong>Z<\/strong> harfidir.<\/li><li>Atomdaki protonlar\u0131n toplam say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>N\u00f6t\u00fcr bir atomda, proton say\u0131s\u0131 ile elektron say\u0131s\u0131 birbirine e\u015fittir.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Kimyasal tepkimelerde, bir atom protonlar\u0131n\u0131 asla vermez veya ba\u015fka bir atomdan proton almaz.<ul><li>Al\u0131n\u0131p verilemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in <strong><em>atom numaras\u0131 sabittir.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>Bu y\u00fczden proton say\u0131s\u0131, bir atomun <em>T.C. Kimlik Numaras\u0131<\/em> gibidir.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Mesela b\u00fct\u00fcn Fe (demir) atomlar\u0131n\u0131n proton say\u0131s\u0131 26&#8217;d\u0131r. \u00c7ekirde\u011finde 26 tane proton olan her atom bir demir atomudur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"2_Yuk\">2. Y\u00fck<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#d9fff1\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>Tabiatta 2 \u00e7e\u015fit y\u00fck vard\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li><li>Bunlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<ul><li><strong><em>art\u0131 (&#8220;+&#8221; pozitif) y\u00fck<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li><strong><em>eksi (&#8220;-&#8221; veya negatif) y\u00fck<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong><em>Protonlar<\/em><\/strong>, tabiattaki <strong><em>pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcn kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>.<ul><li>Protonu olan her atomda pozitif y\u00fck var demektir.<\/li><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>5 tane protonun y\u00fck\u00fc +5 olur.<\/li><li>8 tane protonun y\u00fck\u00fc +8 olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong><em>Elektronlar<\/em><\/strong>, ise <strong><em>negatif y\u00fck\u00fcn kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><ul><li>Elektronu olan her atomda negatif y\u00fck var demektir.<\/li><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>5 tane elektronun y\u00fck\u00fc -5 olur.<\/li><li>8 tane elektronun y\u00fck\u00fc -8 olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomun_Yuku\">Atomun Y\u00fck\u00fc<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Protonlar\u0131n\u0131n ve elektronlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcklerinin toplam\u0131na atomun <strong>y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong> denir.<ul><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>5 tane protonu (+5 yapar)<\/li><li>8 tane elektronu (-8 yapar)<br>olan bir <strong>atomun y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong>:<ul><li>+5-8 = <strong>-3<\/strong> olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>12 tane protonu<\/li><li>10 tane elektronu<br>olan bir <strong>atomun y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong>:<ul><li>+12-10 = <strong>+2<\/strong> olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Mesela:<ul><li>15 tane protonu<\/li><li>15 tane elektronu<br>olan bir <strong>atomun y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong>:<ul><li>+15-15 = <strong>0<\/strong> olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>N\u00f6tronlar<\/strong>, y\u00fcks\u00fcz taneciklerdir ve atomun y\u00fck hesaplamalar\u0131nda <strong>dikkate al\u0131nmazlar<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yuk_Icin_Kullanilan_Diger_Kavramlar\">Y\u00fck \u0130\u00e7in Kullan\u0131lan Di\u011fer Kavramlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomlar\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fc i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan isimler \u015funlard\u0131r:<ul><li><strong>\u0130yon y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Y\u00fckseltgenme basama\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Oksidasyon basama\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>De\u011ferlik<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Notr_Atomlar_8211_Iyonlar\">N\u00f6tr Atomlar &#8211; \u0130yonlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Y\u00fcklerine g\u00f6re atomlar \u015fu isimleri al\u0131r:<ol><li><strong>N\u00f6t\u00fcr Atomlar<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u0130yonlar (y\u00fckl\u00fc atomlar)<\/strong><br>\u0130yonlar da kendi i\u00e7inde ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<ol><li><strong>Anyonlar<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Katyonlar<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"1_Notr_Atomlar\">1. N\u00f6tr Atomlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Proton say\u0131s\u0131 ile elektron say\u0131s\u0131 e\u015fit olan atomlara <strong>n\u00f6tr atomlar<\/strong> denir.<ul><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>9 tane protonu<\/li><li>9 tane elektronu<br>olan bir atom n\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>N\u00f6tr bir atomun;<br>17 tane elektronu varsa<br>17 tane de protonu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>N\u00f6tr atomlar i\u00e7in \u015funlar s\u00f6ylenebilir:<\/strong><ul><li>Proton say\u0131s\u0131 ile elektron say\u0131s\u0131 e\u015fittir.<ul><li>Yani; negatif ve pozitif y\u00fckler birbirine e\u015fit miktardad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Toplam y\u00fckleri s\u0131f\u0131r eder.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Atomun y\u00fck\u00fc s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/li><li>Atom y\u00fcks\u00fczd\u00fcr.<\/li><li>Atom n\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>N\u00f6t\u00fcr atomlarda sadece atomun sembol\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131r, y\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r.<ul><li>N\u00f6tr atomlara \u00f6rnekler:<ul><li>He<\/li><li>Ne<\/li><li>Na<\/li><li>H<\/li><li>O<\/li><li>&#8230;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"2_Iyonlar\">2. \u0130yonlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Proton say\u0131s\u0131 ile elektron say\u0131s\u0131 e\u015fit olmayan atomlara iyon denir.<\/li><li>\u0130yonlar\u0131n, pozitif veya negatif bir tam say\u0131 ile g\u00f6sterilen <strong>y\u00fckleri vard\u0131r<\/strong>.