{"id":1254,"date":"2020-08-24T19:02:59","date_gmt":"2020-08-24T16:02:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/?p=1254"},"modified":"2022-07-01T00:33:58","modified_gmt":"2022-06-30T21:33:58","slug":"atom-modelleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/atom-ve-periyodik-sistem\/atom-modelleri\/","title":{"rendered":"1. Atom Modelleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_transparent no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">\u0130&ccedil;indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#Atom_Modeli_Nedir\">Atom Modeli Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atom_Modellerinin_Kronolojik_Siralamasi\">Atom Modellerinin Kronolojik S\u0131ralamas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Dalton_Atom_Modeli_1803\">Dalton Atom Modeli (1803)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Dalton_Atom_Modelinin_Eksikleri_8211_Yanlislari\">Dalton Atom Modelinin Eksikleri &#8211; Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Thomson_Atom_Modeli_1904\">Thomson Atom Modeli (1904)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Thomson8217in_Hayalindeki_Atom\">Thomson&#8217;\u0131n Hayalindeki Atom<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Thomson8217in_Uzumlu_Kek_Benzetmesi\">Thomson&#8217;\u0131n \u00dcz\u00fcml\u00fc Kek Benzetmesi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Thomson_Atom_Modelinin_Eksikleri_8211_Yanlislari\">Thomson Atom Modelinin Eksikleri &#8211; Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Mufredattan_cikarilan_kisim\">M\u00fcfredattan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan k\u0131s\u0131m:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-2\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Rutherford_Atom_Modeli_1911\">Rutherford Atom Modeli (1911)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Rutherford8217un_Deneyi\">Rutherford&#8217;un Deneyi<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Rutherford8217un_Yaptigi_Deneyinin_Canlandirmasi\">Rutherford&#8217;un Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Deneyinin Canland\u0131rmas\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Neden_Alfa_Isini\">Neden Alfa I\u015f\u0131n\u0131?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Deneyin_Amaci\">Deneyin Amac\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Deneyin_Mantigi\">Deneyin Mant\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Deney_Sonuclarinin_Yorumlanmasi\">Deney Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n Yorumlanmas\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Rutherford_Atom_Modeli\">Rutherford Atom Modeli<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Rutherford_Atom_Modelinin_Eksikleri_8211_Yanlislari\">Rutherford Atom Modelinin Eksikleri &#8211; Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek-3\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-4\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bohr_Atom_Modeli_1913\">Bohr Atom Modeli (1913)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Absorbsiyon_ve_Emisyon\">Absorbsiyon ve Emisyon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Isik_Ile_Ilgili_Kavramlar\">I\u015f\u0131k \u0130le \u0130lgili Kavramlar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#8211_Spektrum\">&#8211; Spektrum:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#1-_Surekli_Spektrum\">1- S\u00fcrekli Spektrum:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-_Cizgi_Spektrumu\">2- \u00c7izgi Spektrumu:<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Gunese_Gitmeden_Gunesi_Anlamak\">G\u00fcne\u015fe Gitmeden G\u00fcne\u015fi Anlamak<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-5\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atomlarin_Isik_Sacmasi_Nasil_Oluyor_Temel_Hal_8211_Uyarilmis_Hal\">Atomlar\u0131n I\u015f\u0131k Sa\u00e7mas\u0131 Nas\u0131l Oluyor? (Temel Hal &#8211; Uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hal)<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Atomlarda_Temel_Hal\">Atomlarda Temel Hal<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atomlarda_Uyarilmis_Hal\">Atomlarda Uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hal<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Iste_Isik8230\">\u0130\u015fte I\u015f\u0131k&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Peki_Hangi_Renk_Isik\">Peki Hangi Renk I\u015f\u0131k?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Ornek-6\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bohr_Atom_Modeli_Ile_Ilgili_Kavramlar\">Bohr Atom Modeli \u0130le \u0130lgili Kavramlar<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Yorunge_Kabuk_Temel_Enerji_Seviyesi\">Y\u00f6r\u00fcnge (Kabuk, Temel Enerji Seviyesi)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bohr_Atom_Modeline_Gore_Atomlar\">Bohr Atom Modeline G\u00f6re Atomlar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bohr_Atom_Modelinin_Eksiklikleri\">Bohr Atom Modelinin Eksiklikleri<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Ornek-7\">\u00d6rnek:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Modern_Atom_Teorisi_Bulut_Modeli\">Modern Atom Teorisi (Bulut Modeli)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atom_Modelleri_Ile_Ilgili_Testler_8211_Tikla_Coz\">Atom Modelleri \u0130le \u0130lgili Testler &#8211; T\u0131kla \u00c7\u00f6z<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Konu_Ozeti\">Konu \u00d6zeti<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#Isik_ile_ilgi_kavramlar\">I\u015f\u0131k ile ilgi kavramlar<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#Atom_Modelleri_Ile_Ilgili_Testler_8211_Tikla_Coz-2\">Atom Modelleri \u0130le \u0130lgili Testler &#8211; T\u0131kla \u00c7\u00f6z<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube stcnnt-video-banner wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"2022 - TYT Kimya - Atom ve Periyodik Sistem - 1. B\u00f6l\u00fcm - Atom Modelleri\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ag8SODr9q74?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Atom ve Periyodik Sistem &#8211; Atom Modelleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Atom o kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir taneciktir ki, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn teknolojisi ile dahi bir atom g\u00f6rebilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Hi\u00e7 g\u00f6remedi\u011fimiz bir \u015feyin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 anlayabilmek de hi\u00e7 kolay olmam\u0131\u015f ve uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Atom modelleri, <strong><em>atomun ke\u015ffedilme veya anla\u015f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecini<\/em><\/strong> anlatan bir konudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atom_Modeli_Nedir\">Atom Modeli Nedir?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Deneysel g\u00f6zlemlere dayanarak, <strong><em>atomun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131<\/em><\/strong> ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde <strong><em>a\u00e7\u0131klayan <\/em><\/strong>\u015fekillere ve \u00f6zelliklere <strong>atom modeli<\/strong> denir.<\/li><li>Daha basit bir ifade ile, atom modelleri; bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n, <strong><em>atom <\/em><\/strong>i\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131 <strong><em>tariflerdir<\/em><\/strong>.<ul><li>Bilim insanlar\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve deneylere dayanarak, atomun belli \u00f6zelliklerini ke\u015ffetmi\u015flerdir.<\/li><li><span style=\"color: initial;\">Ortaya at\u0131lan her <\/span><strong style=\"color: initial;\"><em>atom modeli <\/em><\/strong><span style=\"color: initial;\">asl\u0131nda, o modeli tasarlayan <\/span><strong style=\"color: initial;\"><em>bilim adam\u0131n\u0131n kafas\u0131ndaki atom \u015feklini g\u00f6sterir<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"color: initial;\">.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Tabi do\u011fru deneyi yaparak, atom i\u00e7in do\u011fru modeli bulmak hemen m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<ul><li><strong><em>Bu y\u00fczden ilk atom modellerinde, yanl\u0131\u015f veya eksik bilgiler vard\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atom_Modellerinin_Kronolojik_Siralamasi\">Atom Modellerinin Kronolojik S\u0131ralamas\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atom modelleri 5 tanedir ve kronolojik s\u0131raya g\u00f6re \u015funlard\u0131r:<ol><li>Dalton Atom Modeli<\/li><li>Thomson Atom Modeli<\/li><li>Rutherford Atom Modeli<\/li><li>Bohr Atom Modoli<\/li><li>Modern Atom Teorisi (Bulut Modeli)<\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eimdi bu modelleri s\u0131rays\u0131yla g\u00f6relim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Dalton_Atom_Modeli_1803\">Dalton Atom Modeli (1803)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#fffd9c\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns stcnnt-mb-0 is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"170\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/john-dalton-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"John Dalton - Dalton Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1333\"\/><figcaption>John Dalton<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>John Dalton (1766-1844) yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda atomu \u015f\u00f6yle tarif etmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"stcnnt-mb-0 wp-block-list\"><li>Maddeler atomlardan olu\u015fur. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><li>Atomlar \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><li>Atomlar k\u00fcre \u015feklindedir. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><li>Atomlar\u0131n i\u00e7i doldur, atomlar \u00e7ok sa\u011flamd\u0131r ve par\u00e7alanamazlar. (Yanl\u0131\u015f)<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><span style=\"color: initial;\">Atomlar kimyasal tepkimelerde par\u00e7alanamaz, b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez. (Do\u011fru)<\/span><\/li><li>Atomlar yoktan var edilemez, varken yok edilemez. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><li>Atomlar ba\u015fka bir atoma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015femez. (Yanl\u0131\u015f)<\/li><li>Kimyasal tepkimelerde atom t\u00fcr\u00fc ve say\u0131s\u0131 korunur. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><li>Bir elementin b\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, \u015fekil ve k\u00fctle bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6zde\u015ftir. (Yanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc izotop atomlar var.)<\/li><li>Farkl\u0131 element atomlar\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><li>Farkl\u0131 element atomlar\u0131n\u0131n belirli oranda birle\u015fmesinden bile\u015fikler olu\u015fur. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"181\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/dalton-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"Dalton Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/dalton-atom-modeli.jpg 400w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/dalton-atom-modeli-300x136.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption>Daltonun Tasarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Atom Modelleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Dalton_Atom_Modelinin_Eksikleri_8211_Yanlislari\">Dalton Atom Modelinin Eksikleri &#8211; Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomun i\u00e7inde daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tanecikler (atom alt\u0131 tanecikler) vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Radyoaktif tepkimeler sonucunda atom par\u00e7alanabilir.<\/li><li>Atomun b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 bo\u015fluktur.<\/li><li>Bir elementin b\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar\u0131 ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir, ayn\u0131 elementin farkl\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta olan atomlar\u0131 vard\u0131r (izotop atomlar).<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Atom ile ilgili olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen bilgilerden hangisi Dalton Atom Modeli&#8217;nde yoktur?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A) Atomlarda elektron ve protonlar vard\u0131r.<br>B) Bir elementin b\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar\u0131 ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<br>C) Atom par\u00e7alanamaz.<br>D) Farkl\u0131 element atomlar\u0131n\u0131n belirli oranda birle\u015fmesinden bile\u015fikler olu\u015fur.<br>E) Atomlar i\u00e7in dolu k\u00fcreciklerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><strong>A<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Dalton Atom Modeli&#8217;inde, elektronlardan ve protonlardan bahsedilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu y\u00fczden, A \u015f\u0131kk\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap A \u015f\u0131kk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Thomson_Atom_Modeli_1904\">Thomson Atom Modeli (1904)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#c1ffe6\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns stcnnt-mb-0 is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/J.J.-Thomson-Atom-Modeli-1897.jpg\" alt=\"J. J. Thomson - Thomson Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1335\"\/><figcaption>J. J. Thomson<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>J. J. Thomson, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda atomu \u015f\u00f6yle tarif etmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"stcnnt-mb-0 wp-block-list\"><li>Atomlarda pozitif ve negatif y\u00fckler vard\u0131r. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><li>Elektron ad\u0131 verilen negatif (-) y\u00fckl\u00fc tanecikler, pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fc atomun i\u00e7inde homojen olarak da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yanl\u0131\u015f)<\/li><li>Atomdaki negatif (-) y\u00fck miktar\u0131, pozitif (+) y\u00fck miktar\u0131na e\u015fit olup atomlar y\u00fck bak\u0131m\u0131ndan n\u00f6trd\u00fcr. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Elektronlar\u0131n k\u00fctlesi atomun k\u00fctlesi yan\u0131nda ihmal edilebilecek kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in atomun k\u00fctlesini pozitif y\u00fckler olu\u015fturur. (K\u0131smen do\u011fru)<\/li><li>Atomlar \u00e7aplar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 10<sup>-8<\/sup> cm olan k\u00fcrelerdir. (Do\u011fru)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Thomson8217in_Hayalindeki_Atom\">Thomson&#8217;\u0131n Hayalindeki Atom<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"248\" height=\"243\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/thomson-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"Thomson Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1260\"\/><figcaption>Thomson Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Thomson, negatif y\u00fckleri birer tanecik olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f fakat pozitif y\u00fckleri, s\u00fcrekli bir tabaka olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Thomson8217in_Uzumlu_Kek_Benzetmesi\">Thomson&#8217;\u0131n \u00dcz\u00fcml\u00fc Kek Benzetmesi<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"304\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/uzumlu-kek-thomson-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"\u00dcz\u00fcml\u00fc Kek - Thomson Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/uzumlu-kek-thomson-atom-modeli.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/uzumlu-kek-thomson-atom-modeli-296x300.jpg 296w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption>Thomson Atom Modeli \u00dcz\u00fcml\u00fc Keke Benzetilir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Thomson, atomun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcml\u00fc keke benzedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Kekteki \u00fcz\u00fcmleri atomdaki negatif taneciklere, \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn hamurunu da atomun pozitif yap\u0131s\u0131na benzetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Thomson_Atom_Modelinin_Eksikleri_8211_Yanlislari\">Thomson Atom Modelinin Eksikleri &#8211; Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thomson atomdaki negatif (-) ve pozitif (+) y\u00fckleri ke\u015ffetmi\u015ftir. Biz bug\u00fcn bu y\u00fcklerin atomda var olduklar\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Hatta, negatif y\u00fcklerin &#8220;elektron&#8221; pozitif y\u00fcklerin de &#8220;proton&#8221; denen atom alt\u0131 taneciklerde bulundu\u011funu biliyoruz. Thomson da negatif y\u00fcklerin tanecikler halinde oldu\u011funu yani &#8220;elektronlar\u0131&#8221; ke\u015ffetmi\u015f fakat; <strong>pozitif (+) y\u00fcklerin<\/strong> tanecikler halinde de\u011fil de atomun i\u00e7ini tamamen dolduran bir <strong><em>doku olarak bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir<\/em><\/strong>. Protonlar i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu durum yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Asl\u0131nda atomdaki pozitif ve negatif y\u00fckler, Thomson&#8217;un dedi\u011fi gibi de\u011fildir yani atomda homojen olarak da\u011f\u0131lmaz. Atomdaki pozitif y\u00fckler \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hacme s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fken negatif y\u00fckler \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck hacim kaplar.<\/li><li>Thomson, pozitif y\u00fcklerin atomun k\u00fctlesinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir ama; yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftururlar.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5e7ff\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Mufredattan_cikarilan_kisim\">M\u00fcfredattan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan k\u0131s\u0131m:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Sevgili \u00f6\u011frencim, Thomson atom modeli ile ilgili olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verece\u011fim bilgiler TYT s\u0131nav\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kmayacakt\u0131r fakat; testlerde kar\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karsa panik yapma diye burada veriyorum. Bu bilgiler 2017&#8217;ye kadar sorulmu\u015f ve sonra m\u00fcfredattan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Thomson, atom modelini geli\u015ftirirken <em>Crooks T\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fc<\/em> (Katot T\u00fcp\u00fc de denir) kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Crooks T\u00fcp\u00fc, William Crooks (Vily\u0131m Kruks) taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir vakumlu t\u00fcpt\u00fcr. Katot \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00fcretir ve katot \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 elektronlar\u0131n ta kendisidir.<\/li><li>Crooks t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u00f6rne\u011fi t\u00fcpl\u00fc televizyon ya da bilgisayar ekranlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>Elektronun ad\u0131n\u0131, George Johnstone Stoney koymu\u015ftur.