<ul><li>Y\u00fck\u00fcn i\u015fareti genellikle say\u0131n\u0131n sonuna yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u0130yonlar\u0131n y\u00fcklerini g\u00f6steren say\u0131lar, sembol ya da form\u00fcllerinin <strong>sa\u011f \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fesinde<\/strong> verilir:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>O<sup><strong>2-<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>Ca<sup><strong>2+<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>Al<sup><strong>3+<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>Na<sup><strong>+<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>NH<sub>4<\/sub><sup><strong>+<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>F<sup><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>P<sup><strong>3-<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>PO<sub>4<\/sub><sup><strong>3-<\/strong><\/sup> <\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-c0e74e5d-6b9b-43f3-8d6f-105d77de33f0\"><li>Bir iyonun y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc yazarken, farkl\u0131 tarzlar kullan\u0131labilir.<ul><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>; a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Oksijen (O) atomlar\u0131n\u0131n hepsi <strong>-2<\/strong> (eksi iki) y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<ul><li>O<sup><strong>-2<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>O<sup><strong>=<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>O<sup><strong>&#8211; &#8211;<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>O<sup><strong>2-<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Mesela; <\/strong>a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Kalsiyum (Ca) atomlar\u0131n\u0131n hepsi de +2 (art\u0131 iki) y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<ul><li>Ca<sup><strong>+2<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>Ca<sup><strong>++<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><li>Ca<sup><strong>2+<\/strong><\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomlar_Nasil_Iyonlara_Donusur\">Atomlar Nas\u0131l \u0130yonlara D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr?<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0130yonlar, n\u00f6t\u00fcr atomlar\u0131n <strong>elektron almas\u0131<\/strong> ya da <strong>elektron vermesi<\/strong> sonucu olu\u015furlar.<\/li><li>\u0130yon olu\u015fumu, bir kimyasal olayd\u0131r.<ul><li>Atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011fi kimyasal olaylara kat\u0131lmaz.<ul><li>Bu y\u00fczden, iyon olu\u015fumu esans\u0131nda, atomlar\u0131n proton ya da n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmez.<\/li><li>\u0130yon olu\u015fumu esnas\u0131nda proton ya da n\u00f6tron al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015fi olmaz.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elektron al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren n\u00f6tr bir atom, bir <strong>anyon ya da katyona d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Anyonlar_ve_Katyonlar\">Anyonlar ve Katyonlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0130yonlar, y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r:<ol><li><strong>Anyonlar<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Katyonlar<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"21_Anyonlar\">2.1. Anyonlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 protonlardan \u00e7oktur.<ul><li>Bu y\u00fczden <strong>y\u00fckleri <\/strong>her zaman <strong>eksidir <\/strong>(-).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Baz\u0131 anyonlar:<ul><li><strong>O<sup>2-<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><li><strong>F<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><li><strong>P<sup>3-<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><li><strong>PO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>3-<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 ile proton say\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki <strong>fark <\/strong>y\u00fcklerini verir.<ul><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>-1 y\u00fckl\u00fc bir anyonda;<br>elektron say\u0131s\u0131<br>proton say\u0131s\u0131ndan<br><strong>1 tane fazlad\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>-3 y\u00fckl\u00fc bir anyonda;<br>elektron say\u0131s\u0131<br>proton say\u0131s\u0131ndan<br><strong>3 tane fazlad\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>N\u00f6tr atomlar <strong>elektron al\u0131nca<\/strong> anyonlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler.<\/li><li><strong>N\u00f6t\u00fcr bir atom elektron al\u0131rlarsa<\/strong>, elektron ve proton say\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki e\u015fitlik elektronlar lehine bozulur ve <strong>anyonlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler.<\/strong><ul><li><strong>N\u00f6tr <\/strong>bir atom:<ul><li><strong>1 elektron al\u0131rsa -1 y\u00fckl\u00fc<\/strong> bir anyon olur.<\/li><li><strong>2 elektron al\u0131rsa -2 y\u00fckl\u00fc<\/strong> bir anyon olur.<\/li><li><strong>3 elektron al\u0131rsa -3 y\u00fckl\u00fc<\/strong> bir anyon olur&#8230;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Anyonlarda, elektron say\u0131s\u0131 proton say\u0131s\u0131ndan mutlaka fazlad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"22_Katyonlar\">2.2. Katyonlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Proton say\u0131lar\u0131 elektron say\u0131lar\u0131ndan fazlad\u0131r.<\/li><li>Y\u00fckleri pozitiftir (+).<ul><li>Baz\u0131 katyonlar:<ul><li>Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><\/li><li>Al<sup>3+<\/sup><\/li><li>Na<sup>+<\/sup><\/li><li>NH<sub>4<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Proton ve elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark, y\u00fcklerini verir.<ul><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>+1 y\u00fckl\u00fc bir katyonda<br>proton say\u0131s\u0131<br>elektron say\u0131s\u0131ndan<br><strong>1 tane fazlad\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li>+3 y\u00fckl\u00fc bir katyonda<br>proton say\u0131s\u0131<br>elektron say\u0131s\u0131ndan<br><strong>3 tane fazlad\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>N\u00f6t\u00fcr atomlar elektron vererek katyonlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/li><li><strong>N\u00f6t\u00fcr bir atom elektron verirse<\/strong>, elektron ve proton say\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki e\u015fitlik protonlar lehine bozulur ve <strong>katyonlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler.<\/strong><ul><li><strong>N\u00f6tr <\/strong>bir atom:<ul><li><strong>1 elektron verirse +1 y\u00fckl\u00fc<\/strong> bir katyon olur.<\/li><li><strong>2 elektron verirse +2 y\u00fckl\u00fc<\/strong> bir katyon olur.<\/li><li><strong>3 elektron verirse +3 y\u00fckl\u00fc<\/strong> bir katyon olur&#8230;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Katyonlarda, proton say\u0131s\u0131, elektron say\u0131s\u0131ndan mutlaka daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Iyonlar_da_Elektron_Alis-Verisi_Yapabilir\">\u0130yonlar da Elektron Al\u0131\u015f-Veri\u015fi Yapabilir<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir iyon:<ul><li>Ka\u00e7 tane elektron al\u0131rsa y\u00fck\u00fc o kadar eksilir.<ul><li>Al\u0131nan elektron say\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fckten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Ka\u00e7 tane elektron verirse y\u00fck\u00fc o kadar artar.<ul><li>Verilen elektron say\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fcke eklenir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li><strong>X<sup>+2<\/sup> iyonu<\/strong>;<br>1 elektron al\u0131rsa X<sup>+1<\/sup> olur.<br>2 elektron al\u0131rsa n\u00f6t\u00fcr X olur.<br>3 elektron al\u0131rsa X<sup>-1<\/sup> olur.<br>4 elektron al\u0131rsa X<sup>-2<\/sup> olur.<br><br>1 elektron verirse X<sup>+3<\/sup> olur.<br>2 elektron verirse X<sup>+4<\/sup> olur.<br>3 elektron verirse X<sup>+5<\/sup> olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li><strong>X<sup>-2<\/sup> iyonu<\/strong>;<br>1 elektron al\u0131rsa X<sup>-3<\/sup> olur.<br>2 elektron al\u0131rsa X<sup>-4<\/sup> olur.<br><br>1 elektron verirse X<sup>-1<\/sup> olur.<br>2 elektron verirse n\u00f6tr X olur.<br>3 elektron verirse X<sup>+1<\/sup> olur.<br>4 elektron verirse X<sup>+2<\/sup> olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Elektron_Alis-Verisi_Tepkimeleri\">Elektron Al\u0131\u015f-Veri\u015fi Tepkimeleri<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kimyasal tepkimede, bir X atomu 1 elektron alarak X<sup>-1<\/sup> iyonuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr:<ul><li><strong>X + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> \u2192 X<sup>-1<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tepkimede, bir X atomu 4 elektron alarak X<sup>-4<\/sup> iyonuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr:<ul><li><strong>X + 4e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> \u2192 X<sup>-4<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tepkimede, bir X<sup>+3<\/sup> iyonu 4 elektron alarak X<sup>-1<\/sup> iyonuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr:<ul><li><strong>X<sup>+3<\/sup> + 4e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> \u2192 X<sup>-1<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tepkimede, bir X atomu 1 elektron vererek X<sup>+1<\/sup> iyonuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr:<ul><li><strong>X \u2192 X<sup>+1<\/sup> + e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tepkimede, bir X atomu 3 elektron vererek X<sup>+3<\/sup> iyonuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr:<ul><li><strong>X \u2192 X<sup>+3<\/sup> + 3e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tepkimede, bir X<sup>-3<\/sup> iyonu 5 elektron vererek X<sup>+2<\/sup> iyonuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr:<ul><li><strong>X<sup>-3<\/sup> \u2192 X<sup>+2<\/sup> + 5e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomun_Yuku_Nasil_Hesaplanir\">Atomun Y\u00fck\u00fc Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Y\u00fck hesaplamak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcllerden herhangi biri kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-background-color has-background\"><strong><em>Y\u00fck = <\/em><\/strong><em><strong>Elektronlar\u0131n toplam y\u00fck\u00fc + Protonlar\u0131n toplam y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-background-color has-background\"><strong><em>Y\u00fck = <\/em><\/strong><em><strong>Proton say\u0131s\u0131 &#8211; Elektron say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yuklu_Molekuller_Kok_Iyonlar\">Y\u00fckl\u00fc Molek\u00fcller (K\u00f6k \u0130yonlar)<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Molek\u00fcller bir sonraki \u00fcnitenin konusu oldu\u011fundan burada k\u0131saca bahsedilecektir.<ul><li>Molek\u00fclleri daha detayl\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ba\u011flant\u0131ya t\u0131klayabilirsiniz:<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/kimyasal-turler-arasi-etkilesimler\/kimyasal-turler\/#2_Molekuller\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Molek\u00fcller<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Aralar\u0131nda kovalent ba\u011flar bulunan atom topluluklar\u0131na <strong>molek\u00fcl <\/strong>denir.<ul><li><strong>Molek\u00fcl \u00f6rnekleri<\/strong>:<ul><li>H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/li><li>NH<sub>3<\/sub><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Molek\u00fcllerin y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131yanlar\u0131na k\u00f6k veya k\u00f6k iyon denir.<ul><li><strong>K\u00f6k iyon \u00f6rnekleri:<\/strong><ul><li>CO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup><\/li><li>NH<sub>4<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>K\u00f6k iyonlar\u0131n da anyon ve katyonlar\u0131 vard\u0131r:<ul><li><strong>Katyon k\u00f6k iyonlara \u00f6rnekler:<\/strong><ul><li>NH<sub>4<\/sub><sup>+<\/sup><\/li><li>H<sub>3<\/sub>O<sup>+<\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><strong>Anyon k\u00f6k iyonlara \u00f6rnekler:<\/strong><ul><li>CO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup><\/li><li>NO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>B\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar\u0131n\u0131n protonlar\u0131n\u0131 toplarsak, k\u00f6k iyonun <strong>toplam proton say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> bulmu\u015f oluruz.<\/li><li>Y\u00fck bulma kurallar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak da iyondaki <strong>toplam elektron say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> buluruz.<ul><li><strong>Mesela<\/strong>:<ul><li><strong>CO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup> k\u00f6k\u00fcnde:<\/strong><ul><li>1 tane C atomu<\/li><li>3 tane O atomu vard\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Bu konu ile ilgili sorularda <sub>6<\/sub>C ve <sub>8<\/sub>O olarak verilmelidir. Yani<ul><li>1 tane C atomunun 6 protonu,<\/li><li>1 tane O atomunun 8 protonu vard\u0131r.<ul><li>3 tane O atomunda 3&#215;8=24 tane proton olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>CO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>2-<\/sup><\/strong> k\u00f6k\u00fcndeki toplam proton say\u0131s\u0131 da<ul><li>6 + 24 = <strong>30 proton<\/strong> olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u0130yondaki toplam elektron say\u0131s\u0131 da \u015f\u00f6yle bulunur:<ul><li><strong>Y\u00fck = p.s &#8211; e.s<\/strong> form\u00fcl\u00fcnden<ul><li>-2 = 30 &#8211; e.s<\/li><li>e.s = 30 + 2<\/li><li><strong>e.s = 32 elektron olur.