<\/li><li>J. J. Thomson Crooks t\u00fcp\u00fc ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda bir elektronun y\u00fck\/k\u00fctle oran\u0131n\u0131 hesaplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-2\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Thomson Atom Modeli&#8217;ne g\u00f6re, atom a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisine benzemektedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"506\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atom-Modelleri-Soru-Cozumu.jpg\" alt=\"Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atom-Modelleri-Soru-\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc\" class=\"wp-image-11530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atom-Modelleri-Soru-Cozumu.jpg 450w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/Atom-ve-Periyodik-Sistem-Atom-Modelleri-Soru-Cozumu-267x300.jpg 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><strong>D<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Thomson, atomun \u00fcz\u00fcml\u00fc kekte da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcmler gibi, pozitif bir dokunun i\u00e7inde da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f elektronlardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu tarife en uygun atom \u015fekli D \u015f\u0131kk\u0131ndakidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap D \u015f\u0131kk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Rutherford_Atom_Modeli_1911\">Rutherford Atom Modeli (1911)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#ffe9ad\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns pt-4 is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/E.Rutherford-Atom-Modeli-1912.jpg\" alt=\"E. Rutherford - Rutherford Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1336\"\/><figcaption>E. Rutherford<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Yanda\/a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki verilen atom modeli, Rutherford&#8217;a aittir. Rutherford, bu modeli ortaya atmadan \u00f6nce bir deney yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"287\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/rutherford-atom-modeli-.jpg\" alt=\"Rutherford Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-4577\"\/><figcaption>Rutherford Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Rutherford8217un_Deneyi\">Rutherford&#8217;un Deneyi<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Rutherford, atomun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki deneyi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Rutherford8217un_Yaptigi_Deneyinin_Canlandirmasi\">Rutherford&#8217;un Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Deneyinin Canland\u0131rmas\u0131:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:71%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Rutherford Atom Modeli Eba\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Lql9nq5jjlk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Rutherford Atom Modelinin Temel Deneyi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"569\" height=\"285\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/rutherford-atom-modeli-deneyi.jpg\" alt=\"Rutherd Atom Modeli - Deney\" class=\"wp-image-1264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/rutherford-atom-modeli-deneyi.jpg 569w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/rutherford-atom-modeli-deneyi-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 569px) 100vw, 569px\" \/><figcaption>Rutherd Atom Modeli &#8211; Rutherford&#8217;un Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Deney<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Rutherford&#8217;un yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 deneyin d\u00fczene\u011fi ve bu d\u00fczenekteki malzemeler yukar\u0131da verilmi\u015ftir.<ul><li>Deneyin kahramanlar\u0131; \u00e7ok \u00e7ok \u00e7ok ince bir <strong><em>alt\u0131n levha<\/em><\/strong> ve <strong><em>alfa (\u03b1) \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>Rutherford, alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde alt\u0131n levha \u00fczerine f\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 f\u0131rlatmak i\u00e7in ise <em>alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tabancas\u0131<\/em> kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yukar\u0131daki \u015fekilde alfa tabancas\u0131, <em>Alfa tanecikleri (\u0131\u015f\u0131n) kayna\u011f\u0131<\/em> olarak verilmi\u015ftir.)<\/li><li>F\u0131rlat\u0131lan alfa taneciklerinin, alt\u0131n levhadan ge\u00e7tikten sonra nereye \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in alt\u0131n levhan\u0131n etraf\u0131, bir metal ile sar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Alt\u0131n levhan\u0131n etraf\u0131n\u0131 saran bu metalin y\u00fczeyi ZnS (\u00c7inko s\u00fclf\u00fcr) ile boyanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, ZnS boyaya \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu boyada iz b\u0131rakan bir \u0131\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Neden_Alfa_Isini\">Neden Alfa I\u015f\u0131n\u0131?<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Asl\u0131nda bir alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 taneci\u011fi; birbirine yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f <strong><em>2 proton ve 2 n\u00f6trondur.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li><strong><em>Alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fi<\/em><\/strong>;<ul><li>protondan daha a\u011f\u0131r,<\/li><li>elektrondan ise \u00e7ok \u00e7ok \u00e7ok daha a\u011f\u0131r olmas\u0131 ve<\/li><li>pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fc olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Alfa taneciklerinin ne kadar a\u011f\u0131r oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in \u015f\u00f6yle bir benzetme yapabiliriz:<ul><li>Bir tane elektron 1 f\u0131nd\u0131k tanesi kadar ise gelseydi, bir alfa taneci\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131k 7500 tane f\u0131nd\u0131k tanesi kadar gelirdi.<\/li><li>Bir tane proton 1 f\u0131nd\u0131k tanesi kadar gelseydi bir alfa taneci\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 tane f\u0131nd\u0131k tanesi kadar gelirdi.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Deneyin_Amaci\">Deneyin Amac\u0131:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sevgili \u00f6\u011frencim, Rutherford&#8217;un yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu deney (asl\u0131nda bu deneyi \u00f6\u011frencileri yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r) Thomson Atom Modelinin do\u011frulu\u011funu ispatlamak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Thomson, elektronlar\u0131n ve protonlar\u0131n atomda bir araya toplanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tam aksine homojen olarak da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Deneyin_Mantigi\">Deneyin Mant\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Elektron ve protonlar ger\u00e7ekten toplu de\u011fil de da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k bir \u015fekilde ise, \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 giden bir alfa taneci\u011fi, alt\u0131n atomundan ge\u00e7erken en fazla bir elektrona ya da bir protona isabet edebilecektir.<\/li><li>A\u011f\u0131r bir alfa taneci\u011finin bir elektrona ya da bir protona h\u0131zla \u00e7arpmas\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r bir futbol topunun \u00e7ok hafif olan bir pinpon topuna h\u0131zla \u00e7arpmas\u0131na benzeyecektir.<\/li><li>Yani alfa taneci\u011fi bu \u00e7arpmadan pek etkilenmeyecektir.<\/li><li>Fakat deney yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fey olmu\u015f ve alfa taneciklerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131, neredeyse geriye d\u00f6necek kadar \u00e7ok yans\u0131m\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bu \u015fekilde yans\u0131yan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131 \u00e7ok az da olsa, bu beklenen bir durum de\u011fildir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Deney_Sonuclarinin_Yorumlanmasi\">Deney Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n Yorumlanmas\u0131:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Baz\u0131 Alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6yle sert bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n tek bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 olabilir:<ul><li>Kendilerinden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve yo\u011fun bir k\u00fctleye isabet etmi\u015f olmal\u0131lar, t\u0131pk\u0131 futbol topunun duvara \u00e7arpmas\u0131 gibi.<\/li><li>Evet ger\u00e7ekten de b\u00f6yle olmu\u015ftur; bu alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 atomun merkezinde bulunan \u00e7ekirde\u011fe isabet etmi\u015ftir yani, <strong><em>Rutherford atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011fini ke\u015ffetmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>Alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131nda toplam 4 tane olan proton ve n\u00f6tron varken, alt\u0131n atomunun \u00e7ekirde\u011finde bu ikisinden, toplam 197 tane vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Atomlar\u0131n \u00e7ekirdekleri de t\u0131pk\u0131 alfa par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li><li>Yani ikisi de pozitif oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in alfa ile atom \u00e7ekirde\u011fi birbirini iter.<\/li><li>Hem de \u00e7ekirdek, \u00e7ok yo\u011fun bir yer oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in alfa \u00e7ok sert bir duvara \u00e7arpm\u0131\u015f gibi olur.