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>K\u00f6klerdeki her bir atomun elektron say\u0131s\u0131 TYT kimyas\u0131nda sorulmayacakt\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>12 protonu, 10 elektronu olan bir atomun iyon y\u00fck\u00fc ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-huge-font-size\"><strong>+2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p><strong>I. YOL:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proton say\u0131s\u0131 12, elektron say\u0131s\u0131 da 10 olan bir atomda y\u00fck \u015f\u00f6yle hesaplanabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Y\u00fck = Proton say\u0131s\u0131 &#8211; Elektron say\u0131s\u0131<br>Y\u00fck = 12 &#8211; 10 = +2<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>II. YOL:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Protonlar\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fc: Her bir protonun birim y\u00fck\u00fc +1 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in 12 protonun birim y\u00fck\u00fc toplam +12 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elektronlar\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fc: Her bir elektronun birim y\u00fck\u00fc -1 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in 10 elektronun birim y\u00fck\u00fc toplam -10 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Atomun y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc bulmak i\u00e7in yapmam\u0131z gereken \u015fey, +12 ile -10&#8217;u toplamakt\u0131r. Bu i\u015flem bildi\u011fimiz tam say\u0131larda toplama i\u015flemidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fck = Elektronlar\u0131n birim y\u00fck\u00fc + Protonlar\u0131n birim y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fck = -10 + 12 = +2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cevap +2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-2\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da; anyon, katyon ve n\u00f6t\u00fcr olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f baz\u0131 atomlar verilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re hangi se\u00e7enekte bir hata yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.34%\">\n<p>A)<br>Anyon: S<sup>2-<\/sup>, N<sup>3-<\/sup><br>Katyon: Na<sup>+<\/sup>, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><br>N\u00f6t\u00fcr: H, C<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.34%\">\n<p>B)<br>Anyon: Na<sup>+<\/sup>, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><br>Katyon: S<sup>2-<\/sup>, N<sup>3-<\/sup><br>N\u00f6t\u00fcr: H, C<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p>C)<br>Anyon: S<sup>2-<\/sup>, N<sup>3-<\/sup><br>Katyon: H, C<br>N\u00f6t\u00fcr: Na<sup>+<\/sup>, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.34%\">\n<p>D)<br>Anyon: H, C<br>Katyon: Na<sup>+<\/sup>, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><br>N\u00f6t\u00fcr: S<sup>2-<\/sup>, N<sup>3-<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.34%\">\n<p>E)<br>Anyon: S<sup>2-<\/sup>, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><br>Katyon: Na<sup>+<\/sup>, N<sup>3-<\/sup><br>N\u00f6t\u00fcr: H, C<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-huge-font-size\"><strong>A<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Anyonlar eksi y\u00fckl\u00fc iyonlard\u0131r: S<sup>2-<\/sup>, N<sup>3-<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Katyonlar art\u0131 y\u00fckl\u00fc iyonlard\u0131r: Na<sup>+<\/sup>, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f6t\u00fcr atomlar\u0131 y\u00fcks\u00fczd\u00fcr: H, C<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fck = -10 + 12 = +2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cevap +2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-3\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fck\u00fc -3 olan bir iyonun, 15 tane protonu varsa, elektron say\u0131s\u0131 ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-huge-font-size\"><strong>18<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p><strong>I. YOL:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proton say\u0131s\u0131 15, y\u00fck\u00fc de -3 olan bir iyonun elektron say\u0131s\u0131 x olsun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x \u015f\u00f6yle hesaplanabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Y\u00fck = Proton say\u0131s\u0131 &#8211; Elektron say\u0131s\u0131<br>-3 = 15 &#8211; x<br>x = 15 + 3<br>x = 18<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cevap +2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-4\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>X<sup>+1<\/sup> iyonundan 2 elektron koparsa, y\u00fck\u00fc ka\u00e7 olur?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong><strong><em>+3<\/em><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Bir atom ya da iyondan elektron kopart\u0131rsak, kopartt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z elektron say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcne ekleriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130yonun y\u00fck\u00fc +1 ve kopart\u0131lan elektron say\u0131s\u0131 da 2 ise, son y\u00fck:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f3bac8\"><strong>+1 + 2 = +3<\/strong> <strong>olur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Cevap: +3<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-5\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>X<sup>n<\/sup> \u2192 X<sup>4+<\/sup> + 3e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Yukar\u0131da verilen tepkimedeki n say\u0131s\u0131 ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong><strong><em>+<\/em>1<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Tepkimenin \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen 3e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>, X<sup>n<\/sup> iyonunun 3 tane elektron verdi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. X<sup>n<\/sup> iyonu, 3 elektron vermi\u015f ve +4 y\u00fckl\u00fc olmu\u015ftur. Demek ki y\u00fck\u00fcne 3 eklendi\u011finde y\u00fck\u00fc +4 olmu\u015ftur. O zaman \u015fu denklemi kurarak n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bulabiliriz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:18px\"><strong>n + 3 = +4<br>n = +1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Cevap: +3<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"3_Kutle_Numarasi_KN_veya_A\">3. K\u00fctle Numaras\u0131 (K.N. veya A)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#ffe499\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:45%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>K\u00fctle numaras\u0131na,<ul><li>&#8220;<strong><em>N\u00fckleon say\u0131s\u0131<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; veya<\/li><li>&#8220;<strong><em>Atom k\u00fctlesi<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; de denir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>K\u00fctle numaras\u0131 <strong>A<\/strong> harfi ile g\u00f6sterilir.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:55%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Kutle_Numarasi_Nasil_Hesaplanir\">K\u00fctle Numaras\u0131 Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>K\u00fctle numaras\u0131; bir atomun proton say\u0131s\u0131 ile n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131d\u0131r:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:25px\"><strong>A = p.s + n.s<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomlarin_Temel_Taneciklerinin_Sembolu_Etrafinda_Gosterimi\">Atomlar\u0131n Temel Taneciklerinin Sembol\u00fc Etraf\u0131nda G\u00f6sterimi<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default stcnnt-no-bordered-img\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"591\" height=\"88\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/09\/Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atomun-Yapisi-.jpg\" alt=\"Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atomun-Yap\u0131s\u0131-\" class=\"wp-image-21482\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/09\/Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atomun-Yapisi-.jpg 591w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2021\/09\/Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atomun-Yapisi--300x45.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#cfedff\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir atomun sahip oldu\u011fu;<ul><li><strong>proton say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>elektron say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>k\u00fctle numaras\u0131<br><\/strong>sembol\u00fc kullan\u0131larak da g\u00f6sterilebilmektedir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Sembol\u00fcn\u00fcn etraf\u0131nda, bu \u00f6zelliklerin her birinin sabit bir b\u00f6lgesi vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bu dizilim b\u00fct\u00fcn atomlarda ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>K\u00fctle numaras\u0131<\/strong>, her zaman sembol\u00fcn sol \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fesindeki de\u011ferdir.<\/li><li><strong>N\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>, her zaman sembol\u00fcn sol ortas\u0131ndaki de\u011ferdir.<\/li><li><strong>Proton say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>, her zaman sembol\u00fcn sol alt k\u00f6\u015fesindeki de\u011ferdir.<\/li><li><strong>Elektron say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>, her zaman sembol\u00fcn sa\u011f alt k\u00f6\u015fesindeki de\u011ferdir.<\/li><li><strong>Atomun y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong>, her zaman sembol\u00fcn sa\u011f \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fesindeki de\u011ferdir.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-6\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default stcnnt-no-bordered-img\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"138\" height=\"110\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/atomun-sembolunun-kullanimi-2.jpg\" alt=\"Atom Sembol\u00fcn\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-1370\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Yukar\u0131daki resimde, karbon (C) atomunun sembol\u00fcn\u00fcn etraf\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz say\u0131lar, bize bu atom hakk\u0131nda hangi bilgileri veriyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Atom sembollerinin etraf\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan say\u0131lar\u0131n ne anlama geldi\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in yaz\u0131n\u0131n sembol\u00fcn neresine yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na bakmam\u0131z gerekir. Buna g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sembol\u00fcn sal \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fesi <strong>k\u00fctle numaras\u0131na<\/strong> aittir: 14<\/li><li>Sembol\u00fcn sol orta k\u0131sm\u0131 <strong>n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131na <\/strong>aittir: 8<\/li><li>Sembol\u00fcn sol alt k\u00f6\u015fesi <strong>proton say\u0131s\u0131na<\/strong> aittir: 6<\/li><li>Sembol\u00fcn sa\u011f \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fesi <strong>y\u00fck<\/strong> k\u00f6\u015fesidir: -4<\/li><li>Sembol\u00fcn sa\u011f alt k\u00f6\u015fesi <strong>elektron say\u0131s\u0131na<\/strong> aittir: 10<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomun_Temel_Tanecikleri_Ile_Ilgili_Formuller\">Atomun Temel Tanecikleri \u0130le \u0130lgili Form\u00fcller<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#ffc7d5\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default stcnnt-no-bordered-img\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"174\" height=\"119\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/atomun-sembolunun-kullanimi.jpg\" alt=\"Atomun Sembol\u00fcn\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-1369\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Temel tanecikler ile ilgili olarak yukar\u0131da verilen form\u00fclleri \u015f\u00f6yle toparlayal\u0131m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-white-background-color has-background\" style=\"font-size:22px\"><strong>K\u00fctle Numaras\u0131 (A) = p.s. + n.s.<br>Proton say\u0131s\u0131 = Y\u00fck + e.s.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-7\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir atomun 19 tane protonu vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu atomun n\u00fckleon say\u0131s\u0131 da 40 ise, n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131 ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-huge-font-size\"><strong>21<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>N\u00fckleon say\u0131s\u0131 k\u00fctle numaras\u0131 demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u00fctle numaras\u0131 ise proton ve n\u00f6tronlar\u0131n toplam say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bakarsak bu soru &#8220;19 ile ka\u00e7\u0131 toplarsak 40 yapar?