<\/li><li>Alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu atomlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden do\u011frudan ge\u00e7ip giderken, \u00e7ok az bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00e7ekirde\u011fe isabet etti\u011fine g\u00f6re, <strong><em>\u00e7ekirde\u011fin atomda \u00e7ok az bir yer kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da belli olmu\u015ftur.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Rutherford_Atom_Modeli\">Rutherford Atom Modeli<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rutherford, deney sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirerek <strong>gezegen modeli<\/strong> olarak da bilinen yeni bir atom modeli geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rutherford atom modeline g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir atomda pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcn t\u00fcm\u00fc, \u00e7ekirdek denilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00f6lgede toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>\u00c7ekirdek \u00e7ap\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 10<sup>-12<\/sup> ile 10<sup>-13<\/sup> cm, atom \u00e7ap\u0131 ise 10<sup>-8<\/sup> cm oldu\u011fundan atom hacminin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bo\u015fluktur.<\/li><li>Elektronlar, \u00e7ekirde\u011fin etraf\u0131ndaki bo\u015flukta bulunur ve \u00e7ekirdek etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6ner.<\/li><li>\u00c7ekirdekteki (+) y\u00fck miktar\u0131 bir elementin t\u00fcm atomlar\u0131nda ayn\u0131d\u0131r, farkl\u0131 elementin atomlar\u0131nda farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>Atomdaki elektron say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ekirdekteki proton say\u0131s\u0131na e\u015fittir.<\/li><li>Pozitif y\u00fcklerin toplam k\u00fctlesi, atomun k\u00fctlesinin yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131 kadard\u0131r. O h\u00e2lde \u00e7ekirdekte k\u00fctlesi protonun k\u00fctlesine e\u015fit y\u00fcks\u00fcz tanecikler bulunur.<\/li><li>Rutherford atom \u00e7ekirde\u011fini G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e, \u00e7ekirde\u011fin etraf\u0131ndaki elektronlar\u0131 da gezegenlere benzetmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li>Y\u00fcks\u00fcz taneciklerin (n\u00f6tron) varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmesi bu modelin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Rutherford\u2019un \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fcks\u00fcz taneciklerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilerleyen y\u0131llarda (1932) James Chadwick (Ceymis \u00c7edvik) kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"287\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/rutherford-atom-modeli-.jpg\" alt=\"Rutherford Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-4577\"\/><figcaption>Rutherford Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Rutherford_Atom_Modelinin_Eksikleri_8211_Yanlislari\">Rutherford Atom Modelinin Eksikleri &#8211; Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00c7ekirdek etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen elektronlar\u0131n neden pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fc \u00e7ekirdek \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fmedi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Rutherford atom modeli, elektronun davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada yetersiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li>Rutherford atom modelindeki eksiklikler yeni bir atom modelinin ortaya at\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-3\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi Rutherford Atom Modeli&#8217;nin bir eksikli\u011fidir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A) Atomun bir \u00e7ekirde\u011finin oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesi<br>B) Atomun b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda bo\u015fluklardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesi<br>C) Atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011finde n\u00f6tronlar\u0131n da bulundu\u011funu hissetmesi fakat kan\u0131tlayamamas\u0131<br>D) Elektronlar\u0131n \u00e7ekirdek d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesi<br>E) \u00c7ekirde\u011fin k\u00fctlesinin atomun k\u00fctlesinin tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><strong>C<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Rutherford, n\u00f6tronlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcphelenmi\u015f fakat kan\u0131tlayamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, Rutherford Atom Modelinin eksiklerinden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap C \u015f\u0131kk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-4\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi, Rutherford Atom Modeli i\u00e7in do\u011fru de\u011fildir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A) \u00c7ok ince bir alt\u0131n levha \u00fczerine alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 g\u00f6nderilerek yap\u0131lan bir deneye sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br>B) Atomlar\u0131n pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fc bir \u00e7ekirde\u011finin oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br>C) Atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011finin, atoma g\u00f6re \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir hacimde oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br>D) Atomun b\u00fcy\u00fck bo\u015fluklardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br>E) Atomlarda pozitif ve negatif y\u00fcklerin oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><strong>E<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Atomlar\u0131n pozitif ve negatif y\u00fcklere sahip oldu\u011fu, Thomson Atom Modeli ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap E \u015f\u0131kk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Bohr_Atom_Modeli_1913\">Bohr Atom Modeli (1913)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#edfbbb\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/N.Bohr-Atom-Modeli-1913.jpg\" alt=\"N. Bohr - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1337\"\/><figcaption>N. Bohr &#8211; Bohr Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bohr, elektronlar\u0131n hareketini incelmi\u015f ve sonu\u00e7ta; elektronlar\u0131n \u00e7ekirdek etraf\u0131ndaki <strong>y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerde<\/strong> ve \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek h\u0131zlarda d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/li><li>Bohr; elektronlar\u0131n hareketini \u00e7\u00f6zebilmek i\u00e7in, atoma enerji vermi\u015ftir, bu enerjiden, elektronlar\u0131n nas\u0131l etkilendi\u011fini incelemi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7ta \u015funu g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr:<ul><li>Elektronlar da enerji al\u0131r ve verirler. Hatta \u0131\u015f\u0131k, elektronlar\u0131n verdi\u011fi bir enerjidir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bohr Atom Modelini<\/em> anlamak i\u00e7in, enerji kavram\u0131n\u0131 ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 anlamak gerekir. \u015eimdi gelin biraz bunlardan bahsedelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Absorbsiyon_ve_Emisyon\">Absorbsiyon ve Emisyon<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bu iki kavram maddelerin enerji almas\u0131 ve vermesi olaylar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<ul><li><strong>Absorbsiyon (So\u011furma)<\/strong>: Bir maddenin \u0131s\u0131 enerjisi almas\u0131 demektir.<\/li><li><strong>Emisyon (Yayma)<\/strong>: Bir maddenin enerjisini, \u0131\u015f\u0131ma olarak geri vermesi veya ortama yaymas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Isik_Ile_Ilgili_Kavramlar\">I\u015f\u0131k \u0130le \u0130lgili Kavramlar<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"8211_Spektrum\">&#8211; Spektrum:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir ekrana ya da perdeye ya da bir ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerine b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li><li>Ba\u015fka bir tabirle, <strong><em>\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir y\u00fczeyde b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izdir<\/em><\/strong>.<ul><li>Mesela; bir el fenerini karanl\u0131kta bir duvara tutarsak, duvarda olu\u015fan \u0131\u015f\u0131k deseni bir spektrumdur.<ul><li>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, el fenerinden \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131\u015f\u0131k, duvarda bir iz veya bir desen olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Mesela; ya\u011fmur damlalar\u0131ndan g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mesi ile olu\u015fan g\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 da bir spektrumdur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Spektrum 2 \u00e7e\u015fittir<\/strong>:<ol><li>S\u00fcrekli Spektrum<\/li><li>\u00c7izgili Spektrum<\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"1-_Surekli_Spektrum\">1- S\u00fcrekli Spektrum:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir <strong><em>spektrum<\/em><\/strong>, ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden bitti\u011fi yere kadar <strong><em>s\u00fcrekli devam ediyorsa<\/em><\/strong>, b\u00f6yle spektrumlara s\u00fcrekli spektrum denir.<ul><li>Yani \u0131\u015f\u0131k, perde ya da duvarda, bir ayd\u0131nl\u0131k b\u00f6lge bir karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lge \u015feklinde bir desen olu\u015fturmayacak; t\u0131pk\u0131 fener \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n duvarda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 desen gibi bir yerde ba\u015flayacak ve bir yerde de bitecek.