&#8221; sorusuna d\u00f6ner. Cevap 21 dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soruyu form\u00fcl kullanarak \u00e7\u00f6zmek istersek de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A = p.s. + n.s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>form\u00fcl\u00fcnde verilenleri yerine yazal\u0131m, verilmeyeni yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakal\u0131m ve bulal\u0131m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>40 = 19 + n.s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>40 -19 = n.s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>n.s. = 21<\/strong> olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Cevap 21<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-8\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><sub>20<\/sub>Ca<sup>+2<\/sup> iyonunun elektron say\u0131s\u0131 ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-huge-font-size\"><strong>18<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p><strong>I. Yol:<\/strong> Bir iyonun y\u00fck\u00fc pozitif (+) ise, o iyonda protonlar elektronlardan fazla demektir. Bir iyonun y\u00fck\u00fc +2 ise, o iyonda protonlar elektronlardan 2 tane fazla demektir. Bu iyonun 20 tane protonu varsa elektron say\u0131s\u0131 18 olmal\u0131d\u0131r ki 2 tane proton fazla olabilsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>II. Yol:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soruda verilen iyonun y\u00fck\u00fc +2 ve proton say\u0131s\u0131 ise 20&#8217;dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fck = p.s. &#8211; e.s.<\/strong> form\u00fcl\u00fcnde verilenleri yerine koyarsak;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>+2 = 20 &#8211; e.s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>e.s. = 20 -2 = 18<\/strong> olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Cevap 18<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-9\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir Y atomunun elektron say\u0131s\u0131 n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131ndan 2 fazlad\u0131r. Bu atomun proton say\u0131s\u0131 ile n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131 da birbirine e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re bu atomun y\u00fck\u00fc ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-huge-font-size\"><strong>-2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Bu atomun hi\u00e7 bir taneci\u011finin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyoruz. Bu y\u00fczden x&#8217;e ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. Ben bu atomun n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131na x demek istiyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Soruda verilen bilgiye g\u00f6re<ul><li>atomun elektron say\u0131s\u0131 n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131ndan 2 fazlad\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bu y\u00fczden n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131 x ise bu atomun elektron say\u0131s\u0131 x+2 olur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Soruda verilen bilgiye g\u00f6re,<ul><li>atomun proton say\u0131s\u0131 ile n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131 da e\u015fittir.<\/li><li>Bu y\u00fczden bu atomun proton say\u0131s\u0131 da t\u0131pk\u0131 n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131 gibi x olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Buldu\u011fumuz bu de\u011ferleri ve y\u00fck\u00fc atomun sembol\u00fcne yerle\u015ftirelim:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"191\" height=\"138\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atomun-Yapisi-Soru-Cozumu.jpg\" alt=\"Atomun Yap\u0131s\u0131 Soru \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc\" class=\"wp-image-9978\"\/><figcaption>Y\u00dcK = p.s. &#8211; e.s.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Y\u00fck form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131rlarsak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fck = p.s &#8211; e.s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu form\u00fclde proton say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve elektron say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yerine yazarak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00fck<\/strong> = <strong>x &#8211; (x+2)<\/strong><br><strong>Y\u00fck<\/strong> = <strong>x &#8211; x &#8211; 2<\/strong><br><strong>Y\u00fck = -2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Atomun y\u00fck\u00fc -2 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Cevap -2<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"4_Izotop_8211_Izobar_8211_Izoton_8211_Izoelektronik_Atomlar\">4. \u0130zotop &#8211; \u0130zobar &#8211; \u0130zoton &#8211; \u0130zoelektronik Atomlar<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0130ki atomu birbiri ile <strong>kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken<\/strong>, bu iki atomun;<ul><li>proton say\u0131lar\u0131<\/li><li>elektron say\u0131lar\u0131<\/li><li>k\u00fctle numaralar\u0131 ve<\/li><li>n\u00f6tron say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n <strong>ayn\u0131 m\u0131 farkl\u0131 m\u0131 oldu\u011funa bak\u0131l\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Yap\u0131lan bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma sonucunda, atomlar hakk\u0131nda \u015fu kararlar verilir:<ul><li>Atomlar;<ul><li>ya <strong>ayn\u0131d\u0131r (ikiz veya \u00f6zde\u015ftir)<\/strong>.<\/li><li>ya <strong>izotoptur<\/strong>.<\/li><li>ya <strong>izotondur<\/strong>.<\/li><li>ya <strong>izobard\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li><li>ya <strong>izoelektroniktir<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Izotop_Atomlar\">\u0130zotop Atomlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group p-0 has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff6db\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><em><strong>Proton say\u0131lar\u0131 ayn\u0131<\/strong>, n\u00f6tron say\u0131lar\u0131 farkl\u0131 olan atomlard\u0131r.<\/em><ul><li>Bildi\u011fimiz gibi, proton say\u0131s\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan atomlar ayn\u0131 elementin atomlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>\u0130zotop atomlar\u0131n proton say\u0131lar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olmak zorunda oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re; o zaman, <strong><em>izotop atomlar ayn\u0131 elementin atomlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>\u0130zotop atomlar\u0131n ke\u015ffi ile, bir elementin b\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 olmayabilece\u011fi de anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li><strong>Hat\u0131rla<\/strong>:<ul><li><strong>Dalton Atom Modeli<\/strong>&#8216;ne g\u00f6re bir elementin b\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olmal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/li><li>\u0130zotop kavram\u0131 ile bunun yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri farkl\u0131, kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"ml-4 wp-block-heading\">Hidrojenin \u0130zotoplar\u0131<\/h5>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"538\" height=\"147\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/hidrojenin-iztoplari.jpg\" alt=\"Hidrojenin \u0130zotoplar\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-1381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/hidrojenin-iztoplari.jpg 538w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/hidrojenin-iztoplari-300x82.