<\/li><li>Arada bitip bitip tekrar ba\u015flamayacak.<\/li><li>Mesela, beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00fc\u00e7gen prizmadan ge\u00e7irerek, bir perde ya da duvar \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcrsek, g\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n renklerinden olu\u015fan bir spektrum ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/li><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde bu spektrum g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir:<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"592\" height=\"305\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/surekli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"S\u00fcrekli Spektrum - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1272\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/surekli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg 592w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/surekli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli-300x155.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 592px) 100vw, 592px\" \/><figcaption>S\u00fcrekli Spektrum &#8211; Bohr Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Yanda (yukar\u0131da) verilen ve g\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde olu\u015fan spektrum, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f mor \u0131\u015f\u0131k ile bitmi\u015ftir. Arada da de\u011fi\u015ferek farkl\u0131 renkler s\u00fcrekli olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Yani; spektrumun <strong><em>ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ile biti\u015f noktalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7 karanl\u0131k bir b\u00f6lge yoktur<\/em><\/strong>. Bu y\u00fczden, beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7gen prizmadan ge\u00e7erek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu spektrum s\u00fcrekli bir spektrumdur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"2-_Cizgi_Spektrumu\">2- \u00c7izgi Spektrumu:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00c7izgi spektrumuna bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, bir s\u00fcreklilik g\u00f6remeyiz, renkli ve siyah b\u00f6l\u00fcmler vard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Siyah b\u00f6l\u00fcmler, spektrumun bitti\u011fi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerdir. Yani \u00e7izgi spekturumunda:<ul><li><strong><em>Spektrum bir ba\u015flar bir biter<\/em><\/strong>, sonra yine ba\u015flar yine biter.<\/li><li><strong><em>Spektrum deseninde ayd\u0131nl\u0131k ve karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler<\/em><\/strong> birbirini takip eder.<\/li><li>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen spektrum bir \u00e7izgi spektrumu \u00f6rne\u011fidir:<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/kesikli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"Kesikli Spectrum - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1276\"\/><figcaption>So\u011furma \u00c7izgi Spectrumu &#8211; Bohr Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Yukar\u0131daki resimde verilen \u00e7izgi spektrumu \u00f6rne\u011fine bakarsan\u0131z, uzun uzun karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler ve k\u0131sa k\u0131sa ayd\u0131nl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Yani olu\u015fan spektrumda bir s\u00fcreklilik yoktur.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>\u00c7izgi spektrumu 2 \u00e7e\u015fittir<\/em><\/strong>:<ol><li>Absorbsiyon \u00c7izgi Spektrumlar\u0131<\/li><li>Emisyon \u00c7izgi Spektrumlar\u0131<\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Absorbsiyon \u00c7izgi Spektrumlar\u0131<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Gaz halindeki bir element cam bir kapta iken, i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7en beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc absorbe eder (emer), az bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mesine izin verirler.<ul><li>G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nde bir elementin gaz\u0131ndan sonra da bir prizmadan ge\u00e7irilirse, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz gibi, karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda k\u0131sa \u00e7izgiler halinde spektrumlar olu\u015fturur.<\/li><li>Karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler, beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n element atomlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan absorbe edilen (emilen) k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bu \u015fekilde, bir elementten beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131k ge\u00e7irilerek olu\u015fan \u00e7izgi spektrumlar\u0131na <strong>so\u011furma (absorbsiyon) \u00e7izgi spektrumu<\/strong> denir.<\/li><li>So\u011furma \u00e7izgi spektrumlar\u0131nda <strong><em>karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler daha \u00e7ok, ayd\u0131nl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler daha azd\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen spektrum, <strong><em>so\u011furma \u00e7izgi spektrumudur<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/kesikli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"Kesikli Spectrum - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1276\"\/><figcaption>H Atomunun So\u011furma \u00c7izgi Spectrumu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Emisyon \u00c7izgi Spektrumu<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Is\u0131t\u0131lan elementin atomlar\u0131, ald\u0131klar\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 enerjisini, \u0131\u015f\u0131k olarak ortama yayarlar (emisyon).<ul><li>Yayd\u0131klar\u0131 bu \u0131\u015f\u0131k, bir prizmadan ge\u00e7irilirse \u00e7izgili bir spektrum olu\u015fturur.<\/li><li>Bu \u015fekilde olu\u015fan \u00e7izgili spektrumlara, <strong>yay\u0131lma (emisyon veya \u0131\u015f\u0131ma da denir) \u00e7izgi spektrumu<\/strong> denir.<\/li><li>I\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7izgi spektrumlar\u0131nda, <strong><em>ayd\u0131nl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler daha \u00e7oktur, karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler dar \u00e7izgiler halinde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ba\u015fka bir kesikli spektrum \u00f6rne\u011fi verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"48\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/kesikli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli-2.jpg\" alt=\"Kesikli Spectrum - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/kesikli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli-2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/kesikli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli-2-300x24.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>H Atomunun I\u015f\u0131ma \u00c7izgi Spektrumu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ayn\u0131 elementin hem yay\u0131lma hem de so\u011furma \u00e7izgi spektrumuna bakacak olursak, spekturumlardaki tek fark\u0131n, ayd\u0131nl\u0131k ve karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerin yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da hidrojen atomunun \u0131\u015f\u0131ma (a) ve so\u011furma (b) \u00e7izgi spektrumlar\u0131 birlikte verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/kesikli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli-3.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c7izgi Spectrumu - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/kesikli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli-3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/kesikli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli-3-300x50.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>H Atomunun I\u015f\u0131ma ve So\u011furma \u00c7izgi Spektrumlar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#d6efff\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Gunese_Gitmeden_Gunesi_Anlamak\">G\u00fcne\u015fe Gitmeden G\u00fcne\u015fi Anlamak<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Her elementin yay\u0131lma veya so\u011furma \u00e7izgi sepktrumu parmak izi gibi di\u011fer elementlerden farkl\u0131d\u0131r ama; ayn\u0131 element i\u00e7in her zaman ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Bu spektrumlar bu y\u00fczden elementleri tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Mesela g\u00fcne\u015fin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hangi elementlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, g\u00fcne\u015ften gelen \u00e7izgili spektrumlar incelenerek tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-5\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>I\u015f\u0131k ile ilgili olarak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen bilgilerden hangisi do\u011fru de\u011fildir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A) I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir perdede b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ize spektrum denir.<br>B) Bir prizmaya beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131k g\u00f6nderildi\u011finde, \u00e7izgi spektrumu elde edilir.<br>C) Bir spektrum boyunca, hi\u00e7 karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lge yoksa bu spektruma s\u00fcrekli spektrum denir.<br>D) Gaz halindeki bir element \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131rsa, emisyon (\u0131\u015f\u0131ma) \u00e7izgi spektrumu olu\u015fur.