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><figcaption>Hidrojenin \u0130zotoplar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Hidrojen (H) elementinin 3 farkl\u0131 izotop atomu vard\u0131r.<ul><li>Hepsinin proton say\u0131s\u0131 1&#8217;dir.<\/li><li>Ama birinin n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131 0, birinin 1 ve birinin de 2&#8217;dir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Hidrojen elementinin.<ul><li>K\u00fctle numaras\u0131 2 olan izotopuna <strong>D (D\u00f6teryum)<\/strong><\/li><li>K\u00fctle numaras\u0131 3 olan izotopuna da <strong>T (Trityum)<\/strong> de denir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Izoton_Atomlar\">\u0130zoton Atomlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-background wp-block-list\" style=\"background-color:#d3eeff\"><li><em><strong>N\u00f6tron say\u0131lar\u0131 ayn\u0131,<\/strong> proton say\u0131lar\u0131 farkl\u0131 olan atomlard\u0131r.<\/em><ul><li>Proton say\u0131lar\u0131 mutlaka farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Farkl\u0131 elementin atomlar\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/li><li>Kimyasal ve fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Izobar_Atomlar\">\u0130zobar Atomlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-background wp-block-list\" style=\"background-color:#bcffe4\"><li><em><strong>K\u00fctle numaralar\u0131 ayn\u0131<\/strong>, proton ve n\u00f6tron say\u0131lar\u0131 farkl\u0131 olan atomlard\u0131r.<\/em><\/li><li>\u0130zobar atomlar\u0131n proton say\u0131lar\u0131 mutlaka farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<ul><li>Bu y\u00fczden izobar atomlar\u0131n kimyasal ve fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Izoelektronik_Atomlar\">\u0130zoelektronik Atomlar<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-background wp-block-list\" style=\"background-color:#ebd7ff\"><li><em>Proton say\u0131lar\u0131 farkl\u0131, elektronlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ve elektron da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan atomlard\u0131r.<\/em><ul><li><strong>TYT kimyas\u0131nda<\/strong> sorumlu oldu\u011fumuz atomlar\u0131n, elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 e\u015fitse elektron da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 da mutlaka e\u015fittir.<\/li><li><strong>AYT kimyas\u0131nda<\/strong> sorumlu oldu\u011fumuz B grubu atomlar\u0131nda, elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan fakat elektron d\u00fczenleri farkl\u0131 olan atomlar vard\u0131r.<ul><li>B\u00f6yle atomlar izoelektronik de\u011fildir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 ve elektron d\u00fczenleri e\u015fit oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, de\u011ferlik elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 da e\u015fittir.<ul><li><strong>Bu y\u00fczden kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri benzerdir.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u00d6zde\u015f atomlar olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in de fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomlarin_Fiziksel_ve_Kimyasal_Ozelliklerinin_Karsilastirilmasi\">Atomlar\u0131n Fiziksel ve Kimyasal \u00d6zelliklerinin Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#d2eeff\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>\u0130ki atomun kimyasal \u00f6zelliklerinin ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in:<\/em><\/strong><ul><li>ikisinin de ayn\u0131 say\u0131da protonu olmal\u0131 ve<\/li><li>ikisinin de ayn\u0131 say\u0131da elektronu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong><em>\u0130ki atomun fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerinin ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in:<\/em><\/strong><ul><li>atomlar\u0131n ikiz (\u00f6zde\u015f) atomlar olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li><li>Yani her \u015feyleri ile ayn\u0131 olamayan atomlar\u0131n fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0130zotop atomlar\u0131n:<\/strong><ul><li><em>Kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri ayn\u0131d\u0131r<\/em><\/li><li><em>Fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>\u0130zoton atomlar\u0131n<\/strong>:<ul><li>Fiziksel ve kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>\u0130zobar atomlar\u0131n<\/strong>:<ul><li>Fiziksel ve kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-10\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"466\" height=\"94\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/izotop-izoton-izobar.jpg\" alt=\"\u0130zotop - \u0130zoton - \u0130zobar Atomlar\" class=\"wp-image-1382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/izotop-izoton-izobar.jpg 466w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/izotop-izoton-izobar-300x61.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131da verilen A, B, C ve D atomlar\u0131n\u0131n proton, n\u00f6tron ve n\u00fckleon say\u0131lar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 verilmi\u015f baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buna g\u00f6re bu atomlar\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorular\u0131n cevaplar\u0131n\u0131 bulunur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I) \u0130zotop atomlar<br>II) \u0130zoton atomlar<br>III) \u0130zobar atomlar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0130zotop atomlar:<\/strong><ul><li>A ile B izotop atomlard\u0131r.<\/li><li>C ile D izotop atomlard\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>\u0130zoton atomlar:<\/strong><ul><li>B ile D izoton atomlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>\u0130zobar atomlar\u0131:<\/strong><ul><li>A ile D izobar atomlard\u0131r.