<br>E) Gaz halindeki bir elementten beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131k ge\u00e7irilirse, so\u011furma (absorbsiyon) \u00e7izgi spektrumu olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><strong>B<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"592\" height=\"305\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/surekli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"S\u00fcrekli Spektrum - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1272\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/surekli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg 592w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/surekli-spektrum-bohr-atom-modeli-300x155.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 592px) 100vw, 592px\" \/><figcaption>S\u00fcrekli Spektrum &#8211; Bohr Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Bir prizmaya, beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131k g\u00f6nderildi\u011finde, \u00e7izgi spektrumu de\u011fil s\u00fcrekli spektrum olu\u015fur ve spektrumda g\u00f6k ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n renk deseni olu\u015fur. Yani B \u015f\u0131kk\u0131nda verilen bilgi yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer \u015f\u0131klarda verilen bilgiler do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cevap B \u015f\u0131kk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomlarin_Isik_Sacmasi_Nasil_Oluyor_Temel_Hal_8211_Uyarilmis_Hal\">Atomlar\u0131n I\u015f\u0131k Sa\u00e7mas\u0131 Nas\u0131l Oluyor? (Temel Hal &#8211; Uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hal)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#fff9ad\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomlar; bir \u00e7ok \u00f6zelliklerinin yan\u0131nda, \u0131s\u0131 enerjisini \u0131\u015f\u0131k enerjisine \u00e7evirebilen birer makine gibidirler.<ul><li>Yani siz, atoma \u0131s\u0131 verirsiniz, o da size \u0131\u015f\u0131k verir. Bu olay \u015f\u00f6yle olur:<ul><li>Temel haldeki bir atom, enerji al\u0131rsa (<strong><em>absorbe ederse<\/em><\/strong>) <strong>uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f<\/strong> hale ge\u00e7er.<\/li><li>Uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f atom tekrar temel hale d\u00f6nerken ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerjiyi \u0131\u015f\u0131k sa\u00e7arak aynen geri verir (<strong><em>emisyon<\/em><\/strong>).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:52%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomlarda_Temel_Hal\">Atomlarda Temel Hal<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Temel haldeki atomlarda, elektronlar\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, <strong>2) 8) 8)&#8230;<\/strong> kural\u0131nda g\u00f6redir.<\/li><li>Elektron da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 bu kurala uygun olan atomlar <strong>temel haldedirler<\/strong>, ta ki \u0131s\u0131 alana kadar&#8230;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Temel haldeki atomlarda, elektronlar\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, <strong>2) 8) 8)&#8230;<\/strong> kural\u0131nda g\u00f6redir.<\/li><li>Elektron da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 bu kurala uygun olan atomlar <strong>temel haldedirler<\/strong>, ta ki \u0131s\u0131 alana kadar&#8230;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Atomlardaki elektron da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc okuyabilirsiniz:<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/atom-ve-periyodik-sistem\/3-periyodik-sistem\/#Atomlarda_Elektron_Dagilimi\">Atomlarda Elektron Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atomlarda_Uyarilmis_Hal\">Atomlarda Uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hal<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir maddeyi yeterince \u0131s\u0131t\u0131rsan\u0131z, o \u0131s\u0131, maddenin elektronlar\u0131na kadar ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/li><li>Is\u0131 enerjisini alan elektronlar, ald\u0131klar\u0131 bu enerjinin etkisiyle, \u00fcst y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerdeki bo\u015f yerlere s\u0131\u00e7rarlar.<ul><li>\u00dcst y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere s\u0131\u00e7rayan elektronlar\u0131n, ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 yerler bo\u015f kal\u0131r ve elektron da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc al\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bu \u015fekildeki atomlara, <strong>uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f atomlar<\/strong> denir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f atomlar, huzursuzdur yani karars\u0131zd\u0131r.<ul><li>Elektronlar\u0131, bir an \u00f6nce, eski yerlerine geri d\u00f6nmek ister.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/elektronun-hareketi-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"Uyar\u0131l\u0131m\u015f Atom - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1289\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/elektronun-hareketi-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg 500w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/elektronun-hareketi-bohr-atom-modeli-300x137.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Temel Haldeki ve Uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Hidrojen Atomu &#8211; Bohr Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Iste_Isik8230\">\u0130\u015fte I\u015f\u0131k&#8230;<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir atom karars\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bu karars\u0131zl\u0131ktan kurtulmak i\u00e7in, \u00fcst y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerdeki elektronlar, en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede, alt y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerde olu\u015fan bu bo\u015f yerlere geri d\u00fc\u015ferler.<\/li><li>\u0130\u015fte \u0131\u015f\u0131k, elektronun bu \u015fekilde alt y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye geri d\u00f6nmesi esnas\u0131nda olu\u015fur.<\/li><li>Elektronlar \u00fcst y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere \u00e7\u0131karken enerji al\u0131rlar (absorbe ederler); alt y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere d\u00fc\u015ferken enerji verirler (emisyon yaparlar).<\/li><li>Bu \u015fekilde verdikleri enerji \u0131\u015f\u0131k enerjisidir.<\/li><li>Yukar\u0131daki resim bu olay\u0131 canland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Peki_Hangi_Renk_Isik\">Peki Hangi Renk I\u015f\u0131k?<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00d6ncelikle <strong>\u0131\u015f\u0131k<\/strong> dedi\u011fimizde, g\u00f6zlerimizin g\u00f6rebildi\u011fi <strong>\u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131<\/strong> kastederiz.<\/li><li>G\u00f6remedi\u011fimiz o kadar \u00e7ok \u0131\u015f\u0131n vard\u0131r ki, \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar bir okyanus ise, \u0131\u015f\u0131k bu okyanusta bir damlan\u0131n da milyonda biri gibidir.<\/li><li>I\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n enerjisi, rengine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. G\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131ndaki renklerinin s\u0131ras\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n enerji s\u0131ras\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k enerjisi en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan \u0131\u015f\u0131k, mor \u0131\u015f\u0131k ise enerjisi en y\u00fcksek \u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131dan mora do\u011fru gidildik\u00e7e \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n enerjisi artar.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bir y\u00f6r\u00fcnge, \u00e7ekirde\u011fe ne kadar yak\u0131nsa, o y\u00f6r\u00fcngede bulunan elektronlar\u0131n enerjisi o kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. Yani;<ul><li>Enerjisi en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck elektronlar 1. y\u00f6r\u00fcngede ya\u015farlar.<\/li><li>2. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedeki bir elektronun enerjisi 1. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedekilerden daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/li><li>&#8230;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Bir elektron ne kadar y\u00fcksekten d\u00fc\u015ferse o kadar y\u00fcksek enerjili \u0131\u015f\u0131k sa\u00e7ar, sa\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k mor renge o kadar yak\u0131n olur. Elektronun d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler birbirine ne kadar yak\u0131nsa, renk o kadar k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya yak\u0131n olur:<ul><li>Mesela; bir elektron 2. y\u00f6r\u00fcngeden 1. y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye d\u00fc\u015ferse, bu iki y\u00f6r\u00fcnge aras\u0131ndaki enerji fark\u0131 kadar enerjiyi d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/li><li>Bu mant\u0131kla, 3. y\u00f6r\u00fcngeden 1. y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye d\u00fc\u015fen elektronun verdi\u011fi enerji daha y\u00fcksek olacak, yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k da mor \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa daha yak\u0131n bir renk olacakt\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-6\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bohr Atom Modeli ile ilgili olarak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen bilgilerden hangisi yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A) 2. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedeki elektronlar\u0131n enerjisi, 1. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedekilerden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<br>B) Atomlar\u0131n en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck enerjili haline temel hal denir.<br>C) Enerji ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, atomlar\u0131n elektronlar\u0131 \u00fcst y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere s\u0131\u00e7rarlar ve atom uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hale ge\u00e7er.<br>D) Elektronlar; \u00fcst y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerden alt y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere d\u00fc\u015ferken, d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u0131s\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k gibi bir enerji yayarlar.<br>E) Mor \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayan elektronlar, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayanlara g\u00f6re daha, \u00e7ekirde\u011fe daha uzak y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerden d\u00fc\u015ferler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><strong>A<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Bohr Atom Modeli&#8217;ne g\u00f6re, \u00e7ekirdekten daha uzak y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerin enerjisi saha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fczden, 2. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedeki elektronlar daha y\u00fcksek enerjiye sahiptir. Bu y\u00fczden A \u015f\u0131kk\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer \u015f\u0131klar Bohr Atom Moldeli&#8217;ne g\u00f6re do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap A \u015f\u0131kk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#ffeebe\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Bohr_Atom_Modeli_Ile_Ilgili_Kavramlar\">Bohr Atom Modeli \u0130le \u0130lgili Kavramlar<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Atomlar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131k sa\u00e7malar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarken, Bohr Atom Modeline dair kritik baz\u0131 kavramlar\u0131 da vermi\u015f olduk. \u015eimdi bu kavramlar\u0131 daha yak\u0131ndan inceleyim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Yorunge_Kabuk_Temel_Enerji_Seviyesi\">Y\u00f6r\u00fcnge (Kabuk, Temel Enerji Seviyesi)<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"471\" height=\"501\" src=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/yorungeler-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg\" alt=\"Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler - Bohr Atom Modeli\" class=\"wp-image-1303\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/yorungeler-bohr-atom-modeli.jpg 471w, https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2020\/08\/yorungeler-bohr-atom-modeli-282x300.jpg 282w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 471px) 100vw, 471px\" \/><figcaption>Elektronlar\u0131n Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri &#8211; Bohr Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Elektronlar, \u00e7ekirde\u011fin \u00e7evresinde bulunan belli y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerde ve y\u00fcksek h\u0131zlarda d\u00f6nerler.<\/li><li>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler, \u00e7ekirde\u011fin etraf\u0131ndaki dairesel rotalard\u0131r.<\/li><li>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere <strong>kabuk<\/strong> veya <strong>temel enerji seviyesi<\/strong> de denir.<\/li><li>Her bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngenin bir numaras\u0131 veya bir sembol\u00fc  vard\u0131r.<ul><li>\u00c7ekirde\u011fe en yak\u0131n olandan ba\u015flayarak, y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerin numaralar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ve 7 \u015feklidedir. Bu numaralar:<\/li><li>n=1 (1. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>n=2 (2. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>n=3 (3. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>n=4 (4. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>n=5 (5. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>n=6 (6. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>n=7 (7. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir) \u015feklinde de g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler i\u00e7in numara kullanmak istemezseniz, s\u0131ras\u0131yla K, L, M, N, O, P, Q sembollerini de kullanabilirsiniz:<ul><li>K kabu\u011fu (1. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>L kabu\u011fu (2. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>M kabu\u011fu (3. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>N kabu\u011fu (4. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>O kabu\u011fu (5. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>P kabu\u011fu (6. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>Q kabu\u011fu (7. y\u00f6r\u00fcnge demektir.)<\/li><li>Bu harflerin s\u0131ras\u0131 hep b\u00f6yledir de\u011fi\u015fmez. Yani her zaman birinci y\u00f6r\u00fcnge K kabu\u011fu, ikici y\u00f6r\u00fcnge L kabu\u011fu&#8230; \u015feklinde adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki videoya t\u0131klay\u0131p, 10 saniye kadar izledi\u011finizde, Bohr Atom Modelinde bahsedilen y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Bohr&#039;s Model of an Atom - Class 9 Tutorial\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fm2C0ovz-3M?start=64&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Elektronlar\u0131n Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri &#8211; Bohr Atom Modeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Bohr_Atom_Modeline_Gore_Atomlar\">Bohr Atom Modeline G\u00f6re Atomlar<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeli model olarak da bilinen Bohr Atom Modeline g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Elektronlar \u00e7ekirdekten belirli uzakl\u0131kta ve belirli enerjiye sahip y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerde bulunur.<ul><li>Bu y\u00f6r\u00fcngelere; <strong>temel enerji d\u00fczeyi<\/strong> (seviyesi), <strong>katman <\/strong>veya <strong>kabuk <\/strong>denir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong><em>Temel enerji d\u00fczeyi<\/em><\/strong> bir tam say\u0131 ile belirtilir.<ul><li>\u00c7ekirde\u011fe en yak\u0131n <strong><em>temel enerji d\u00fczeyi<\/em><\/strong> 1 olmak \u00fczere n = 1, 2, 3, 4\u2026 say\u0131 veya K, L, M, N\u2026 gibi harflerle ifade edilir.<\/li><li>\u00c7ekirde\u011fe en yak\u0131n kabuk minimum, en uzaktaki kabuk maksimum enerjiye sahiptir.<\/li><li>Bir elektron, bulundu\u011fu <strong><em>temel enerji d\u00fczeyinin<\/em><\/strong> enerjisine sahiptir.<ul><li>Yani 2. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedeki elektronlar 1. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedekilerden daha fazla enerjiye sahiptir; 3. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedekiler de 2. y\u00f6r\u00fcngedekilerden daha fazla enerjiye sahiptir. Bu b\u00f6yle devam eder.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elektronun \u00e7ekirde\u011fe en yak\u0131n en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck enerjili h\u00e2line atomun temel h\u00e2li denir.<ul><li>Temel h\u00e2lde atom kararl\u0131d\u0131r ve \u0131\u015f\u0131n yaymaz.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Elektronun d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan enerji alarak (absorbe ederek) daha y\u00fcksek enerji d\u00fczeyine ge\u00e7mesine atomun uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2li denir.<ul><li>Atom, uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2lde iken karars\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/li><li>Kararl\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in temel h\u00e2le ge\u00e7er.<\/li><li>Temel h\u00e2le ge\u00e7erken ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerjiyi \u0131\u015f\u0131ma (emisyon) olarak geri verir.<\/li><li>Yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n enerjisi, elektronun uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hali ile temel hali aras\u0131ndaki enerji fark\u0131na e\u015fittir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Bohr_Atom_Modelinin_Eksiklikleri\">Bohr Atom Modelinin Eksiklikleri<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>Bohr Atom Modeli, sadece elektron say\u0131lar\u0131 1 olan atom veya iyonlar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/em><\/strong><ul><li>Bu y\u00fczden, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ge\u00e7erli olan atom modeli &#8220;<strong><em>Modern Atom Teorisi<\/em><\/strong>&#8220;dir.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ornek-7\">\u00d6rnek:<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi Bohr Atom Modeli ile birlikte \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimiz bir bilgidir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A) Atomlar; proton, n\u00f6tron ve elektronlardan olu\u015fur.<br>B) Atomlar\u0131n merkezinde \u00e7ekirdekleri vard\u0131r.<br>C) Atomlarda; pozitif y\u00fck say\u0131s\u0131 kadar negatif y\u00fck vard\u0131r.<br>D) Elektronlar, belirli y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerde d\u00f6nerler.<br>E) Atomlar, yoktan var edilemez ya da yok edilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(41,106,54,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">Cevab\u0131 g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.75)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">Cevap<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\"><strong>D<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bod-modal-block bod-block-popup align-left\"><button type=\"button\" style=\"background-color:rgba(132,77,77,1);color:#ffffff\" class=\"bod-block-popup-trigger type_btn bod-btn\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ster<\/button><div style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.69)\" class=\"bod-block-popup-overlay\" data-disabled-overlay-close=\"false\" data-disabled-escape-close=\"false\"><\/div><div role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"\" aria-describedby=\"\" class=\"bod-block-popup-wrap undefined\"><div style=\"background-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px \" class=\"bod-block-popup size-m\"><div id=\"\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;text-align:left\" class=\"bod-modal-title\"><h2 style=\"color:#000000\">\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"\" class=\"bod-modal-content\">\n<p>Bohr Atom Modeli, elektronlar\u0131n belli y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerde hareket etti\u011fini ortaya atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015e\u0131klarda verilen di\u011fer bilgiler, Bohr Atom Modeli \u00f6ncesinde ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bilgilerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cevap D \u015f\u0131kk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"bod-block-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Modern_Atom_Teorisi_Bulut_Modeli\">Modern Atom Teorisi (Bulut Modeli)<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-background wp-block-list\" style=\"background-color:#ffecb9\"><li>Bohr Atom Modelinin eksikleri Modern Atom Teorisi ile giderilmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li>Bu model, atom i\u00e7in ortaya at\u0131lan en son ve en ge\u00e7erli modeldir.<\/li><li>Modern Atom Teorisi, TYT kimyas\u0131na dahil de\u011fildir, bu y\u00fczden burada i\u015flenmeyecektir.<ul><li>Modern Atom Teorisi, Kimya 11 konusudur.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atom_Modelleri_Ile_Ilgili_Testler_8211_Tikla_Coz\">Atom Modelleri \u0130le \u0130lgili Testler &#8211; T\u0131kla \u00c7\u00f6z<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/atom-ve-periyodik-sistem\/atom-modelleri-test-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Atom Modelleri \u2013 Test 1<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/atom-ve-periyodik-sistem\/atom-modelleri-test-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Atom Modelleri &#8211; Test 2<\/strong><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Konu_Ozeti\">Konu \u00d6zeti<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Atom Modelleri b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, \u00f6zetle \u015fu bilgiler verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Dalton Atom Modelinde<\/strong> atomlar \u015f\u00f6yle tarif edilir:<br>&#8211; Atom i\u00e7in dolu, b\u00f6l\u00fcnemeyen ve \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir taneciktir.<br>&#8211; Bir elementin b\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar\u0131 t\u0131pat\u0131p ayn\u0131d\u0131r fakat farkl\u0131 atomlar\u0131n atomlar\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Kimyasal tepkimelerde atomlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ve cinsi korunur, dizilimleri de\u011fi\u015fir.<br>&#8211; Bile\u015fikler, elementlerin belli oranda birle\u015fimesi ile olu\u015fur.<\/li><li>Dalton, atomlar\u0131n i\u00e7ini dolu zannetmi\u015f; elektron, proton ve n\u00f6tronun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffedememi\u015ftir.<\/li><li><strong>Thomson Atom Modelinde<\/strong> atomlar \u015f\u00f6yle tarif edilir:<br>&#8211; Atomda pozitif ve negatif y\u00fckler vard\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Pozitif ve negatif y\u00fckler atomda homojen olarak da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Atomlardaki pozitif y\u00fck say\u0131s\u0131 ile negetif y\u00fck say\u0131s\u0131 birbirine e\u015fittir.<br>&#8211; Atomun k\u00fctlesini pozitif y\u00fckler olu\u015fturur.<\/li><li>Thomson, atomun \u00e7ekirdekli yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, elektronlar\u0131 y\u00f6r\u00fcngesini ve n\u00f6tronu g\u00f6rememi\u015ftir.<\/li><li>Rutherford, ince bir alt\u0131n levha \u00fczerine alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve alfa \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n atomlar\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda nas\u0131l yans\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015ftir.<\/li><li><strong>Rutherford Atom Modelinde<\/strong> atom \u015f\u00f6yle tarif edilir:<br>&#8211; Atomun bir \u00e7ekide\u011fi vard\u0131r ve pozitif y\u00fckler bu \u00e7ekirdekte bulunur.<br>&#8211; \u00c7ekirde\u011fin hacmi \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve elektronlar \u00e7ekirde\u011fin etraf\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck bo\u015flukta d\u00f6ner.<br>&#8211; Pozitif y\u00fcklerin k\u00fctlesi, atom k\u00fctlesinin yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Pozitif y\u00fck miktar\u0131, bir elementin b\u00fct\u00fcn atomlar\u0131nda e\u015fittir fakat farkl\u0131 element atomlar\u0131nda farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li><strong>Bohr Atom Modelinde<\/strong> atomlar \u015f\u00f6yle tarif edilir:<br>&#8211; Bir atomun elektronu enerji abdorbe ederse yani enerji al\u0131rsa, bu elektron \u00fcst y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye s\u0131\u00e7rar ve atom uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hale ge\u00e7er.<br>&#8211; \u00dcst y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye ge\u00e7en elektron \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden tekrar alt y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye d\u00fc\u015fer ve ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerjiyi \u0131\u015f\u0131k olarak verir. Bu olaya emisyon denir.<br>&#8211; Elektronlar\u0131n d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler, \u00e7ekirdekten itibaren 1, 2, 3,&#8230; \u015feklinde tam say\u0131larla veya K, L, M, N,&#8230; harfleri ile g\u00f6sterilir.<br>&#8211; Y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerin; enerji seviyesi, temel enerji seviyesi, kabuk veya katman gibi farkl\u0131 isimleri de vard\u0131r.<br>&#8211; Atomun elektronlar\u0131n\u0131n enerji almam\u0131\u015f hali, atomun temel halidir. Temel haldeki bir atomda, elektronlar \u00e7ekirde\u011fe en yak\u0131n olacak \u015fekilde dizilmi\u015ftir.<br>&#8211; \u00c7ekridekten daha uzak y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerde bulunabilmek i\u00e7in elektronlar\u0131n daha \u00e7ok enerjiye sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu y\u00fczden bir elektronlar, \u00e7ekirdekten daha uzak y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler aras\u0131nda s\u0131\u00e7rarken daha \u00e7ok enerji al\u0131r veya verirler.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Isik_ile_ilgi_kavramlar\">I\u015f\u0131k ile ilgi kavramlar<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir ekranda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ize <strong>spektrum<\/strong> denir.<\/li><li>Bir spektrum, ayd\u0131nl\u0131k karanl\u0131k \u015feklinde bir desene sahipse <strong>\u00e7izgi spektrumudur<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Bir spektrumun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde karanl\u0131k bir b\u00f6lge yoksa bu <strong>spektrum s\u00fcreklidir<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Bir maddenin d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan enerji almas\u0131na <strong>absorbsiyon<\/strong> (emme veya so\u011furma da denir) denir.<\/li><li>Bir maddenin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerjiyi d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya salmas\u0131na <strong>em\u00fcsyon<\/strong> (yayma) denir.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Atom_Modelleri_Ile_Ilgili_Testler_8211_Tikla_Coz-2\">Atom Modelleri \u0130le \u0130lgili Testler &#8211; T\u0131kla \u00c7\u00f6z<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/atom-ve-periyodik-sistem\/atom-modelleri-test-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Atom Modelleri \u2013 Test 1<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/tyt-kimya\/atom-ve-periyodik-sistem\/atom-modelleri-test-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Atom Modelleri &#8211; Test 2<\/strong><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group stcnnt-yazi-ici-reklam\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu bir reklamd\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6366953309324763\" data-ad-slot=\"9738116384\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u00e7 g\u00f6remedi\u011fimiz bir \u015feyin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 anlayabilmek de hi\u00e7 kolay olmam\u0131\u015f ve uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Atom modelleri, atomun ke\u015ffedilme veya anla\u015f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecini anlatan bir konudur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9885,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[90],"class_list":["post-1254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-atom-ve-periyodik-sistem","tag-atom-modelleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1254","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1254"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1254\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22672,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1254\/revisions\/22672"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1254"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitecenneti.com\/kimya\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}