<\/li><li>B ile C izobar atomlard\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Atomlarda bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lan yerleri;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A = p.s. + n.s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc kullanarak hesaplay\u0131p, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ile yazarsak \u015fu de\u011ferleri buluruz.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"466\" height=\"94\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/izotop-izoton-izobar-2.jpg\" alt=\"\u0130zotop - \u0130zoton - \u0130zobar Atomlar\" class=\"wp-image-1383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/izotop-izoton-izobar-2.jpg 466w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/izotop-izoton-izobar-2-300x61.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Buna g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sadece proton say\u0131lar\u0131 e\u015fit oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in A ile B izotop atomlard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Sadece proton say\u0131lar\u0131 e\u015fit oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in C ile D izotop atomlard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Sadece n\u00f6tron say\u0131lar\u0131 e\u015fit oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in B ile D izoton atomlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>Sadece k\u00fctle numaralar\u0131 e\u015fit oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in A ile D izobar atomlard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Sadece k\u00fctle numaral\u0131 e\u015fit oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in B ile C izobar atomlard\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Konu_Ozeti\">Konu \u00d6zeti<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Atomun Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/em> konusunun \u00f6zetidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomlar; proton, n\u00f6tron ve elektronlar\u0131n belli bir d\u00fczene g\u00f6re bir araya gelerek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu taneciklerdir.<\/li><li>Proton, n\u00f6tron ve elektronlara atom alt\u0131 tanecikler veya atomun temel par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 denir.<\/li><li>Atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011finde proton ve n\u00f6tronlar, y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerinde elektronlar bulunur. Atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011fi atoma g\u00f6re \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/li><li>Protonlar; +1 birim y\u00fckl\u00fc, 1 akb k\u00fctleli, elektronlar -1 birim y\u00fckl\u00fc, 0 akb k\u00fctleli, n\u00f6tronlar ise 0 birim y\u00fckl\u00fc, 1 akb k\u00fctleli par\u00e7ac\u0131klard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bir atomun proton say\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmez, proton say\u0131lar\u0131 atomlar\u0131 tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Proton say\u0131s\u0131na, atom numaras\u0131 veya \u00e7ekirdek y\u00fck\u00fc de denir.<\/li><li>Bir atomun y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc hesaplaman\u0131n yollar\u0131ndan biri de proton say\u0131s\u0131ndan elektron say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartmakt\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bir atomun k\u00fctle numaras\u0131, proton say\u0131s\u0131 ile n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bir atomun proton say\u0131s\u0131 (p.s.), elektron say\u0131s\u0131 (e.s.), n\u00f6tron say\u0131s\u0131 (n.s.), y\u00fck\u00fc ve k\u00fctle numaras\u0131 (A) sembol\u00fcn\u00fcn etraf\u0131na her zaman \u015fu \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirirlir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"174\" height=\"119\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/atomun-sembolunun-kullanimi.jpg\" alt=\"Atomun Sembol\u00fcn\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-1369\"\/><figcaption>Atomun Sembol\u00fcn\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomun bu temel \u00f6zellikleri aras\u0131naki ili\u015fki \u015f\u00f6yledir:<br><br><strong>A = p.s. + n.s.<\/strong><br><strong>Y\u00fck = p.s. \u2013 e.s.<\/strong><br><\/li><li>Sadece proton say\u0131s\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan atomlara <strong>izotop atomlar<\/strong> denir. \u0130zotop atomlar bulunurken elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 ve y\u00fckler dikkate al\u0131nmaz.<\/li><li>Sadece n\u00f6tron say\u0131lar\u0131 e\u015fit olan atomlara <strong>izoton atomlar<\/strong> denir. \u0130zoton atomlar bulunurken elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 ve y\u00fckler dikkate al\u0131nmaz.<\/li><li>Sadece k\u00fctle numaralar\u0131 e\u015fit olan atomlara <strong>izobar atomlar<\/strong> denir. \u0130zobar atomlar bulunurken elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 ve y\u00fckler dikkate al\u0131nmaz.<\/li><li>Proton say\u0131lar\u0131 farkl\u0131, elektronlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan atomlara <strong>izoelektronik atomlar<\/strong> denir. \u0130zoelektronik atomlar bulunurken atomlar\u0131n elektron say\u0131lar\u0131na ve elektron da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><li>\u0130ki atomun <strong>kimyasal \u00f6zelliklerinin<\/strong> ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ikisinin de ayn\u0131 say\u0131da protonu olmal\u0131 yine ikisinin de ayn\u0131 say\u0131da elektronu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>\u0130ki atomun <strong>fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerinin<\/strong> ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, atomlar\u0131n ikiz atomlar olmas\u0131 gerekir. Yani her \u015feyleri ile ayn\u0131 olamayan atomlar\u0131n fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Atomun yap\u0131s\u0131 demek; proton, elektron ve n\u00f6tronlar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 demektir. Proton, n\u00f6tron ve elektronlar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve atomdaki yerle\u015fimlerini anlarsak, atomun yap\u0131s\u0131 da anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc atom, bu \u00fc\u00e7 temel tanecikten olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1360,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[91],"class_list":["post-1355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-atom-ve-periyodik-sistem","tag-atomun-yapisi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1355"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22673,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355\/revisions\/22673"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}